外腔半导体激光器中激光二极管端面反射率的谱特性分析

考虑到端面反射率与波长有关 ,且带宽有限的实验事实 ,以及增益谱随载流子密度变化的因素 ,着重分析了激光二极管 (L D)镀膜端面反射率带宽、极小波长位置参量对光栅外腔激光器 (ECL D)调谐范围的影响。分析表明 ,除了 L D镀膜端面剩余反射率值、外腔反馈效率等因素之外 ,增大反射率带宽、精确控制极小波长位置是进一步挖掘 ECL D调谐范围的有效措施。增大反射率带宽 ,可更有效地提高参考载流子密度 ,延伸长波长端调谐区域 ,抑制 F- P腔影响。在确定的条件下 ,优化后的极小波长位置对应于调谐范围的极大值。理论分析结果较好地解释了实验现象     

端面反射率的波长特性对外腔半导体激光器调谐范围的影响

端面镀增透膜的激光二极管构成的光栅外腔激光器（ECLD）中,考虑到镀膜端面剩余反射率对波长的依赖关系以后,利用等效腔法导出了该激光器阈值载流子密度随波长变化的解析表达式,以此为出发点,讨论了增透膜反射率极小位置对调谐范围的影响。结果表明,除了增大剩余反射率工和降低剩余反射率能够提高调谐范围这一明显结论这外,在镀膜工艺确定的情况下,即假定剩余反射率带宽和剩余反射率极小值变化不大时,通过控制剩余反射率极小值所对应的波长相对于镀膜前增益峰的偏移量,可进一步拓宽波长调谐范围。     

Improved quantum randomness amplification with finite number of untrusted devices based on a novel extractor

Quantum randomness amplification protocols have increasingly attracted attention for their fantastic ability to amplify weak randomness to almost ideal randomness by utilizing quantum systems. Recently, a realistic noise-tolerant randomness amplification protocol using a finite number of untrusted devices was proposed. The protocol has the composable security against non-signalling eavesdroppers and could produce a single bit of randomness from weak randomness sources, which is certified by the violation of certain Bell inequalities. However, the protocol has a non-ignorable limitation on the minentropy of independent sources. In this paper, we further develop the randomness amplification method and present a novel quantum randomness amplification protocol based on an explicit non-malleable two independent-source randomness extractor, which could remarkably reduce the above-mentioned specific limitation. Moreover, the composable security of our improved protocol is also proposed. Our results could significantly expand the application range for practical quantum randomness amplification, and provide a new insight on the practical design method for randomness extraction.     

基于匹配滤波解调的多芯Bragg光栅曲率传感器

设计了一种多芯光纤Bragg光栅曲率传感器,并采用匹配滤波技术实现曲率解调。多芯光纤Bragg光栅曲率传感器是通过在多芯光纤的两个中心对称纤芯中写入Bragg光栅实现的。两个光纤Bragg光栅具有相似的反射谱和中心波长,当多芯光纤发生弯曲时,两个光纤Bragg光栅的反射谱叠加区域将发生改变。将两个光纤Bragg光栅构造成匹配滤波模式,则两个光纤Bragg光栅反射谱的叠加区域面积决定了输出信号的光强,而叠加区域的面积与光纤曲率有关。因此,通过测量匹配滤波信号的功率可以实现曲率解调。结果表明,匹配滤波技术能有效解调多芯光纤Bragg光栅曲率传感器,最大曲率解调灵敏度为0.78mW·m~(-1)。此外,测量了多芯光纤Bragg光栅曲率传感器在不同轴向应变和环境温度下的解调性能,结果表明,该曲率解调系统具有很强的抵抗外界环境波动的能力。     

基于线型卡尔曼滤波器的双偏振并行载波相位恢复算法

针对偏振复用16阶正交幅度调制(16QAM)传输系统(PDM-16QAM),基于线型卡尔曼滤波器,提出了一种计算复杂度更低、线宽容忍度更高的双偏振并行载波相位恢复算法,使用两个偏振态内环和外环的符号信息对两个偏振态同时进行相位噪声估计。仿真结果表明,在传输速率为224Gb/s传输速率下,本文算法相比于单偏振卡尔曼滤波器算法的线宽容忍度提高了7倍,由原来的400kHz提高至2800kHz。此外,相比于单偏振卡尔曼滤波器载波相位恢复算法,本文算法并行处理符号个数提升了4倍左右,有效提高了算法的实时性,但是复杂度有所降低。最后,在传输速率为224Gb/s的PDM-16QAM传输实验中对本文算法进行了验证。     

电子在量子理论发展中的地位——纪念电子发现百周年

电子在量子理论发展中的地位———纪念电子发现百周年张晓霞潘炜（青海师专西宁８１０００７）１８９７年，英国物理学家ＪＪＴｈｏｍｓｏｎ对于电子的发现，被认为是世纪之交开辟物理学新纪元的三大发现之一。电子的发现，否定了原子不可分的传统观念，把人类的视野...     

非啁啾取样光纤布拉格光栅反射峰值波长的分析

推导并验证了非啁啾取样光纤布拉格光栅(SFBG)反射谱中反射峰值波长的表达式。基于种子光栅中心波长对应的折射率调制深度和取样光纤布拉格光栅折射率调制函数的傅里叶级数展开式,提炼出取样光纤布拉格光栅的折射率调制深度和各阶光栅周期,从而导出其反射峰值波长的表达式。由于考虑了占空比、取样周期等取样光纤布拉格光栅的结构参量,因而表达式能够描述反射峰的分布。仿真实验中,不同占空比或取样周期下计算出的反射峰值波长、信道间隔符合数值反射谱。该表达式既适用于均匀取样光纤布拉格光栅,也适用于交流切趾和交直流切趾取样光纤布拉格光栅。     

Flexible polarization demultiplexing method based on an adaptive process noise covariance Kalman filter

A flexible polarization demultiplexing method based on an adaptive Kalman filter(AKF) is proposed in which the process noise covariance has been estimated adaptively. The proposed method may significantly improve the adaptive capability of an extended Kalman filter(EKF) by adaptively estimating the unknown process noise covariance. Compared to the conventional EKF, the proposed method can avoid the tedious and time consuming parameter-by-parameter tuning operations. The effectiveness of this method is confirmed experimentally in 128 Gb/s 16 QAM polarization-division-multiplexing(PDM) coherent optical transmission systems. The results illustrate that our proposed AKF has a better tracking accuracy and a faster convergence(about 4 times quicker)compared to a conventional algorithm with optimal process noise covariance.     

负反馈放大器的单向化条件

从单向化条件的三个基本准则出发，以电压串联型负反馈为例，采用了广义ｈ参数对反馈网络的负载效应作了定量分析，得出负反馈放大器放大倍数一般表达式的适用条件，同时强调了反馈系数与信号源内阻及负载电阻无关。