Soliton Collision in a Ferromagnetic Spin Chain Driven by a Magnetic Field

By employing an inverse-scattering transformation, the exact solution of an N-soliton train in the spin chain with a time-dependent magnetic field is derived. As a special case the one-soliton solution (N = 1) exhibits explicitly the spin precession around the magnetic field and periodic shape-variation induced by the time varying field as well. In terms of the general solution, inelastic two-soliton collision is analysed. The inelastic collision, by which we mean the soliton shape-change before and after collision, appears generally due to the time varying field.     

Adiabatic population transfer in effective three-level systems driven by laser beams

The population transfer in effective three-state systems driven by laser beams has been studied based on the theory of Lewis－Riesenfeld Hermitian invariants in the full- and partial-adiabatic approximations. A strict formulation of adiabatic conditions is given, and a new adiabatic condition for inducing a complete population transfer is found.     

双组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中亚稳态存在条件及其寿命

本文对双势阱中凝聚的冷原子通过约瑟夫森结隧穿时所形成的亚稳态进行研究.通过介观自旋算符建立了体系的精确量子相位模型,利用对量子自旋的势场描述给出了在两阱中振荡的原子之间相位差为时,即亚稳态时所要满足的物理条件,并用瞬子方法计算了该亚稳态存在的寿命.     

Mn4+掺杂对BiFeO3陶瓷微观结构和电学性能的影响研究

利用传统的固相反应法制备了BiFe_1-xMn_xO₃ (x= 0-0.20)陶瓷样品, 研究了不同Mn⁴⁺掺杂量对BiFeO₃陶瓷密度、物相结构、显微形貌、 介电性能和铁电性能的影响.实验结果表明:所制备的BiFe_1-xMn_xO₃ 陶瓷样品的钙钛矿主相均已形成,具有良好的晶体结构, 且在掺杂量x=0.05附近开始出现结构相变.随着Mn⁴⁺添加量的增加, 体系的相结构有从菱方钙钛矿向斜方转变的趋势,且样品电容率大幅度增大, 而介电损耗也略有增加;在测试频率为10⁴ Hz条件下, BiFe_0.85Mn_0.15O₃ (ε_r=1065)的 ε_r是纯BiFeO₃ (ε_r=50.6)的22倍; 掺杂后样品的铁电极化性能均有不同程度的提高,可能是由于Mn⁴⁺稳定性优于 Fe³⁺,高价位Mn⁴⁺进行B位替代改性BiFeO₃陶瓷, 能减少Bi³⁺挥发,抑制Fe³⁺价态波动,从而降低氧空位浓度,减小样品的电导和漏电流.     

传感器驱动下双路视频采集与处理系统的实现

传统的视频采集使用连续录制的方式,一方面对存储需求较大,另一方面造成视频检索困难。针对这一问题,提出并实现了一种基于传感器驱动的视频采集和处理系统。系统以震动传感器和人体红外传感器作为触发器,实现对视频采集设备的驱动,并将获取的双路视频图像采用PIP技术进行处理。实验证明,这样做不仅能有针对性地获取视频信息,提高视频信息的可用性,而且可以扩大视频信息采集范围,节省存储空间。     

基于光谱特征分析的光纤光栅腐蚀传感器研究

针对航空航天领域铝合金结构服役过程腐蚀监测需求,提出了一种基于铝质细管结构的预载荷型光纤光栅腐蚀传感器。给出了铝合金结构腐蚀在役监测机理,得到光纤光栅反射光谱特征与铝质细管厚度变化之间的理论关系模型,构建了酸碱环境下的光纤光栅腐蚀监测试验系统。通过在细管内部配置不受力且仅感受温度变化的光纤光栅传感器,解决了被测目标的温度与应力交叉敏感问题。研究表明,这种铝质细管封装设计不仅可以感受腐蚀对其力学性能的影响,还能够屏蔽外界腐蚀因素对管内光纤感知器件的干扰。随着金属管腐蚀程度加深,其管壁逐渐变薄,光纤光栅反射光谱逐渐向短波长方向偏移,且管壁厚度变化与光栅中心波长偏移量之间呈较好单调关系。这些特性能够为进一步开展基于光纤感知器件的机械结构在役腐蚀监测研究提供有益帮助。     

Speckle reduction by selective spatial-domain mask in digital holography

An improved method of using a selective spatial-domain mask to reduce speckle noise in digital holography is proposed.The sub-holograms are obtained from the original hologram filtered by the binary masks including a shifting aperture for being reconstructed. Normally, the speckle patterns of these sub-reconstructed images are different. The speckle intensity of the final reconstructed image is suppressed by averaging the favorable sub-reconstructed images which are selected based on the most optimal pixel intensity sub-range in the sub-holograms. Compared with the conventional spatial-domain mask method, the proposed method not only reduces the speckle noise more effectively with fewer sub-reconstructed images,but also reduces the redundant information used in the reconstruction process.     

稀土配合物的配体PNIPAM塌缩诱导配位键断裂

通过一系列化学反应合成得到了Eu(ally-DBM)₃-2TPPO和PNIPAM形成的大分子水溶性发光配合物. 本文通过TGA、GPC、HNMR表征复合物的结构,并研究了配合物在水溶液中的荧光热响应性. 研究发现,PNIPAM在低临界溶解温度以上塌缩引起配位键断裂,导致Eu³⁺的荧光减弱和配体荧光增强. 当温度降低时,发现Eu³⁺的荧光增强,配体荧光相应减弱. 推断当温度降低时配体再次与铕离子重新配位,并通过红外光谱进一步证实了. 这种配合物的荧光热响应性具有可逆性,可用作分子探针应用在生物成像方面和研究PNIPAM塌缩.     

铜铟镓硒薄膜的拉曼和可见-近红外光谱表征

采用恒电位电沉积法在ITO上制备了铜铟镓硒(CIGS)前驱体薄膜,该前驱体薄膜在充氩气管式炉中经过高温硒化可得到结晶良好的CIGS薄膜。采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外-可见光-近红外光谱仪分别表征了CIGS薄膜的结构、形貌、成分以及可见-近红外光谱(Vis-NIR)吸收特性。XRD结果表明前驱体薄膜高温硒化后所得的CIGS薄膜具有(112)择优取向,薄膜中CIGS晶粒的平均尺寸为24.7nm,Raman光谱表明薄膜中的CIGS是具有黄铜矿结构的四元纯相,没有其他二元三元杂相存在。Vis-NIR测量结果表明CIGS的禁带宽度随薄膜中镓含量的增加而增加,当Ga含量达5.41%时,通过吸收光谱测得CIGS的禁带宽度为1.11eV,通过理论计算得到镓铟比为Ga/(In+Ga)=16.3%,小于SEM测量所得的镓铟比Ga/(In+Ga)=21.4%,这表明还需进一步提高CIGS薄膜的结晶度。所有测量表明优化后的ITO/CIGS非常适合用来制作高质量的双面太阳能电池。该研究提出了制备低成本CIGS前驱体薄膜及高温硒化的新方法,通过这些方法在ITO上制备了均匀、致密、附着力好的CIGS薄膜。通过上述表征可知,在新工艺下制备的CIGS薄膜结晶度高,成分合理,无杂相,光吸收性质好。与磁控溅射法类似,电沉积法非常适合大面积工业化生产,该工作对CIGS的规模化生产具有重要的借鉴意义。     

紫杉醇水凝胶成胶因子延缓微管蛋白聚集

Paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the most efficient anticancer drugs for the treatment of cancers through β-tubulin-binding. Our previous work indicated that a PTX-derivative hydroge-lator Fmoc-Phe-Phe-Lys(paclitaxel)-Tyr(H₂PO₃)-OH (1)could promote neuron branching but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Using tubulin assembly-disassembly assay, in this work, we found that compound 1 obviously delayed more microtubule aggregation than PTX did. Under the catalysis of alkaline phosphatase, Fmoc-Phe-Phe-Lys(paclitaxel)-Tyr(H₂PO₃)-OH could self-assemble into nanofiber Fmoc-Phe-Phe-Lys(paclitaxel)-Tyr-OH with width comparable to the size of αβ-tubulin dimer. Therefore, we proposed in this work that nanofiber Fmoc-Phe-Phe-Lys(paclitaxel)-Tyr-OH not only inhibits the αβ-tubulin dimer binding to each other but also interferes with the plus end aggregation of microtubule. This work provides a new mechanism of the inhibition of microtubule formation by a PTX-derivative hydrogelator.