42CrMo钢机械性能概率统计分布研究

做了２６个机械性能测试件,对机械性能各参数的测试结果进行了分组,并对其作了累积频数和经验分布的分析,通过坐标纸描点与直方图的结果判断,拟做各参数为正态分布,经假设检验的Ｋ－Ｓ检验,确定原假设的正确性,从而得出结论,４２ＣｒＭｏ钢机械性能概率统计分布为正态分布。     

应用SolidWorks进行U型管式换热器管板的应力分析

管壳式换热器是石油化学工业中最常见的设备。而管板是管壳式换热器中最重要也是最复杂的承压部件。它对整台换热器的安全性和经济性有极重要的影响。在传统的换热器管板设计中一般使用相关的计算公式进行设计,准确性不高,安全系数过大,经济性较差。产品验证依赖于对实物样品的测试,使产品开发周期长,成本高。将COSMOSWorks有限元分析模块和SolidWorks三维建模软件结合,提出了一种进行换热器管板应力分析的新方法,并给出了应用实例。     

正交晶系天花粉蛋白2.4分辨率的晶体结构和分子结构

在酸性条件下(pH=5.4)培养出正交晶系天花粉蛋白晶体。用面探测器收集了X射线衍射强度数据。以C2空间群天花粉蛋白2.6分辨率的晶体结构中的分子模型作为已知结构模型,用分子置换法解出正交晶系P2_12_12_1空间群天花粉蛋白的晶体结构。所得到的初始结构模型先后用模拟退火法和立体化学制约的最小二乘修正技术对原子坐标及温度因子进行修正。最后在2.4分辨率范围内模型的β因子为0.197,键长的均方根误差为0.021,键角距离的均方根误差为0.081。分子结构模型与(2Fo—Fc)为系数的电子云密度图吻合得很好。键长键角合理。结构测定结果表明,P2_12_12_1;空间群天花粉蛋白的分子的空间结构与单斜晶系C2空间群中的分子结构甚为相似。     

A DETERMINATION OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF TRICHOSANTHIN AT LOW RESOLUTION

Trichosanthin, extracted from a Chinese herb medicine, is a plant protein having a molec-ular weight of ca. 24,000 and containing 219 amino acid residues. The crystal is mono-clinic, belonging to the space group C2, with the following cell dimensions: a=75.64A, b=75.52A, c=88.85A β= 99.51°. Each asymmetric unit contains two such protein molecules. The UO_2Ac_2 and K_2Pt(NO_2)_4 derivatives of trichosanthin have been prepared by soakingin the respective solutions of high dilution. The joint probability of isomorphous replacementand anomalous scattering has been used to calculate the native phases. In the electron densitymaps, the boundary between the two protein molecules can be recognized, leading to thefollowing approximate molecular dimensions: 45×40×35A~3. Each molecule contains fourrod-shaped segments easily known as α-helices.     

THE COURSE OF THE POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN OF TRICHOSANTHIN MOLECULE

The course of the polypeptide chain of Trichosanthin has been determined from the electron density map at 4 resolution. The structure belongs to α+β type. It contains eight α-helices (39% of total residues) and four β-sheets (32% of total residues) which are made up of thirteen β-strands. The α-helices are relatively in the centre of the molecule and surrounded by β-sheets. This is the characteristic feature of Trichosanthin structure. This kind of structural arrangement has not been reported before. The transformation matrix and translation vector, which superpose two molecules in one asymmetric unit, were obtained. The root mean square error is 1.31 for this superposition.     

天花粉蛋白分子的肽链走向

本文证明从4分辨率的电子密度图上确定了一条合理的肽走向。天花粉蛋白属于α β型结构。整个分子包含八段α-螺旋,约占残基总数37％;13条β链组成4个β折叠层,占残基总数32％。α-螺旋相对地处于分子的中心,而4个β折叠层分布在外围。这是天花粉蛋白结构的显著特点,这种结构排布方式尚未见文献报道。用坐标叠合方法获得了不对称单位内两分子叠合时的旋转矩阵和平移向量,叠合后的均方根误差是1.31。     

The Crystal and Molecular Structure of Trichosanthin at 2.6 Resolution

The crystallographic refinement of trichosanthin has been performed at 2.6 resolution. The crystal and molecular structure of trichosanthin is described in detail in this paper. On summarizing the regularity of the amino acid sequences of eight kinds of ribosome inactivating proteins and combining with the crystal and molecular structure of trichosanthin, fifteen most conservative amino acid residues are analyzed. It is found that four most conservative polar amino acid residues Gln156, Glu160, Arg163 and Glu189 gather on the molecular surface on the boundary of the large and small domains, thus forming the active center of the protein molecule.     

薄壁压力容器开孔补强的设计计算与可靠性分析

在薄壁压力容器器壁上开孔,不但削弱了容器的材料强度,而且导致容器局部应力集中,成为容器破坏的重要因素之一。国标设计中考虑容器开孔补强的安全性尽管有了一系列规定,但对影响安全诸因素的随机性考虑较少,而可靠性设计把影响安全的参数作为随机变量,依据概率统计把安全性与经济性统一进行设计计算。通过实例计算与分析对比表明,可靠性设计在保证可控的故障概率下,容器的成本投资相对常规设计计算得到了进一步优化,符合工程实际的现实要求。     

基于COSMOS的轻烃外输泵泵轴危险点的有限元分析

利用Solid/Works的COSMOS软件,对轻烃外输泵泵轴的危险点,在静态状态下,进行了有限元分析与强度校核。得出了不同工况条件下,泵轴三向应力图。通过分析计算,确定零流量工况时,泵轴在安装叶轮的轴肩处应力值最大,为整个泵轴的危险点。实践应用表明,有限元分析的结果是正确的。     

基于损伤理论的单层厚壁圆筒自增强弹塑性交界面半径Rc 的确定

在自增强技术中,确定最佳弹塑性界面半径是关键。在利用自增强理论设计计算超高压容器时,最佳自增强处理压力、最佳弹塑性界面半径是主要的参数。笔者分别采用理想弹塑性模型和损伤模型对三种不同规格的厚壁圆筒进行了计算,并与同参数的理想弹塑性模型和实际测得的弹塑性交界面半径值进行了对比,从而说明本论文给出的的基于损失的厚壁圆筒弹塑性交界面半径计算思路是正确的,为将来准确预测和控制自增强容器残余应力,提供了理论依据。