含氮风吹氮合金化

氮在阀门钢、部分不锈钢中是重要的合金元素，在这些含氮钢的冶炼过程中利用氮气作合金剂对钢液进行合金化，可明显降低冶炼成本，是含氮钢冶炼的一项新技术。在理论分析计算含氮钢吹氮气增氮的热力学和动力学条件的基础上，试验研究了10kg感应炉内阀门钢、不锈钢、高锰钢粗钢液顶吹氮合金化的效果，结果表明：对阀门钢、不锈钢等，向钢液顶吹氮27－40min，可使钢液中氮含量增至其规格成分范围内，但要采取措施防止氮在钢液浇注、凝固等过程中逸出。     

固体石蜡碳糊电极示波滴定法

１引言示波滴定法是近十几年在我国迅速发展起来的一种电滴定分析方法．由于示波滴定法既具有指示剂法终点直观、测定方便的优点，又具有仪器法不受溶液颜色、沉淀的干扰，指示灵敏度高的优点，所以受到人们普遍的关注。随着示波滴定法的深入研究和广泛应用，已出现了一系列新的滴定法，如微铂电极示波计时电位滴定法，双金属电极示波电位滴定法等。作者首次提出固体石蜡碳糊电极（ＰＣＥ）示波计时电位滴定法和示波电位滴定法。以ＰＣＥ电极代替经典方法中的乘膜电极，仪器线路不变，同样可以进行示波计时电位滴定，许多物质在示波图上可产…     

贵州蕨类植物科,属检索（中）

（按上文）45（44）t绿植物;根状茎上的鳞片厚,不透明-·--··5.粉背蔽属AICuritoptCriSFb45X绿植物;根状茎上的鳞片薄而半透明……………………80.薄鳞g属LeptolepidiumShingetS.K.Wu46（4）叶下面密生绒毛;抱于囊群仅幼时为多少反卷的叶边覆盖,成熟后无盖—…………………………………·103.隐囊蔽属NotholacnaR.Br.46叶下面无浓密的黄色绒毛;羹群盖明显……………………………………………4747（4）囊群盖不连续,彼此分离呈三角形或半圆形等—……………………………………·26.碎米废属ChcilosonaTroy.47羹群盖连续,线形,偶中断…     

《大学物理学》（音像文字结合教材）现代教育技术在大学物理教学中应用研讨会纪要

经国家教委高教司[1997]74号文批准，由江苏省教委和东南大学联合主办的“《大学物理学》(音像文字结合教材)暨现代教育技术在大学物理教学中应用研讨会”于1997年12月15日至17日在南京东南大学召开，来自全国17个省、市的32所高校代表50余人出席了这次会议。     

几何光学的现代理论—光线力学

本文介绍了几何光学的最新发展，系统论述了经典光线力学和量子光线力学的基本概念，讨论了光线力学对传统几何光学和波动光学的影响及其发展前景．     

含有长程拓扑性无序螺位错晶格中因势场引起的散射态和束缚态

螺位错的长程拓扑性无序对固体中所传播的波提供特殊的介体。用这种介体研究电势对电子态的影响。作为简单的例子要使用方势阱模型。在这种介体中用相移分析法能成功地得到散射解。未微扰的波函数不是平面波而是Aharouov-Bohm方程的严格解。束缚态能级的数目和位置依赖于电子的耦合和拓扑性无序。     

铝、铜、镍三元合金系中τ相的晶体结构变迁

A thorough investigation by means of X-rays has been carried out with the purpose to determine the nature of the ternary phase τ in Al-Cu-Ni alloys. In contrast with the conventional concept of alloy phase which is characterized by a definite type of crystal structure, systematic structure changes are found in the single phase field of τ which occupies quite an extensive area in the isothermal section of the phase diagram at room temperature. There are eight types of structures altogether, all derived from a basic rhombohedron with corners occupied by Al atoms and centres either occupied by the heavy atoms or remaining vacant. The basic rhombohedron is the building stone in the crystal architecture. By transforming the basic rhombohedron into a hexagonal prism in the usual way, all structures may be considered to be built up by stacking together a number of these hexagonal prisms along the triad. The transformation of one structure into another is quite systematic in the way that the number of the stacking stories in the unit cell increases according to the order 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. The atomic arrangements in the different structures are closely related too, in the respect that they are all superstructures due to the presence of ordered vacancies in the rhombohedral centres.The principal factor controlling the formation of these structures has been fully considered. In view of the fact that the change of structure types follows closely with the content of Ni or Cu for alloys of constant Al content, the atomic size factor appears to be unimportant in the formation of these alloys. It has been shown that for alloy phases of the defect lattice type as the r-phase, the most fundamental factor is the average number of valency electrons per structural unit which is the basic rhombohedron in the present case. By assuming Hume-Rothery's valencies, the average number of valency electrons remains remarkably constant throughout the entire phase field, while the electron concentration varies with compositions. It has also been pointed out that for alloy phases where there is no unit cell change, the average number of electrons per structural unit is equivalent to the number of electrons per unit cell, and for alloy phase where there is no defect, this is in effect equivalent to the electron concentration.