一类三次系统E31的极限环与分支（Ⅰ）

通过讨论一类E13系统.x=y,.y=-x+δy+a4x3+a6xy2+a7y3的定性性质,引用微分方程几何理论,构造了正不变集,指出了系统存在正(负)无界解,同时应用Hopf分支理论及指数稳定性分析了系统的极限环存在性与不存在性.     

基于双粒度模型的中文情感特征词提取研究

为了能够快速准确地提取出海量文本信息中的情感特征词,提出从情感词语集中通过人工筛选得到种子词并对其情感强度赋值,同时,以这些种子词为基准计算出情感词语集中其他词语的情感强度值,从而得到各特征词在词语级及句子级的倾向性贡献度值。然后,将特征词在词语级、句子级这2种不同粒度情况下计算出的情感倾向性贡献度值有机结合起来,构造出基于双粒度模型的中文情感特征词提取模型。该提取方法考虑了特征词在词语级和句子级2个方面的情感倾向,使最终提取出的情感词的准确率得到了提高。实验表明,只要有一个全面的情感词典系统和一组准确恰当的种子词,提出的方法可以获得良好的准确率和召回率。     

The [2,5,12-C3B8H15]- anion, the first representative of the eleven-vertex hypho family of tricarbaboranes

In one synthetic step from the readily available 9-Me(2)SCH(2)-nido-7,8-C(2)B(9)H(11) (compound 1), the first representative of the eleven-vertex hypho family of tricarbaboranes, [2,5,12-C(3)B(8)H(15)][X] (X=[NMe4]+ or [PPh4]+) (compound 2), has been isolated in 32% yield and structurally characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and computational methods. Both [NMe4]+ or [PPh4]+ salts of anion 2 were found to undergo degradative conversion to the [hypho-6,7-C(2)B(6)H(13)]- anion (anion 3) in alkaline medium. The [PPh4]+ salt of anion 2 converted quantitatively to the [6-CH3-arachno-5,10-C(2)B(8)H(12)]- anion (anion 4) if passed through a silica column or to the neutral 5-CH3-arachno-6,9-C(2)B(8)H(13) (compound 5) on treatment of its [NMe4]+ salt with dilute HCl. Moreover, the reaction of compound 2 with [RhCl2(C(5)Me(5))]2 afforded the eleven-vertex ruthenadicarbaborane [1-C(5)Me(5)-4-CH(3)-closo-1,2,3-RhC(2)B(8)H(9)] (compound 8). All these reactions resulted in an extrusion of one of the cluster carbon atoms into an exoskeletal position.     

Reductive degradation of nido-1-CB8H12 into smaller-cage carborane systems via new monocarbaboranes [arachno-5-CB8H13](-) and closo-2-CB6H8

Treatment of the nido-1-CB8H12 (1) carborane with NaBH4 in THF at ambient temperature led to the isolation of the stable [arachno-5-CB8H13]- (2(-)), which was isolated as Na+[5-CB8H13]-.1.5 THF and PPh4 +[5-CB8H13]- in almost quantitative yield. Compound 2(-) underwent a boron-degradation reaction with concentrated hydrochloric acid to afford the arachno-4-CB7H13 (3) carborane in 70 % yield, whereas reaction between 2(-) and excess phenyl acetylene in refluxing THF gave the [closo-2-CB6H7]- (4-) in 66 % yield. Protonation of the Cs+4(-) salt with concentrated H2SO4 or CF3COOH in CH2Cl2 afforded a new, highly volatile 2-CB6H8 (4) carborane in 95 % yield, the deprotonation of which with Et3N in CH2Cl2 leads quantitatively to Et3NH+[2-CB6H7](-) (Et3NH+4(-)). Both compounds 4- and 4 can be deboronated through treatment with concentrated hydrochloric acid in CH2Cl2 to yield the carbahexaborane nido-2-CB5H9 (5) in 60 % yield. New compounds 2-, 3, and 4 were structurally characterised by the ab initio/GIAO/MP2/NMR method. The method gave superior results to those carried out using GIAO-HF when relating the calculated 11B NMR chemical shifts to experimental data.     

Polymethylated [Fe(η6-arene)2]2+ dications: methyl-group rearrangements and application of the EINS mechanism

Reactions between the methylated arenes ArMe(n) [where ArMe(n) = C(6)Me(n)H((6-n)), and n = 1-6] and FeCl(2) in heptane at 90 °C in the presence of anhydrous AlCl(3) give, for the arenes with n = 1-5, extensive isomerisations and disproportionations involving the methyl groups on the arene rings, and the formation of mixtures of [Fe(ArMe(n))(2)](2+) dications that defy separation into pure species. GC-MS studies of AlCl(3)/mesitylene and AlCl(3)/durene reactions in the absence of FeCl(2) (90 °C, 2 h) allow quantitative assessments of the rearrangements, and the EINS mechanism (electrophile-induced nucleophilic substitution) is applied to rationalise the phenomena. By contrast, ArMe(n) / FeCl(2) /AlCl(3) reactions in heptane for 24-36 h at room-temperature proceed with no rearrangements, allowing the synthesis of the complete series of pure [Fe(ArMen)](2+) cations in yields of 48-71%. The pure compounds are characterised by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and electrospray-ionization mass-spectrometry (ESI-MS), and the structures of [Fe(m-xylene)(2)][PF(6)](2) and [Fe(durene)(2)][PF(6)](2) are established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.     

Fatigue Performance of Fabrics of Stent-Grafts Supported with Z-Stents vs. Ringed Stents

Stent-grafts were commercialized rapidly and gained a broad clinical acceptance over the past two decades. However,relatively more recent recognition of particular stent-graft design shortcomings have been identified which need to be addressed. It appears that various stent-graft designs may be more or less resistant to metal fatigue and /or fabric abrasions which can lead to type III and type IV endoleaks over the long term. Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the fatigue performance of the most common stentgraft designs: Z-stents and ringed stents,in a long-term in vitro fatigue simulation environment. This paper aimed to analyze nondestructively( gross observations) and destructively( fabric characteristics,mechanical and chemical properties) in order to put forward suggestions to improve the fabric and stent characteristics that may prevent type III and IV endoleaks. The fabric supported with ringed stent-grafts remained nearly completely intact after 168h. However, the fabric supported with Z-stents demonstrated significant damage. Fabric characteristics and tensile strength of the fibers did not present a significant difference between the control and fatigue simulated specimens. The crystallinity declined for both specimens. The fatigue performance of fabrics supported with ringed stents appears to be superior to that supported with Z-stents. The potential for a dynamic and destructive interaction between the apices of Z-stents which can lead to fraying and /or tearing of the graft fabric must be addressed in future designs.     

Synthesis and rearrangements of aminosubstituted ferra- and ruthenatricarbaboranes

A room-temperature reaction between the [7-tBuNH-nido-7,8,9-C3B8H10]- anion (1a) and [Cp*RuCl]4 leads to the ruthenatricarbollide [1-Cp*-12-tBuNH-1,2,4,12-RuC3B8H10] (2) (yield 85%). Analogously, the room-temperature photochemical reaction of 1a with [CpFe(C6H6)]PF6 gives the previously reported iron complex [1-Cp-12-tBuNH-1,2,4,12-FeC3B8H10] (3) (yield 82%). Both reactions are associated with extensive polyhedral rearrangement, which occurs under very mild conditions and brings the carbon atoms to positions of maximum separation within the framework. Compounds 2 and 3 were also surprisingly obtained via complexation of the isomeric [8-tBuNH-nido-7,8,9-C3B8H10]- (1b) anion. Complex 2 rearranges further to [1-Cp*-10-tBuNH-1,2,4,10-RuC3B8H10] (4) upon refluxing in xylene (145 degrees C). Density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/SDD level were used to estimate relative stabilities of these metallacarborane isomers. Compounds 2 and 4, along with the 11-vertex closo compounds [1-Cp*-1,2,3,10-RuC3B7H10] (5) and [1-Cp*-10-tBuNH-1,2,3,10-RuC3B7H9] (6), were also isolated from the reaction between [Cp*RuCl2]2 and 1a in boiling xylene. The structure of 2 was established by an X-ray diffraction study, and the constitution of all compounds was determined unambiguously by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analyses.     

关于一类非多项式平面微分系统的极限环及分支问题

旨在讨论一类非多项式平面微分系统.通过使用Dulac准则和Bendixson准则获得极限环不存在性的充分条件,引入广义Liénard系统理论以研究极限环的存在性及稳定性,应用Hopf分岔理论证明自原点分岔出极限环的充分条件.此外,给出一个范例以验证分析和结果的有效性.     

波分复用网络中基于优先级策略的资源预约

提出了波分复用(WDM)网络中基于优先级策略的资源预约机制,旨在解决WDM网络中多任务请求同时到达的资源预约问题。该算法不仅提出双向资源预约机制,提高资源预约效率;而且,提出基于马尔可夫预约模型来计算各个任务请求的最小使用波长概率,确定各任务请求的可用资源因子;最后,结合任务请求本身特性提出总负荷因子,采用串行与并行相结合的方式,设定多任务请求资源预约优先级与波长选择模型。通过分析与仿真验证表明,相较传统预约算法,该算法对于多任务请求的资源预约效率与资源利用率的提高有很好的效果。     

基于能值理论和生态服务价值的重庆市生态GDP核算

【目的】核算重庆市生态GDP,评估经济增长GDP中资源环境的消耗成本和生态收益,以期将生态理念植入社会经济发展,为经济高质量发展政策的制定提供一定参考。【方法】采用能值分析法和生态服务单位面积价值当量表分别核算资源环境损害价值和生态服务价值,进而从GDP中减去资源环境损害价值再加上生态服务价值后剩余的GDP即为生态GDP,并将重庆市“九五”、“十五”、“十一五”及“十二五”4个规划期的生态GDP与绿色GDP、GDP进行对比分析。【结果】1)资源耗减和环境损害价值从84亿美元增至1419亿美元,资源耗减价值增长明显;2)生态服务价值从490亿美元增长至772亿美元,生态服务价值增长相对较缓慢;3)生态GDP从589亿美元增至1862亿美元。“九五”时期和“十五”时期生态GDP最大,GDP次之,绿色GDP最小;“十一五”时期和“十二五”时期GDP最大,生态GDP次之,绿色GDP最小。【结论】直辖以来重庆市经济持续增长但同时自然资源和生态环境的“透支”较大,即使在得益于一系列生态文明建设政策举措后生态服务价值持续提升下,也难以抵消资源环境损害价值,因此经济高质量发展不仅要加快生态文明建设,也要注重资源高效低耗利用。