A prototype of a high rating MRPC

Six-gap resistive plate chamber （MRPC） prototypes with semiconductive glass electrodes （bulk resistivity ～ 10^10Ω·cm） were studied for suitability in time-of-flight （TOF） applications at high rates. These studies were performed using a continuous electron beam of 800 MeV at IHEP and an X-ray machine. Time resolutions of about 100 ps and efficiencies larger than 90% were obtained for flux densities up to 28 kHz/cm^2.     

A Monte Carlo study for the shielding of γ backgrounds induced by radionuclides for CDEX

The CDEX (China Dark matter EXperiment) Collaboration will carry out a direct search for WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) using an Ultra-Low Energy Threshold High Purity Germanium (ULE-HPGe) detector at the CJPL (China JinPing deep underground Laboratory). A complex shielding system was designed to reduce backgrounds and a detailed GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation was performed to study the achievable reduction of γ rays induced by radionuclides and neutron backgrounds by D(γ,n)p reaction. Furthermore, the upper level of allowed radiopurity of shielding materials was estimated under the constraint of the expected goal. Compared with the radiopurity reported by other low-background rare-event experiments, it indicates that the shielding used in the CDEX can be made out of materials with obtainable radiopurity.     

低能量阈高纯锗探测器用于暗物质探测实验研究

一个位于韩国江原道襄阳郡地下实验室的暗物质WIMP探测实验中, 采用了低能量阈高纯锗探测器, 带有碘化铯晶体反符合探测器作为主动屏蔽体. 整个系统设置和能量标定已经完成, 并且已经积累了约155d的本底数据. 还应用外置伽玛源和中子源进行了实验, 以判断本底的来源. 介绍了数据的分析和初步结果, 并给出了实验诱人的前景.     

简单结构超表面实现波长和偏振态同时复用全息显示新方法

本文基于衍射光学设计理论,提出了仅用一种简单结构实现波长和偏振态同时复用全息显示新方法.构建了不同入射条件下超表面微元的结构参数与透过相位之间的映射关系,建立了科学的评价函数,优化得到超表面每个像素点处最优的单一结构超表面微元尺寸.仿真结果表明,本文设计的超表面实现了波长为532 nm的x线偏振光和波长为633 nm的y线偏振光入射显示不同形状字符的功能.     

Employing a Cerenkov detector for the thickness measurement of X-rays in a scattering background

The variation in environmental scattering background is a major source of systematic errors in X- ray inspection and measurement systems. As the energy of these photons consisting of environmental scattering background is much lower generally, the Cerenkov detectors having the detection threshold are likely insensitive to them and able to exclude their influence. A thickness measurement experiment is designed to verify the idea by employing a Cerenkov detector and an ionizing chamber for comparison. Furthermore, it is also found that the application of the Cerenkov detectors is helpful to exclude another systematic error from the variation of low energy components in the spectrum incident on the detector volume.     

长红外双波长共聚焦超透镜设计研究

本文提出并设计了一种由简单微元结构组成的超透镜,可同时实现长红外双波长共聚焦功能.基于广义斯涅耳定律和传输相位调制机理,通过建立科学评价函数选取最优的微元结构排列组成超透镜.设计结果表明,该超透镜实现了波长为10.6和9.3μm的双波长共聚焦,且具有较高聚焦效率、聚焦光斑接近于衍射极限,并定量分析了超透镜微元结构参数冗余度,得到其对聚焦效率的影响趋势.本文设计的超透镜有望满足长红外光学共聚焦系统集成化、微型化的需求,在激光外科手术、工业切割焊接等领域有着重要的应用价值.     

2008地下水论坛

由国家自然科学基金委地球科学部和中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质部主办,教育部批准（教外司际[2007]1222号）吉林大学承办的地下水论坛2008国际学术研讨会,于2008年6月29-30日在长春召开。国家自然科学基金委地球科学部副处长姚玉鹏博士,中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质部文东光处长,吉林大学党委副书记兼副校长韩晓峰教授、校长助理董德明教授,吉林大学环境与资源学院院长赵勇胜教授、副院长卢文喜教授等均参加本次会议并先后致辞。     

τ质量测量方案的Monte Carlo研究

在τ质量实验测量之前对多种测量方案进行了细致的Monte Carlo研究,并进行了比较.确定τ质量测量实验采用最大似然法,并给出可能的测量精度.研究了包括探测效率、束流能散等诸多因素对实验的影响,同时对实验的实现提出要求.     

τ轻子的发现——历史的追溯

 在北京正负电子对撞机上,由北京谱仪实验组完成的τ轻子质量精确测量工作被国内外一些著名科学家（包括李政道、杨振宁、丁肇中、吴大猷、周光召等）评价为近年高能物理最重要的实验成果之一。这一标志着中国高能实验物理走上本领域国际前沿的成绩,又促使τ轻子更加受到国内读者的关注和厚爱。我们愿借《现代物理知识》杂志的一角,介绍一些关于τ轻子发现和确认的若干背景知识。     

暗物质的直接实验探测

暗物质研究是21世纪粒子物理、天体物理和宇宙学最重要的前沿科学课题之一.暗物质被天文学中的引力效应所观察到,但对它的存在和认识仍旧是个谜.文章主要论述了对弱作用大质量暗物质粒子（WIMP）直接探测的基本原理、各种直接探测技术、当前的实验进展和发展方向.最后给出了最近的实验物理结果.