电子辐照诱发固态相变导致的氮化硼纳米结构生长

报道了N+离子轰击产生的氮化硼(BN)纳米结构,及在电子辐照时结构演化的高分辨透射电子显微镜的原位测定结果.应当强调的是,这种类富勒烯和发夹结构的演化,实际上是电子辐照诱发固态相变的发展,观察中发现的一些BN颗粒、卷曲物,可以被认为是类富勒烯等纳米结构形成的前体或早期阶段.提出了一种类富勒烯等结构的电子辐照动力学模型,并进行了讨论. 关键词： 氮化硼 电子辐照 透射电子显微镜 氮化硼纳米形成物     

卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃上转换发光研究

研究了卤化铅调整Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺碲酸盐玻璃的热稳定性能、Raman 光谱和上转 换发光光谱，分析了Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光 机理.结果发 现：混合卤化铅调整Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺碲酸盐玻璃具有好的热稳定性 能、低的声 子能量、强的上转换蓝光.这表明混合卤化铅调整Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺碲 酸盐玻璃是一种上转换蓝光激光器的潜在基质材料. 关键词： 氧卤碲酸盐玻璃 上转换光谱 发光机理 上转换蓝光激光器     

Incorporation Behaviour of Arsenic and Phosphorus in GaAsP／GaAs Grown by Solid Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy with a GaP Decomposition Source

The incorporation behaviour of arsenic and phosphorus in the GaAsP ternary alloy under phosphorus-rich conditions is studied based on the incorporation coefficient model and the growth diffusion model combined with the alloy composition data obtained by high resolution x-ray diffraction analysis. It is found that As adatoms have longer surface lifetime and longer migration length than those of P adatoms, which leads to an arsenic incorporation efficiency much higher than that of phosphorous. With the increase of arsenic flux, the surface lifetime of arsenic adatoms decreases due to the competition of As adatoms. The detailed analysis and discussion are given here.     

Host dependent thermal stability and frequency upconversion of Er^3＋-doped heavy metal oxyfluoride germanate glasses

The upconversion properties of Er^3＋-doped heavy metal oxyfluoride germanate glasses under 975 nm excitation have been investigated. The intense green （551 and 529 nm） and relatively weak red （657 nm） emissions corresponding to the transitions ^4S3/2→^4I15/2, ^2H11/2→^4 I15/2 and ^4F9/2 →^4I15/2, respectively, were simultaneously observed at room temperature. The content of PbF2 has an important influence on the upconversion luminescence emission. With increasing content of PbF2, the intensities of green （529 nm） and red （657 nm） emissions increase slightly, while the green emission （551 nm） increases markedly. These results suggest that PbF2 has an influence on the green （551 nm） emission more than on the green （529 nm） and red （657 nm） emissions.     

傅里叶变换红外光谱在胃癌淋巴结转移诊断中的应用研究

观察傅里叶变换红外光谱技术无创、原位、快速诊断胃癌淋巴结转移的可行性。联合使用衰减全反射探头及傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测量新鲜离体胃周淋巴结红外光谱,发现每条光谱在吸收波长3 000～1 000 cm-1之间循序出现13条谱带,依据病理检测结果将淋巴结分为转移组及非转移组,比较两组淋巴结红外光谱的峰位和相对峰强等指标结果,最后进行标准统计学分析。36例胃癌患者,共检测淋巴结720枚,其中转移性淋巴结180枚,未转移540枚;与非转移淋巴结相比,转移淋巴结红外光谱有如下特征：(1)与核酸相关的峰强比I_{1 240}/I_{1 460}(p=0.015)和I_{1 080}/I_{1 460}(p=0.034)显著升高,提示转移淋巴结细胞的核酸含量增多;(2)与蛋白相关的I_{1 640}/I_{1 460}(p=0.001)和I_{1 546}/I_{1 460}(p=0.027)峰强比值升高,表明转移淋巴结组织的蛋白质含量明显升高;(3)与脂类相关的I_{2 855}/I_{1 460}和I_{1 740}/I_{1 460}显著降低(p＜0.001),提示癌组织脂类含量相对减少;(4)I_{1 160}/I_{1 460}(p=0.023)显著降低,表明恶性细胞糖类物质的减少。研究结果显示,傅里叶变换红外光谱分析技术有望成为术中原位、在体和快速诊断胃癌淋巴结转移的新方法。     

含螺旋单元频率选择表面的宽频带强吸收复合吸波体

设计和制备了含螺旋单元频率选择表面吸波片的三层复合吸波体,上层和下层均为磁性吸波片,中间层为带缺口的螺旋单元频率选择表面.复合吸波体在总厚度分别为1.4,1.7和2.0 mm时,其反射率在-10d B以下的频带宽度分别达到了9.29,6.69和7.11 GHz,与不含有频率选择表面的吸波体相比较(其他参数相同),-10d B以下反射率带宽分别提高了159.5%,69.3%和129.4%,复合吸波体在总厚度低于吸波体时,也取得了更好的反射效果.带缺口圆螺旋单元的频率选择表面嵌入吸波体中,引入了额外的吸收频带,拓宽了吸波体的反射率频带宽度.仿真分析表明嵌入频率选择表面能够改善吸波体的阻抗匹配性,进而影响其反射率.     

近红外光谱和人工神经网络的金苦荞氨基酸快速测定

荞麦籽粒中富含谷类作物比较缺乏的赖氨酸,使其不同于其他作物,具有较高经济价值。传统氨基酸测定费时且昂贵,为满足金苦荞育种工作的需要,选用近红外光谱技术结合人工神经网络的算法建立快速检测金苦荞叶片中氨基酸含量的近红外模型。使用氨基酸含量差异较大的样品255个,扫描光谱后测定其化学值。研究发现样品苏氨酸(Thr)含量范围是5.307~14.374 mg·g-1;缬氨酸(Val)含量范围是6.137~16.204 mg·g-1;甲硫氨酸(Met)含量范围是0.308~3.049 mg·g-1;异亮氨酸(Ile)含量范围是5.259~14.134 mg·g-1;亮氨酸(Leu)含量范围是9.730~26.061 mg·g-1;苯丙氨酸(Phe)含量范围是5.936~17.223 mg·g-1;赖氨酸(Lys)含量范围是6.640~17.280 mg·g-1;谷氨酸(Glu)含量范围是10.984~27.740 mg·g-1;天冬氨酸(Asp)含量范围是6.437~17.280 mg·g-1;丝氨酸(Ser)含量范围是3.467~8.312 mg·g-1;精氨酸(Arg)含量范围是4.937~14.772 mg·g-1;丙氨酸(Ala)含量范围是3.329~6.885 mg·g-1;组氨酸(His)含量范围是1.946~4.798 mg·g-1;甘氨酸(Gly)含量范围是4.196~9.264 mg·g-1;脯氨酸(Pro)含量范围是1.024~5.672 mg·g-1;酪氨酸(Tyr)含量范围是0.176~1.173 mg·g-1;半胱氨酸(Cys)含量范围是0.422~1.926 mg·g-1。每次随机选取50个样品建设模型,以4∶1的比例随机分为训练集和测试集。数据进行归一化处理后,使用神经网络结构1102-9-1进行模型建设。利用多次学习的方式建立了较优模型,其中Arg和Asp近红外模型的仿真测试结果最好,预测值与真实值的相关系数(R2)均大于0.97,平均相对误差(RSD)也小于10%;另外Leu,Val,Tyr,Ile,Ser,Ala,Thr,His,Phe,Gly和Lys模型的R2均大于0.90,模型仿真测试数据的RSD小于10%,模型均可用;Met与Cys的模型进行仿真测试时,其预测值与真实值的R2均大于0.78,但RSD大于10%,模型不可用。结果表明,金苦荞叶片的氨基酸含量高,有极高应用价值,近红外光谱技术结合人工神经网络的分析方法可应用于金苦荞氨基酸含量的预测,为高品质荞麦育种工作提供了便利。     

Atomic structure and collision dynamics with highly charged ions

The research progresses on the investigations of atomic structure and collision dynamics with highly charged ions based on the heavy ion storage rings and electron ion beam traps in recent 20 years are reviewed. The structure part covers test of quantum electrodynamics and electron correlation in strong Coulomb field studied through dielectronic recombination spectroscopy and VUV/x-ray spectroscopy. The collision dynamics part includes charge exchange dynamics in ion-atom collisions mainly in Bohr velocity region, ion-induced fragmentation mechanisms of molecules, hydrogen-bound and van de Waals bound clusters, interference, and phase information observed in ion-atom/molecule collisions. With this achievements, two aspects of theoretical studies related to low energy and relativistic energy collisions are presented. The applications of data relevant to key atomic processes like dielectronic recombination and charge exchanges involving highly charged ions are discussed. At the end of this review, some future prospects of research related to highly charged ions are proposed.     

Equal-amplitude optical comb generation using multi-frequency phase modulation in optical fibers

<正>We theoretically analyze and experimentally demonstrate a method of generating equal-amplitude optical comb exploiting multi-frequency phase modulation.The theoretical analysis shows that 4n-1 equal-amplitude spectral lines can be obtained when the modulation signal comprises n frequency components including the fundamental frequency and the odd harmonic frequencies,and 2n+1 equal-amplitude spectral lines can be obtained when the modulation signal comprises n frequency components including the fundamental frequency and the even harmonic frequencies.Then,we numerically simulate the spectra of 5,7,9,and 11 equal-amplitude spectral lines,respectively,which are also obtained in experiments with frequency separation of 30 MHz and flatness of better than 0.3 dB.     

流道缩扩比对1+1/2对转涡轮高压动叶性能影响的研究

本文以1+1/2对转涡轮为背景,采用理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方法对某1+1/2对转涡轮高压动叶进行了优化设计.研究结果表明,流道缩扩比对高出口马赫数涡轮叶栅性能有重要影响,合理的流道缩扩比能减弱甚至消除尾缘内伸波,从而提升叶栅的性能.文中综合考虑了叶栅流道周向以及径向两个方向的扩张因素后选择了叶栅流道缩扩比,进行1+...