环保酵素对生活污水的处理效果初探

为探究环保酵素对生活污水的处理效果,以厨余垃圾为原料,制备环保酵素,并应用于实际生活污水的处理.探究了环保酵素投加量、环保酵素预处理和污泥投加比等因素对生活污水的COD、TP和NH3-N的去除效果,并考察了酵素对污水表观及活性污泥性状的影响.结果表明,添加酵素明显提升了生活污水COD去除率;添加20％酵素对污水COD去...     

Thickness Impacts of Vacancy Defects in Epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3Thin Films Using Slow Positron Beam

Thickness effects of thin La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LSMO) films on (LaAlO₃)_0:3(Sr₂AlTaO₆)_0:7 sub-strates were examined by a slow positron beam technique. Doppler-broadening line shape parameter S was measured as a function of thickness and differnt annealing conditions. Re-sults reveal there could be more than one mechanism to induce vacancy-like defects. It was found that strain-induced defects mainly influence the S value of the in situ oxygen- ambience annealing LSMO thin films and the strain could vanish still faster along with the increase of thickness, and the oxygen-deficient induced defects mainly affect the S value of post-annealing LSMO films.     

A new positron annihilation lifetime spectrometer based on DRS4 waveform digitizing board

A new simple digital positron lifetime spectrometer has been developed. It includes a DRS4 waveform digitizing board and two scintillation detectors based on the XP2020Q photomultiplier tubes and LaBr₃ scintillators. The DRS4 waveform digitizing can handle small pulses, down to few tens of millivolts, and its time scale linearity and stability are very good. The new system has reached a 206 ps time resolution, which is better than the conventional analog apparatus using the same detectors. These improvements make this spectrometer more simple and convenient in comparison with other spectrometers, and it can be applied to the other scintillation timing measurements with picosecond accuracy.     

SmFeAsO材料的正电子寿命研究

首次用正电子湮灭寿命谱仪（PALS）测量SmFeAsO多晶样品常温下的寿命谱,得到两个寿命成分1516 ps和2903 ps,根据捕获模型得到正电子在SmFeAsO中湮灭的体寿命为1870 ps,与理论计算（广义梯度近似）得到的SmFeAsO单晶中的正电子体寿命173 ps符合较好.基于中性原子叠加模型-有限差分方法(SNA-FD)的理论计算得到正电子与单晶SmFeAsO中各个原子价电子的总湮灭率是其与各个原子核心内层电子总湮灭率的106倍,正电子与Fe,As,Sm,O原子的电子湮灭的概率之比是1∶13∶12∶1.     

高浓度CO2气氛下燃煤氮、硫污染物的释放特性

采用污染物在线分析仪、气相便携红外分析仪研究了程序升温条件下改变氧化介质时煤中氮,硫的释放特性以及含硫物相的浓度变化规律,探讨了不同气氛,CO2浓度与O2浓度单独变化时对NO、SO2析出特性的影响机理.结果表明:O2/CO2燃烧气氛下NO、SO2排放峰值及总量均低于O2/N2气氛.CO2气氛下烟气中存在大量的CO,有利于NO的降解,同时也促进了烟气中其他含硫物相的形成,随着CO2浓度的增加,特别是在燃烧后期,NO、SO2的排放显著降低.O2浓度改变对NO和SO2的释放影响不同:O2浓度升高促进了SO2的析出;但是O2浓度在一定范围内增加对NO的排放并无明显影响,随着O2浓度进一步增加,NO的释放峰向低温区迁移,同时排放量降低.     

Theoretical study on the positron annihilation in Rocksalt structured magnesium oxide

Based on the atomic superposition approximation(ATSUP) and first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave methods,the bulk and Mg mono-vacancy positron lifetime of magnesium oxide were calculated using Arponen-Pajamme and Boron’ski-Nieminen positron-annihilation-rate interpolation formula respectively.The calculated values are in good agreement with experimental values and the first-principles method gives more convincing results.The positron annihilation density spectra analysis reveals that positrons mainly annihilate with valence electrons of oxygen atoms when the magnesium-vacancy appears within magnesium oxide.     

Identification of the pressure-induced phase transition of ZnSe with the positron annihilation method

This paper studies the pressure-induced phase transition between zincblende (B3) and NaCl (B1) structure ZnSe by using the hydrostatic pressure first-principles pseudopotential plane wave method. The energy-volume and enthalpy-pressure curves are employed to estimate the transition pressure. It is found that ZnSe undergoes a first-order phase transition from the B3 structure to the B1 structure at approximately 15 GPa derived from the energy-volume relation and 14 GPa based on deduction from enthalpy-pressure data. The pressure-related positron bulk lifetimes of the two ZnSe structures are calculated with the atomic superposition approximation method. In comparison with the 13.4% reduction in volume of ZnSe at the transition pressure, the positron bulk lifetime decreases more significantly and the relative value declines up to 22.3%. The results show that positron annihilation is an effective technique to identify and characterize the first-order phase transition and can give valuable information about changes in micro-scale, such as volume shrinkage and compressibility.     

Dependence of Intrinsic Defects in ZnO Films on Oxygen Fraction Studied by Positron Annihilation

Defects in ZnO films grown by radio-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering under variable ratios between oxygen and argon gas have been investigated by using the monoenergetie positron beam technique. The dominate intrinsic defects in these ZnO samples are O vacancies （Vo） and Zn interstitials （Zni） when the oxygen fraction in the O2/Ar feed gas does not exceed 70% in the processing chamber. On the other hand, zinc vacancies are preponderant in the ZnO films fabricated in richer oxygen environment. The concentration of zinc vacancies increases with the increasing O2 fraction. For the oxygen fraction 85%, the number of zinc vacancies that could trap positrons will be smaller. It is speculated that some unknown defects could shield zinc vacancies. The concentration of zinc vacancies in the ZnO films varies with the oxygen fraction in the growth chamber, which is in agreement with the results of photolurninescence spectra.     

成本法下清算性股利的核算

企业在进行长时股权投资时由于资金投资占被单位有表决权资本总额比例不同可分为权益法和成本法。本文试就成本法核算中投资收益的处理问题进行探讨,按照会计核算的配比原则,对投资企业实际投资前取得的收益部分不能作为投资收益入帐,应该作为清算性股利冲减投资成本。     

一类具有Ⅱ类功能反应的捕食系统的全局性态

本文对一类生态系统x=x(1-k1x-k2x^2)-xy/(1 ax),y=y(-δo-δ1y) γxy/(1 ax)作了全面拓扑结构分析，探讨了当此系统存在极限环时可能会出现的一些拓扑结构类型．从而改进并充实了[1]的工作．