质子微探针

一、微探针分析原理微探针是用于测量化学元素沿物体表面分布的工具,继电子微探针问世之后,又有了离子微探针［１］及质子微探针等．各种微探针分析的原理是大同小异的．如图１所示,离子（或电子）源发射出的离子（或电子）经过滤波（例如对离子或电子的能量和种类进行选择）,聚焦成微束,然后沿样品表面扫描,诱发的次级辐射再经过滤波被探测器接受,经过定量的处理,最后给出化学组成的二维分布情况或图象．离子微探针有?...     

A STUDY ON GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CONDENSATE

This paper makes an approach to the characteristics of the compound and carbon iso-topic composition of condensate in the Sichuan, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia, Dongpu and Jiyangbasins in China. The results we have obtained show that the compound properties are re-lated to the maturity. The Paraffin Index Ⅰ and the Saturated-Aromatic Index (SAI) increasegradually from the immature to mature (or over mature) condensate. and the SAI valueincrease from 2 to more than 30. The carbonisotopic composition of condensate is control-led by the type of parent matter. If the oil and condensate come from the same source rock,they will have similar carbon isotopic composition. In the same region there is an obviousdifference in carbon isotopic composition between the condensate generated from coal-bear-ing strata and that from oil-source rocks. The difference can be regarded as a parameter fordistinguishing the coal-type gas from the oil-type gas. In the same basin the carbon isotop-ic composition of the natural gas-oil-co     

天然气中氦同位素的质谱分析

本文着重介绍使用自制的装置净化天然气,净化后氦氖的组分占99%。以空气氦为标准样,采用同位素峰高比测定天然气中~2He/~4He值。当VG5400质谱计内的氦量大于4×10~(-7)cm~3·STP·He时,其灵敏度稳定,约10~(-4)A/cm~3·STP·He,17天内的~3He/~4He值精确度为1.32%。此外,简要讨论了同位素质谱峰高比测定法的条件和~(20)Ne/~4He值对~3He/~4He测量结果的影响。     

我国东部天然气中非烃及稀有气体的地球化学

从苏北、南松辽、广东三水等含油气盆地采集了15个气样,测定了氦、氩、氮同位素和CO_2的碳同位素以及甲烷碳、氢同位素。结合气体组份资料和采集区地质背景,着重讨论了非烃气体的成因和稀有气体的地球化学特征,并应用了四川、新疆、甘肃窑街煤矿等资料进行了对比。研究表明:烃类气体和非烃类气体虽储于同一储层,但在成因上常有不同。从南松辽万金塔到苏北黄桥、广东三水这三个处于华夏裂谷系地区的二氧化碳气藏及其中的氦与幔源有关,CO_2部分也可能与幔源岩浆活动有关;壳源氦与壳源氩相似,具有年代积累效应。     

在γ-γ符合测量中康普顿散射所引起的符合

本文介绍一个具有0.15微秒分辨时间,测量由盖革计数管产生的脉冲的二重符合线路。并阐述在应用这符合线路观测Zn⁶⁵ β⁺射线的湮滅符合时,观察到γ射线的康普顿散射所引起的符合。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF ISOTOPE COMPOSITION OF GASIFORM HYDROCARBON AND IDENTIFICATION OF COAL-TYPE GAS

The natural gas which forms in the course of the formation of coal in the coal-series stra-ta is called the coal-type gas. It is an important genetic type of combustible gas. This papertakes the isotope composition of carbon and hydrogen as a key factor to make an approachto the identification of the coal-type gas and the oil-type gas. According to the isotope com-position of methane carbon and hydrogen, we have divided the natural gases in differentplaces into biogas, coal gas, oil-type gas and coal-type gas. There is a mixed gas area bet-ween the coal-type gas and the oil-type gas. The conditions for the formation of the areaare comparatively complex. The overmature oil-type gas overlies the coal-type gas in distri-bution. According to our studies on oil-gas areas in the Sichuan basin and Eerdos basin,we come to know that the coal-type gas in these basins has an isotope composition of highercarbon. Its mathematic expression of δ~(13)C_1-R_0 is δ~(13)C_1‰ = 8.641 lgR_0-32. 8, representing a mod-el o     

沉积岩成烃热模拟实验产物的同位素特征及应用

对25个太熟或低熟沉积岩样的成烃热模拟实验产物(烃气、二氧化碳、油、残样)进行了碳、氢、氧同位素测定。其中,着重研究了甲烷碳同位素的热演化分馏作用。根据各类样品的δ~(13)C-R_o民回归方程进行了天然气来源判别及混合气中母气比例的计算。     

一种新的天然气成因类型——生物-热催化过渡带气

生物-热催化过渡带气是一种新的天然气成因类型。它埋藏浅(1000—2500m),气体的组份(C1/∑C1—C_5,=0.7—0.9)和同位素组成特征(δ~(13)C_1=—55—48‰)与相应层段有机质演化阶段(R。=0.25—0.6％)相符,过渡带气的形成可能与低温微催化作用、芳香烃的缩合作用等有关。过渡带气在自然界客观存在,与天然气形成新理论相一致,借鉴世界资料,它可能在天然气储量平衡表中占有重要份额。     

激光-电子非线性康普顿散射中电子的特性研究

利用单粒子理论和电子与光子非弹性碰撞模型,对激光-电子非线性康普顿散射的电子的速度进行了研究.通过理论推导得出了电子的能量变化因子的表达式,同时讨论了电子与光子碰撞后的速度.结果表明,电子与光子碰撞后的速度不仅与碰撞之前电子的速度和n光子集团的频率有关,还与电子与n光子集团入射方向与散射方向间的夹角和光子的散射角有关.