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61.
Two kinds of films were prepared to study the effect of microstructure on helium migration in Ti tritides. Both films showed different release behaviors and helium bubble distributions. In the film consisting of columnar grains, a twolayered structure was observed. Inclusions with a strip feature were found at the grain boundary, and no helium bubbles were distributed in these inclusions. However, helium preferred to migrate to the boundaries of these inclusions. Bubble linkage as a ribbon-like feature developed parallel to the film surface in the film consisting of columnar grains. More cracks were developed at the grain boundaries of the film consisting of columnar grains, although the helium content in the film consisting of columnar grains was less than that in the film consisting of equiaxed grains. A surface region with a small number of bubbles, or "depleted zone", was observed near the surface. The cracks extending to the film surface were the pathways of the critical helium released from the film. The helium migration was strongly influenced by the grain microstructure. 相似文献
62.
Ab initio calculations based on the density functional theory have been performed to investigate the migrations of hydrogen(H) and helium(He) atoms in β-phase scandium(Sc),yttrium(Y),and erbium(Er) hydrides with three different ratios of H to metal.The results show that the migration mechanisms of H and He atoms mainly depend on the crystal structures of hydrides,but their energy barriers are affected by the host-lattice in metal hydrides.The formation energies of octahedral-occupancy H(H oct) and tetrahedral vacancy(V tet) pairs are almost the same(about 1.2 eV).It is of interest to note that the migration barriers of H increase with increasing host-lattice atomic number.In addition,the results show that the favorable migration mechanism of He depends slightly on the V tet in the Sc hydride,but strongly on that in the Y and Er hydrides,which may account for different behaviours of initial He release from ScT2 and ErT2. 相似文献
63.
为了构建拟合势需要的数据库,采用密度泛函理论方法计算了六角密堆结构钇(hcp-Y)的晶格参数、弹性常数、内聚能、结构能差以及相关的点、面缺陷性质. 基于解析型键序作用势,构建了hcp-Y的多体作用势模型. hcp-Y势模型是通过拟合Y的晶格参数、弹性常数、体弹模量、内聚能、空位形成能和不同相之间的结构能差而构建.分析发现,所得到的势模型能够很好地描述hcp-Y的自填隙原子形成能、空位形成能、双空位键能以及其它体性质,同时,构建的势模型用来研究Y的热动力学性质的相关结果也比较理想. 相似文献
64.
在建立的组合电解催化交换一色谱系统(CECE—GC)上进行了含氘水的浓集与分离演示实验。通过演示实验达到以下了目的: 相似文献
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66.
采用多种电化学技术研究了在723~823 K范围内Li Cl-KCl熔盐中Gd(Ⅲ)在液态Bi电极和Bi膜电极上的电化学行为.利用开路计时电位法估算了Bi-Gd金属间化合物(Bi2Gd,Bi Gd,Bi3Gd4,Bi3Gd5)的活度、相对偏摩尔吉布斯自由能、生成吉布斯自由能、生成焓和生成熵等热力学数据.通过恒电流和恒电位电解,在液态Bi电极上制备了Bi-Gd合金,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜-能量散射谱(SEM-EDS)表征了其结构.在恒电流电解中所得金属间化合物为Bi Gd,而在恒电位电解中所得金属间化合物为Bi3Gd5. 相似文献
67.
研究Ta掺杂六方相氧化钨(hex-WO3)材料在吸附Sr2+过程中其表面zeta电位的变化情况,并进一步探讨了吸附过程的热力学及吸附机理。结果表明:(1)在实验pH值范围内,Ta掺杂hex-WO3悬浮液的zeta电位值随溶液中电解质的价态增大而增大;(2)且zeta电位随体系中离子强度的增加而增大;(3) Ta掺杂hex-WO3对Sr2+的吸附容量随着温度降低而增大,随着离子强度的增加而减少;(4)吸附过程的吸附焓为-47 kJ·mol-1,且Sr2+离子与材料表面之间主要为化学相互作用;(5) Ta掺杂hex-WO3对Sr2+吸附过程主要为材料表面吸附及材料孔道内离子交换共同作用。 相似文献
68.
在1023 K条件下,开展了Zr(IV)在KCl-MgCl2-K2ZrF6和KCl-MgCl2-K2ZrF6-ZrO2熔盐中Mo电极上的电化学实验,并获得如下结果:Zr(IV)还原为Zr(0)是通过两步反应,即Zr(IV)+ 2e- → Zr(II)和Zr(II)+2e- → Zr(0)。两个反应是准可逆的。KCl-MgCl2-K2ZrF6-ZrO2熔盐中的电极反应表明在预沉积的Zr上欠电位沉积Mg可以用来制备Mg-Zr合金。感应耦合离体子体-原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)分析结果表明,在1023 K和KCl-MgCl2-K2ZrF6-ZrO2熔盐中K2ZrF6含量在9.2%(w)条件下,恒电流电解获得的Mg-Zr合金中Zr含量可以达到7.2%(w)。并采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜-能谱仪(SEM-EPS)对合金进行表征。利用KCl、MgCl2、K2ZrF6、KF和ZrO2为原料,直接恒电流电解制备Mg-Zr合金是可行的,且在确定反应条件下实现合金中Zr含量可控;揭示了KCl-MgCl2熔盐体系可以实现Mg和Zr的共电沉积,并且验证了直接电解ZrO2获得Mg-Zr合金的可行性。 相似文献
69.
在773 K条件下,研究了La(III)在LiCl-KCl熔盐中W和Ni电极上的电化学行为。La(III)还原反应是一步三电子转移的准可逆反应;通过在Ni电极上直接电沉积La的方法可以获得La-Ni金属间化合物;恒电位电解可以获得含三种金属间化合物(LaNi5、La7Ni16和La2Ni3)的La-Ni合金层,并且通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜-能谱分析仪(SEM-EDS)确定物相并表征结构。采用开路计时电位法估算了LaNi5金属间化合物的标准生成吉布斯自由能。揭示了恒电位电解方法是制备La-Ni镀层合金以及提取熔盐中La的有效方法。 相似文献