一种新型光伏独立发电系统拓扑及控制策略

提出一种采用推挽输出的新型光伏独立发电主电路拓扑结构,系统由光伏电池阵列、充电器、蓄电池和逆变器组成.该逆变器能同时实现升压和逆变,省去了蓄电池之后的DC-DC升压部分.在简化主电路拓扑的同时,能够有效输出稳定的220 V交流电压.此外,该系统采用基于高频链SPWM调制方法及电压有效值外环、瞬时值内环的闭环控制策略.采用该系统不仅可以减小系统体积,降低系统成本,而且具有输出电压动态响应好、稳态精度高等优点.     

Fabrication and optical properties of platinum nanowire arrays on anodic aluminium oxide templates

Arrays of Pt nanowires, fabricated by electrodepositing Pt metal into nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) templates, exhibit a preferable optical absorption band in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectra and present a blueshift as the wire aspect ratio increases or its radius decreases. This type of optical property of Pt nanowire/porous alumina composites has been theoretically explored using Maxwell－Garnett (MG) effective medium theory. The MG theory, however, is only applicable to nanowires with an infinitesimally small radius relative to the wavelength of an incident light. The nanowire radius is controlled by the pore radius of the host alumina, which depends on anodizing conditions such as the selected electrolyte, anodizing time, temperature and voltage. The nanowire aspect ratios depend on the amount of Pt deposited into the nanopores of AAO films. The optical absorption properties of the arrays of Pt nanowires with diameters of 24, 55 and 90 nm have been investigated by the UV-VIS spectra, which show that the extinction maximum (λ_max) shifts to shorter wavelength side as the wire aspect ratio increases or its radius decreases. The results are qualitatively consistent with those calculated based on the MG theory.     

Periodical interfacial cracks in anisotropic elastoplastic media

By using Fourier transformation the boundary problem of periodical interfacial cracks in anisotropic elastoplastic bimaterial was transformed into a set of dual integral equations and then it was further reduced by means of definite integral transformation into a group of singular equations. Closed form of its solution was obtained and three corresponding problems of isotropic bimaterial, of a single anisotropic material and of a bimaterial of isotropy- anisotropy were treated as the specific cases. The plastic zone length of the crack tip and crack openning displacement ( COD) decline as the smaller yield limit of the two bonded materials rises, and they were also determined by crack length and the space between two neighboring cracks . In addition , COD also relates it with moduli of the materials .     

对数学本质特征的若干认识

什么是数学 ?这是任何一个数学教育工作者都应认真思考的问题 .只有对数学的本质特征有比较清晰的认识 ,才能在数学教育研究中把握正确的方向 .1　数学 ,其英文是ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃｓ,这是一个复数名词 ,“数学曾经是四门学科 :算术、几何、天文学和音乐 ,处于一种比语法、修辞和辩证法这三门学科更高的地位 .”[1 ] 自古以来 ,多数人把数学看成是一种知识体系 ,是经过严密的逻辑推理而形成的系统化的理论知识总和 ,它既反映了人们对“现实世界的空间形式和数量关系”的认识 ,又反映了人们对“可能的量的关系和形式”的认识 .数学既可以…     

复杂零件点云的高精度鲁棒配准方法

点云配准是三维测量中的关键一步,但由于零件点云表面相似特征多,误匹配概率大,导致配准结果难以保证。为此,提出了一种具有高鲁棒性、高精度的点云配准方法。首先,使用FPFH特征描述子来计算点云特征向量,产生初始匹配点对集。然后,依据具有旋转平移不变性的精确几何结构特征对初始匹配点对集进行筛选,剔除误匹配点对。最后,利用列文伯格-马夸尔特(L-M)算法计算点云之间的变换矩阵。实验结果表明,与其他方法相比,其配准精度评价指标RMSE降低80%以上,结合精配准方法可进一步将RMSE值降低86%,从结果可看出本文方法配准精度高且具有较高的鲁棒性。     

Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金的结构、磁致伸缩和M(o)ssbauer研究

系统研究了室温下Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25,0.3,0.35)合金中金属Al替代Fe对晶体结构、磁致伸缩、内禀磁致伸缩、各向异性和自旋重取向的影响.结果发现,x＜0.4时,Tb0 3Dy0 7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95完全保持MgCu2立方Laves相结构,晶格常数α随Al含量x的增加而增大.磁致伸缩测量发现,随着替代量x的增加磁致伸缩减小,x＞0.15时超磁致伸缩效应消失;x＜0.15时磁致伸缩在低场下(H≤40 kA/m)有小幅增加,高场下迅速减小,而且易趋于饱和,说明添加少量Al有助于减小磁晶各向异性.内禀磁致伸缩λ111随Al替代量x的增加大幅度降低.M(o)ssbauer效应表明,Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金的易磁化方向随成分和温度在{110}面逐渐偏离了立方晶体的主对称轴,即自旋重取向.室温下,当x=0.15时,Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金中出现了少量非磁性相;x＞0.15时,合金完全呈顺磁性;而77K温度下x=0.2时合金仍然呈磁性相.在室温和77K温度时,超精细场Hhf均随Al元素的增加而减小,而同质异能移IS随Al元素的增加而增加.     

用有限元法解热水驱油数值模拟问题

在热水驱油中，地下油藏的温度场，油、水的压力场以及它们的饱和度场均随时 间变化，并相互影响。为有效的对场变量进行数值计算。具体地建立了热水驱油的数 学模型并进行了数学处理，提出了适于迭代计算的泛函，并作了有限元离散和构造了 算法，编制了计算程序。通过一定的数值计算，说明有限元法能很好的解决油藏数值 模拟问题。     

Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金的结构、磁致伸缩和MÖssbauer研究

系统研究了室温下Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25,0.3,0.35)合金中金属Al替代Fe对晶体结构、磁致伸缩、内禀磁致伸缩、各向异性和自旋重取向的影响.结果发现,x＜0.4时,Tb0 3Dy0 7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95完全保持MgCu2立方Laves相结构,晶格常数α随Al含量x的增加而增大.磁致伸缩测量发现,随着替代量x的增加磁致伸缩减小,x＞0.15时超磁致伸缩效应消失;x＜0.15时磁致伸缩在低场下(H≤40 kA/m)有小幅增加,高场下迅速减小,而且易趋于饱和,说明添加少量Al有助于减小磁晶各向异性.内禀磁致伸缩λ111随Al替代量x的增加大幅度降低.M(o)ssbauer效应表明,Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金的易磁化方向随成分和温度在{110}面逐渐偏离了立方晶体的主对称轴,即自旋重取向.室温下,当x=0.15时,Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金中出现了少量非磁性相;x＞0.15时,合金完全呈顺磁性;而77K温度下x=0.2时合金仍然呈磁性相.在室温和77K温度时,超精细场Hhf均随Al元素的增加而减小,而同质异能移IS随Al元素的增加而增加.     

路灯将进入LED时代

美国3700万个路灯将改装LED灯以节能从散发高热量的白炽灯到高压卤化物灯,再到LED,未来的路灯也许只需要几片发光的树叶。     

Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7)(Fe_(0.9)T_(0.1))_(1.95)合金的结构、磁致伸缩和Mssbauer研究

系统研究了室温下Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe0.9T0.1)1.95(T=Mn,Fe,Co,B,Al,Ga)合金中ⅢA族金属和过渡金属元素T替代Fe对晶体结构、磁致伸缩、内禀磁致伸缩、自旋重取向的影响.结果发现,不同金属T替代Fe,Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe0.9T0.1)1.95合金具有相同的MgCu2型立方Laves相结构.ⅢA族金属B,Al,Ga替代使磁致伸缩λs下降幅度较大,同时发现Al,Ga替代使磁致伸缩容易饱和,表明Al,Ga替代可降低Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1?xTx)1.95合金的磁晶各向异性,而过渡金属Mn,Co替代Fe使Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1?xTx)1.95合金磁致伸缩λs下降幅度较小;不同替代金属元素,对内禀磁致伸缩λ111有不同的影响.M?ssbauer效应表明,Al,Ga替代使Tb0.3Dy0.7-(Fe0.9T0.1)1.95合金的易磁化方向在{110}面逐渐偏离了立方晶体的主对称轴,即自旋重取向,B,Mn,Co替代未使易磁化轴发生明显转动.