Application of Finite State Machine Theory to the Simulation of Reversed Non-Linear Hysteretic Relationships

This paper presents the application of finite state machine (FSM) theory to the programming of nonlinear hysteretic model simulation for both known and newly created rules. The complicated reversed internal paths involved in the nonlinear relationship which not only depend on material properties, but also on load history, often confuse rule creators and scholars. In this paper, we first describe the development of past hysteretic models. Then we introduce the FSM theory conceptually, and explain how it is applied to reversed and diverse routes. Next, state definitions and procedures are explained with a specific data example using the bilinear model. Finally, the successful application to UC-win/FRAME (3D) is described and several characteristics are summarized. By using FSM’s states and the linkages to represent a hysteresis model, we can quickly realize the programming of the defined complex model rules, and the nonlinear modeling becomes more efficient and feasible.     

植绒PVC管对隧道排水管防除结晶的作用研究

为了研究植绒PVC管对隧道排水管防除结晶的作用。通过在普通PVC管内壁,采用热处理,将植绒膜光滑一侧紧贴PVC管内壁,选取绒毛长度分别为0.4mm和0.8mm,在两种不同水压条件下,对比分析普通PVC管、0.4mm植绒PVC管以及0.8mm植绒PVC管结晶物变化规律,利用电镜扫描绒毛上的结晶物,分析结晶物与绒毛的粘结形态。结果表明：随着时间的增长,有植绒的PVC管结晶物重量呈先增大后减小或趋于稳定的趋势,而普通PVC管结晶物重量呈缓慢增长的趋势;对于普通PVC管而言,水流速度或者水压越大,管道内壁越不容易附着结晶物,对于植绒PVC管而言,结晶物附着的难易程度与绒毛长度有着密切关系。可见植绒PVC管对隧道排水管除结晶有一定的作用,绒毛长度应根据水流速度或者水压大小选取以充分发挥绒毛除结晶的效果。     

Mechanism of refrigeration cycle on laser cooling of solids

A simple model is developed to study the laser cooling of solids.The condition of laser cooling of a solid is developed.By using some parameters of the Yb 3＋ ion,which is most widely used in laser cooling,we then calculate the cooling power and the cooling efficiency.In order to make a more precise analysis, the effect of fluorescent reabsorption,which is unavoidable in the cooling process,is discussed using the random walk model.Taking Tm 3＋ ion as an example,we derive the average number of absorption events and determine the change in quantum efficiency due to reabsorption.Finally,we obtain the red-shift of the fluorescent wavelength and the requirement of sample dimension.     

液体变焦技术的发展与展望

介绍一种非移动式变焦技术一液体变焦技术。对国内外液体变焦技术的科研成果进行了归纳和总结,介绍了液体变焦透镜的基本原理及实现形式,分析了液体透镜的优异性能及其对光学领域的影响。根据液体变焦技术的发展现状和工程应用情况,指出液体变焦技术目前的研究重点主要应放在如何克服温度场和重力场对液体透镜性能的影响等机理研究,液体透镜的离轴系统和非对称系统的设计以及加速液体透镜的产品化等工作上。     

原子漏斗及其应用

文章简单介绍了磁、光原子漏斗的基本原理，详细综述了各种原子漏斗方案及其实验结果．这些漏斗方案主要包括采用红失谐高斯光束、蓝失谐消逝波光场和空心光束串联而成的光学原子漏斗，采用载流导线的静磁原子漏斗以及采用磁光凝胶构成的磁光原子漏斗．文章最后还简单介绍了原子漏斗在原子光学领域中的潜在应用．     

油田建设施工企业设备优化配套标准研究

本文针对油建施工企业设备不配套的具体问题，在对实际问题进行了详细的调查分析的基础之上，建立了多目标规划模型，通过运用计算机仿真求解，给出了设备优化配套标准。     

Tm3+掺杂光纤激光制冷的理论分析

近年来，掺Tm³⁺：ZBLANP玻璃已成为固体材料激光冷却领域中最有希望的新材料之一，但有关掺Tm³⁺：ZBLANP光纤的激光冷却尚未见到理论研究与实验报道.本文采用一个简单的理论模型，就Tm³⁺：ZBLANP光纤的激光冷却进行了理论研究与分析，讨论了量子效率、抽运功率、背景吸收、出射荧光波长变化和环境黑体辐射等对激光制冷效果的影响，得到了一些有趣的重要结果，可为掺Tm³⁺：ZBLANP光纤的激光冷却实验提供可靠的理论 关键词： 固体激光冷却 反斯托克斯荧光 3+：ZBLANP光纤')" href="#">掺Tm³⁺：ZBLANP光纤     

Stark Deceleration of an Effusive Molecular Beam by a Single Semi-Gaussian Beam

We propose a novel scheme to decelerate a cw precooled molecular beam by using an optical Stark decelerator, which is composed of a red-detuned cw semi-Gaussian beam. The dynamical process of the optical Stark deceleration for a cw methane molecular beam is studied by Monte Carlo simulations. It is realized that the proposed optical Stark decelerator can be used to continuously slow a cw methane molecular beam with a longitudinal temperature of 30mK, and a maximum reduction in the most probable speed of 0.388m/s （corresponding to a relative change of 9.93%） can be obtained by using a single semi-Gaussian beam with a power of 500W and a maximum central intensity of about 7.96×10^7 W/cm^2.     

采用四根单模光纤束实现消逝波原子(或分子)波导的理论分析

提出了一种利用四根亚微米单模光纤束实现冷原子(或冷分子)波导的新方案，计算了四光纤束内空心区域的消逝波光场及其光学囚禁势.研究表明这种蓝失谐的空心消逝波光场同样可用于实现冷原子(或冷分子)的激光波导，而且与传统的中空光纤原子波导方案相比，不仅简单方便，造价低廉，而且更容易实现冷原子物质波的高效单模波导. 关键词： 单模光纤 消逝波 原子(或分子)波导     

Analytic Solutions of Three-Level Dressed-Atom Model

On the basis of the dressed-atom model, the general analytic expressions for the eigenenergies, eigenstates and their optical potentials of the A-configuration three-level atom system are derived and analysed. From the calculation of dipole matrix element of different dressed states, we obtain the spontaneous-emission rates in the dressed-atom picture. We find that our general expressions of optical potentials for the three-level dressed atom can be reduced to the same as ones in previous references under the approximation of a small saturation parameter. We also analyse the dependences of the optical potentials of a three-level ^85Rb atom on the laser detuning and the dependences of spontaneous-emission rates on the radial position in the dark hollow beam, and discuss the probability (population) evolutions of dressed-atomic eigenstates in three levels in the hollow beam.