第三讲 化学稳定分子的激光减速、冷却及其MOT技术

文章首先介绍了分子激光减速和冷却的基本原理、技术方案及其最新进展,主要包括分子的选择、分子激光减速、分子激光冷却、电光冷却多原子分子等。接着简单介绍了分子磁光囚禁的基本原理、技术方案及其最新研究进展。最后,就分子"激光减速、冷却与磁光囚禁"的研究进行了简单的总结与展望。     

Micro-Gas Flow Induced Stochastic Resonance of a Nonlinear Nanomechanical Resonator

Fluidics is one of the most historic subjects that are well-established over centuries on the macroscopic scale.In recent years,fluid detection using a number of micro/nano scale devices has been achieved.However,the interaction of microfluid and solid devices on micro/nano-meter scale still lacks in-depth research.We demonstrate a practical nanomechanical detector for microfluidics via a string resonator with high Q-factor,suspended over a hole.This device is placed under a jet nozzle with several microns of diameter,and the interaction between the micro-gas flow and the resonator is observed by monitoring the variation of the fundamental frequency and the quality factor.Moreover,we manage to measure the fluctuations of the micro-gas flow on the nanomechanical resonator by means of stochastic resonance.This work manifests a potential platform for detecting dynamical fluid behaviors at microscopic scale for novel fluid physics.     

Er~(3+)掺杂玻璃腔内增强激光冷却理论分析

近年来,掺Er3+的CdF2-CdCl2-NaF-BaF2-BaCl2-ZnF2玻璃已成为固体材料激光冷却领域中新的研究材料之一.本文利用激光器输出理论和驻波腔内共振增强原理分析了该材料的两种腔内增强激光的冷却,计算结果表明腔增强可获得几十到几百倍的增强因子.此外,比较了内腔和外腔这两种增强方案,研究结果表明,当材料的吸收比较小时,特别是材料长度小于0.3 mm时,采用内腔增强方案,腔内抽运功率高,冷却材料对激光的吸收大.然而当材料的吸收比较大时,特别是材料长度大于3 mm时,外腔增强方案更具优越性.最后,根据Er3+掺杂材料制冷工作波长和功率的要求,指出腔增强实验可通过半导体激光器来实现.     

Adiabatic cooling for cold polar molecules on a chip using a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap

We propose a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip by using two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate. We calculate Stark energy structure pattern of ND3 molecules in an external electric field using the method of matrix diagonalization. We analyze how the voltages that are applied to the ring electrodes affect the depth of the efficient well and the controllability of the distance between the trap center and the surface of the chip. To obtain a better understanding, we simulate the dynamical loading and trapping processes of ND3 molecules in a ｜J, KM = ｜1,-1 state by using classical Monte–Carlo method. Our study shows that the loading efficiency of our trap can reach ～ 88%. Finally, we study the adiabatic cooling of cold molecules in our surface trap by linearly lowering the potential-well depth（i.e., lowering the trapping voltage）, and find that the temperature of the trapped ND3 molecules can be adiabatically cooled from 34.5 m K to ～ 5.8 m K when the trapping voltage is reduced from-35 k V to-3 k V.     

Electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chipElectrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chipElectrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip

We propose a simple scheme for trapping cold polar molecules in low-field seeking states on the surface of a chip by using a grounded metal plate and two finite-length charged wires that half embanked in an insulating suhstrate, calculate the electric field distributions generated by our charged-wire layout in free space and the corresponding Stark potentials for ND3 molecules, and analyze the dependence of the trapping center position on the geometric parameters. Moreover, the loading and trapping processes of cold ND3 molecules are studied by using the Monte Carlo method. Our study shows that the loading efficiency of the trap scheme can reach 11.5%, and the corresponding temperature of the trapped cold molecules is about 26.4 inK.     

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)实验及其最新进展

近年来,有关玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)的实验研究得到了快速发展,并取得了一系列重大的实验进展。本文重点介绍了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实验结果及其最新进展,主要包括具有正、负散射长度碱金属(7Li,23Na,41K,85Rb,87Rb和133Cs)原子BEC的实现,自旋极化1H原子、亚稳态4He原子和具有2个价电子的174Yb稀土原子BEC的实现,全光型BEC和微阱BEC乃至低维BEC的实现,甚至分子BEC和费米原子对的凝聚以及超冷BEC凝聚体的应用等。     

A novel controllable double-layer magnetic lattice with cold atoms

We propose a novel array of controllable double-well magnetic microtraps for cold atoms by using an array of square current-carrying wires and two additional bias magnetic fields. Arrays of double layer magneto optical traps (MOTs) and Ioffe traps can be constructed by using same wire configurations and different currents and bias fields. Furthermore, the array of double-well magnetic microtraps can be continuously evolved as an array of single-well magnetic microtraps by reducing the currents in the wires. Our study shows that our scheme can be used to realize a controllable double-layer magnetic lattice with cold atoms, to form array of Bose-Einstein condensations (BECs), or to study atom interference, and so on.     

中国古代数学史研究中的某些困境

本文探讨了中国古代数学史研究中的某些困境，指出要走出困境必须建立起正确的数学价值观。     

蔬菜加工的发展方向

当今,国内外市场先后推出许多新型蔬菜,它丰富了人们的餐桌。这种蔬菜采收后加工处理的结果是:保持鲜嫩,颇具营养,食用方便,味道可口,易于保管,且价格适中;有些新型蔬种还是利用最新技术,专门根据某种特定需要而培育出来的,它一经上市就受到广大消费者的欢迎。 电脑蔬菜:它是使用电脑自动控制培育出来的蔬菜,不受季节限制,生产周期短,产量高,品质好。它的问世,解决了城市蔬菜淡季不足的问题。 粉末蔬菜:将新鲜蔬菜用干冻的方法脱除体内水分,然后磨成粉末加入其它食料,制成蔬菜挂面、蔬     

自由运转双模He—Ne激光场g（2）（τ）的时谱特性及其可能应用

采用光场的量子理论导出了双模Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光场二阶相干度ｇ（２）（τ）的时谱公式，讨论了ｇ（２）（τ）的周期性，时谱特性和光子反相关效应，并在分析其频率调谐特性的基础上，探讨了双模激光场ｇ（２）（τ）的时谱特性在双模激光线宽△ｖＤ的测量和双模激光稳频稳幅中的可能应用。