冷分子静电曲面反射镜

分子(原子)平面反射镜作为重要的光学元件之一,被广泛应用于分子(原子)囚禁、储存、导引等实验中;但由于其仅能实现粒子纵向速度改变而在横向上没有聚焦作用,从而导致了粒子容易发散.以重氨(ND3)分子为例,提出了一种结构简洁、紧凑的微型静电曲面反射镜,通过理论计算并与Monte-Carlo模拟,验证了其在改变分子运动方向的同时能够实现横向聚束,进而大大增加反射分子数目.因此,该类反射镜可广泛用于分子操控与装载以及构成各类分子腔体等领域.     

集成原子光学及其原子芯片

随着原子激光冷却、囚禁与操控技术以及微米、纳米微电子制作技术的快速发展与不断完善,一个新兴的原子光学分支学科一“集成原子光学及其原子芯片”正在形成。本文重点介绍了集成原子光学及其原子芯片的集成方案、实验结果及其最新进展：包括表面微结构原子光学元器件、微磁结构集成原子光学、微光结构集成原子光学和微磁光结构集成原子光学及其原子芯片的设计方案与微制作技术及其最新实验结果。最后,简单总结了原子芯片的设计原则,讨论了芯片设计与研制中尚待解决的问题,并就集成原子光学的潜在应用及其未来发展作一简单展望。     

原子反射镜及其应用

原子反射镜是人们从事原子光学实验研究的重要器件之一.本文将简单综述采用冷原子磁、光操控技术发展起来的诸如消逝波原子反射镜、半高斯光束原子反射镜、周期性磁化的磁带反射镜、周期性排列的永久磁铁反射镜和载流导线磁反射镜等各种原子反射镜的基本原理、实验方案及其最新进展,并就原子反射镜在原子光学实验中的应用作一简单介绍.     

如何面向学生实际进行数学教学

克思列宁主义处理問題的方法,在于具体问題具体分析,也就是理論联系实际。理論联系实际是新教育的基本要求之一,新的教学过程是以辯証唯物主义世界观及系統的文化科学知識武裝学生的过程,教学的唯一对象是学生,因此,首先应該面向学生的实际。要联系学生实际,首先必須了解学生实际,才能使主客观一致而有效地进行教学。在数学課中,教师可以通过考試、提問、課堂練習、課外輔导、作業批改、个別談話、小型座談以及和班主任联系等方法,有計划有目的地了解学生的生活、思想、学習等各种实际,仔細分析,据以推动改进自己的教学。     

Arrays of microscopic magnetic traps for cold atoms and their applications in atom optics

A single microscopic magnetic trap for neutral atoms using planar current-carrying wires was proposed and studied theoretically by Weinstein et al.In this paper,we propose three structures of composite current-carrying wires to provide 1D,2D and 3D arrays of microscopic magnetic traps for cold alkali atoms.The spatial distributions of magnetic fields generated by these structures are calculated and the field gradient and curvature in each single microtrap are analysed.Our study shows that arrays of microscopic magnetic traps can be used to provide 1D,2D or 3D atomic magnetic lattices,and even to realize 1D,2D and 3D arrays of magneto-optical traps,and so on.     

Generations of dark hollow beams and their applications in laser cooling of atoms and all optical-type Bose－Einstein condensation

We report on a new experimental result to generate dark hollow beams by using a geometric optical method. We propose two new methods to produce focused and localized hollow laser beams by using π-phase plates. Using Monte-Carlo simulations, we have studied the Sisyphus cooling of alkali atoms in pyramidal hollow beam gravito-optical traps. We discuss some potential applications of the dark hollow beams in atom optics and the preparation of an all optically-cooled and optically-trapped atomic Bose－Einstein condensation (BEC). Our research shows that an ultracold atomic sample with a temperature of ～ 2μK can be obtained in the pyramidal hollow beam dipole trap and an all optical-type BEC may be realized in a far blue-detuned, hollow beam trap.     

Electrostatic surface guiding of cold polar molecules with a single charged wire

This paper proposes a scheme to guide cold polar molecules by using a single charged wire half embanked in an insulating substrate and a homogeneous bias electric field, which is generated by a plate capacitor composed of two infinite parallel metal plates. The spatial distributions of the electrostatic field produced by the combination of the charged wire and the plate capacitor and the corresponding Stark potentials (including dipole forces) for metastable CO molecules are calculated, the relationships between the electric field and the parameters of our charged-wire layout are analysed. It also studies the influences of the insulator on the electric field distribution and the discharge effect. This study shows that the proposed scheme can be used to guide cold polar molecules in the weak-field -- seeking states, and to form various molecule-optical elements, such as molecular funnel, molecular beam-splitters and molecule interferometer, even to construct a variety of integrated molecule-optical elements and their molecule chips.     

基于最优控制的新型非线性预测控制算法

在电站过程控制中定值调节占很大比例,控制系统的抗阶跃干扰性能非常重要。另外,基于机理模型的电站仿真机,能够模拟真实机组对运行人员进行培训。这种机理模型有很高的动、静态特性,完全可以用来作为预测模型,实现对未来时刻输出的预测。作者根据最优控制的设计思想,设计出了将模型预测控制和常规控制相结合的控制方案。此算法改善了对象特性,具有较强的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性,适用于大惯性、有自平衡能力的大多数热工控制对象,为非线性系统模型预测控制提供了一条新思路、新方法。     

Magnetic guide of cold atoms using a U-shaped current-carrying conductor

We propose a new scheme to magnetically guide cold neutral atoms using a U-shaped current carrying conductor. The spatial magnetic field distribution from the U-shaped current-carrying conductor and the relationship between the magnetic field and parameters of the U-shaped conductor are analysed. Our study shows that U-shaped current-carrying conductor can be used to realize single- or double-channel magnetic guiding of cold atoms in weak-field-seeking states and to construct various atom-optical elements. By using Monte Carlo simulations, the dynamic process of the guided atomic-beam splitting in an atomic-beam splitter composed by the U-shaped current-carrying conductor is studied, and some results are presented.     

第三讲 化学稳定分子的激光减速、冷却及其MOT技术

文章首先介绍了分子激光减速和冷却的基本原理、技术方案及其最新进展,主要包括分子的选择、分子激光减速、分子激光冷却、电光冷却多原子分子等。接着简单介绍了分子磁光囚禁的基本原理、技术方案及其最新研究进展。最后,就分子"激光减速、冷却与磁光囚禁"的研究进行了简单的总结与展望。