完全非弹性碰撞中动能损失与撞击位置关系的研究

本文通过建立简单的球杆模型,分别计算出完全非弹性碰撞中碰撞点在杆的质心和质心外两种情况下,系统总动能的变化与损失,从而得出动能损失与撞击位置及两者质量比的关系.     

Schiff碱金属配合物的合成及其抗菌活性研究进展

介绍了Schiff碱金属配合物的直接合成法、分步合成法、模板合成法、逐滴反应法、高度稀释法以及水热合成法等,综述了Ni(II)、 Cu(II)、 Co(II)、 Zr(II)等过渡金属以及Nd(III)、 Sm(III)等稀土金属等形成的Schiff碱金属配合物结构及其对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌等多种细菌的抑制作用。讨论了Schiff碱金属配合物分子设计和应用中尚存的问题,对于新型抗菌药物的研发有一定的借鉴意义。     

NO_2和HSO反应的机理及动力学研究

本文采用CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ方法构建了NO_2+HSO反应的单、三重态势能面,并对主通道速率常数进行了计算。结果表明,该反应在单[R1(HN(O)O+~1SO)、R2 (cis-HONO+~1SO)和R3 (trans-HONO+~1SO)]、三重态[R6 (HN (O)O+~3SO)、R7 (cis-HONO+~3SO)和R8 (trans-HONO+~3SO)]均存在3条抽氢反应通道,在单[R4(NO+HS(O)O)和R5(H+SO_2+NO)]、三重态[R9(HS(O) O+NO)和R10(H+SO_2+NO)]均存在两条抽氧通道,其中单重态抽氢通道R2(cis-HONO+~1SO)是NO_2+HSO反应主通道。利用传统过渡态理论(TST)并结合Wigner校正,计算了上述10条通道在200K～1000K温度范围内的速率常数。计算结果表明,NO_2+HSO反应主通道在298K时的速率常数(7.78×10-13cm3·molecule-1·s-1)与实验值(9.6×10-12cm3·molecule-1·s-1)相近。此外,水分子影响主通道R2(cis-HONO+~1SO)经历了NO_2+H_2O…HSO和NO_2+H_2O…HSO(HSO+NO_2…H_2O)两条反应通道,且两条通道的能垒分别比R2升高了49.97和20.67 kcal·mol-1,说明在实际大气环境中水分子对NO_2+HSO反应几乎没有影响。     

非晶材料与物理近期研究进展

由于结合了金属和玻璃的特性,非晶合金表现出许多新奇和优异的力学和物理性质,在很多领域具有广泛的应用前景.非晶合金具有连续可调的成分、简单无序的原子结构、丰富多变的材料性质,为研究非晶态物理中的许多共性科学问题提供了理想的模型材料.块体非晶合金的发展更是将玻璃和液体及其相关科学问题的研究推进到凝聚态物理和材料科学的研究前沿.中国科学院物理研究所极端条件物理重点实验室亚稳材料合成、结构及性能研究组(EX4组)近二十年来一直致力于非晶材料和物理的研究,在新型非晶合金的制备、物性以及相关机理的研究上取得了许多重要成果.本文介绍团队最近在非晶材料和物理机理方面取得的研究成果,包括非晶合金的动力学行为和调控、非晶合金的表面动力学、功能应用以及材料探索新方法等.     

Multiple Darboux–B?cklund transformations via truncated Painleve′ expansion and Lie point symmetry approach

For a given truncated Painleve′ expansion of an arbitrary nonlinear Painleve′ integrable system, the residue with respect to the singularity manifold is known as a nonlocal symmetry, called the residual symmetry, which is proved to be localized to Lie point symmetries for suitable prolonged systems. Taking the Korteweg–de Vries equation as an example, the n-th binary Darboux–Ba¨cklund transformation is re-obtained by the Lie point symmetry approach accompanied by the localization of the n-fold residual symmetries.     

Effect of the reagent vibration on stereodynamics of the reaction O（^1D）＋HF→F＋OH

This paper studies the influence of the reagent vibration on the reaction O(¹D)+HF → HO+F by using a quasi-classical trajectory method on the new \textitab initio ¹A' ground singlet potential energy surface (Gómez-Carrasco et al 2007 Chem. Phys. Lett. 435 188--193). The product angular distributions which reflect the vector correlation are calculated. Four polarization-dependent differential cross sections (PDDCSs) which are sensitive to many photoinitiated bimolecular reaction experiments are presented in the center of the mass frame, respectively. The differential cross section indicates that the OH product mainly tends to the forward scattering, and other PDDCSs are also influenced by the vibration levels of HF.     

Infinite series symmetry reduction solutions to the modified KdV--Burgers equation

From the point of view of approximate symmetry, the modified Korteweg--de Vries--Burgers (mKdV--Burgers) equation with weak dissipation is investigated. The symmetry of a system of the corresponding partial differential equations which approximate the perturbed mKdV--Burgers equation is constructed and the corresponding general approximate symmetry reduction is derived; thereby infinite series solutions and general formulae can be obtained. The obtained result shows that the zero-order similarity solution to the mKdV--Burgers equation satisfies the Painlevé II equation. Also, at the level of travelling wave reduction, the general solution formulae are given for any travelling wave solution of an unperturbed mKdV equation. As an illustrative example, when the zero-order tanh profile solution is chosen as an initial approximate solution, physically approximate similarity solutions are obtained recursively under the appropriate choice of parameters occurring during computation.     

微流控光学透镜阵列内芯表面的电润湿特性测量

采用特定的“导电基片／绝缘膜层”微透镜阵列内芯材料,研究其表面的介质上电润湿（EWOD）特性。利用图像采集与数据处理方法测量了0～60V电压范围内硫酸钠水溶液液滴在“不锈钢基片／Parylene绝缘层”芯片表面的接触角变化数据,通过EWOD理论模型计算得到硫酸钠溶液的表面张力值,此值与理论值相吻合。进而计算了内芯与液滴的界面张力,这种方法可用于一般固液界面张力的测量。     

对搞好金堤河防汛工作的几点看法

北金堤工程基础薄弱,工程险点隐患较多,工程欠账多,维修养护经费的严重不足导致了北金堤工程老化失修。虽然水管体制改革后,对每年上级下达北金堤工程的养护经费的数额,按照“十二五”规划五年实施来看,这些经费对于治理这些欠帐简直就是杯水车薪,建议增加北金堤养护经费投入,以保障工程完整和安全运行,发挥其应有的防洪效益。文章就如何搞好金堤河防汛工作进行了探讨。     

开拓国有企业管理创新新局面

国有企业管理创新正面临着传统文化和社会转型引发的道德危机的制约。国有企业要在管理创新上取得突破,必须从社会协调发展的角度来推进,其核心是以人为本,构建企业文化．创造优良和谐的社会发展环境,以利于广泛地塑造企业的创新型人才和激励他们的创新行为。