燃煤烟气中As、Se、Pb的形态分布及S、Cl元素对其形态分布的影响

基于化学热力学平衡分析方法，计算分析了燃煤烟气中重金属As、Se、Pb的形态分布规律，研究了S、Cl等元素对As、Se、Pb的形态分布规律的影响。结果表明，氧化性气氛下，As以As₂O₅、As₄O₆、AsO等氧化物的形式存在；Se主要以SeO₂形式存在；Pb在1000 K以下主要是固态PbSO₄，1200 K以上为气态PbO。还原性气氛下，As在较低温度时为固态As₂S₂，900-1400 K以As₂、AsS、AsN气体共存，2000 K以上全部转化为气态AsO。Se在1100 K以下主要以气态H₂Se存在，1100 K开始生成SeS和Se₂气体，1800 K时主要是气态Se和少量气态SeO；Pb在中低温时主要是PbS，1800 K以上气态Pb为主要存在形态。S在还原性气氛下增大了AsS（g）、PbS（g）、SeS（g）的比例，氧化性气氛下对As、Se、Pb形态分布基本无影响；Cl无论在氧化还是还原气氛下对As、Se影响均较小，但对Pb的形态分布影响较大。     

Indriect Determination of CTMAB with Sodium Chloride and Ammonium Thiocyanate by Floatation and Separation of Zine

A new method for indirect determination of cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB) with NaCl and NH4SCH by floatation and separation of zinc has been studied.The study shows that Zn(Ⅱ） can associate with NH4SCN and CTMAB to form insoluble ternary ion-association complex,and the precipitate can float on the surface of the liquid phase.A good linear relationship is observed between the floatation yield(E%) of Zn(Ⅱ） and the amount of CTMAB.On the ground,CTMAB Can be indirectly determined by determining E% of Zn(Ⅱ）.The results were satisfactory.     

Pulsar Spin—Down by ^3P2 superfluid Neutron with Field Decay

To describe pulsar spin-down,we present a simple combined torque model that takes into account both the standard magnetic dipole radiation and the electromagnetic radiation from the 3P2 superluid vortex neutrons inside neutron star.Using an ordinary exponential model for the magnetic field decay,we derive an analytical formulae for pulsar evolution tracks,The pulsar evolution on the P-P diagram is quite different from that of the standard magnetic dipole radiation model,especially when the superfluid torque or field decay becomes dominant.     

氘氚化锂分解残渣中微量氚的回收

氘作同位素交换气对除氚后的新鲜氘氚化锂残渣[主要成分是硅锂化合物和二氧化硅，渣中含氚约为0．9443mg／g(渣)]中的微量氚进行氚的计量与回收，为氘氚化锂残渣中氚的回收提供技术支持。     

A New Exactly Solvable Inflation Model and its Power Spectrum

We present a new exactly solvable inflation model in which inflation can stop automatically,and in the approximately de sitter limit,we give its power spectrum which can be tested in the future observations of cosmic microwave background anisotropy.     

A New High Power Microwave Source Operated at Low Magnetic Field

A new tpye of high power microwave souce operated at low magnetic filed is proposed and studied by the particle-in-cell (PIC) method.An oversized uniform backward-wave-oscillator-like structure is connected to a tapered slow-wave structure by a resonalt cavity.In this device,the electron beam current is effectively used to yield microwaves with high efficientcy,and the mode is locked in a wide range of diode voltage to reduce the requirement to the voltage wave form.The PIC siumlation results show that a peak microwave power of 2.1 GW (averaged 1.1GW) with a pure TM01 mode at 10.7GHz is radiated with 4.1GW input beam power,the frequency remains approximately the same when the diode voltage changed from 300kV to 700kV.     

工程——工程学科研究进展

本年度进行的工程设计是为保证产品在加工、装配、试验过程中能满足设计要求而进行的辅助产品的设计。开展了微细深孔钻削装置设计、装配装置设计、真空系统改进设计及振动试验夹具设计等，这些辅助产品对保证产品质量，按时地完成生产任务起到了重要作用。     

Structural Evolution of Nanostructured γ—Ni—28Fe Alloy Investigated by Using the Internal Friction Technique

The structural evolution of nanostructured γ-Ni-28Fe alloy(n-Ni-Fe)(grain size d-30nm),synthesized by the mechno-chemical method,was investigated by using the internal friction technique combined with differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) in the temperature range from 300K to 670K.An internal friction peak with typical characteristics of the first-order phase transition was observed in the vicinity of 620K,which corresponds to a broad exothermic process revealed by using DSC.Theses results can be explained as the structural changes from the disordering to the ordering transition in the n-Ni-Fe sample.     

Studies on Structure and Porperties of Water Soluble Polysaccharide from Fruiting Body of Cordyceps Militarvs(L.) Link

A water soluble crude polysaccharide has been isolated from the fruiting body of cultivated Cordyceps militarvs(L.)Link.The GC analysis indicated that it contained the monosaccharides of Gal,Man,Glc and GlcA.Their molar ratio is 1.00:1.58:7.89:0.19.The crude polysaccharide was fractionated with ethanol to get three fractions,which were CM-Ⅰand CM-Ⅲ,CM-Ⅱ was further purified to get one homogeneous fraction named CMB.The molecular weight was estimated to be 6000by means of gel filtration.CMB is a greyish white powder.The GC analysis indicated that it was composed of Gal.Man,Glc and the molar ratio is 1.00:1.38:5.10.Partial hydrolysis with an acid.periodate oxidation.Smith degradation.IR,GC and methylation analyses,GC/MS analyses were used for the structure analyses of CMB.Man,(1→6)-linked-Glc,(1→4)-linked-Glc and (1→4)-linked-Gal.Some of (1→4) -linked-Glc and all(1→4)-linked-Gal residues are substituted at 3-O and 6-O respectively,(1→4)-linked-Glc and minor(1→6)-linked-Gle.The nonreduced end is composed of Gal and Glc.The main glycosidic link of CMB is α configuration.     

An Improved Synthesis of Retinoic Acid from β-Ionone

A convenient and large-scale preparation of retinoic acid 1 from β-ionone in five steps with 38% overall yield is described.The key steps are the epoxidization of 2 with a new methylated agent and the condensation 4 with tetraethyl methylenediphophonate in one-pot procedure to prepare 6.