对大学物理设计性研究性实验教学的一些思考

本文从认知的角度论述了在大学物理实验教学中开设综合性设计性研究性实验的必要性，并对在大学物理实验教学中开展综合性设计性研究性实验教学所应注意的一些问题进行了分析和探讨。     

高分辨率空间相机的工程分析

以大型结构设计软件SolidEdge建立了高分辨率空间相机的精确的几何模型, 在此基础上用大型有限元分析软件MSC.Patran建立了相机的有限元模型, 并利用MSC/Nastran对该相机整机进行了工程分析. 其计算结果与试验结果相差10%以内.     

混沌动力学方法在等离子体尾迹流场研究中的应用

用混沌动力学方法对多道扫描静电探针的离子饱和电流信号进行分析,研究了等离子体尾迹流场.通过对相关维、Renyi熵和最大Lyapunov指数的分析,得到了近尾流场的分层结构.利用最大Lyapunov指数,观测到了在x>10D以后的远尾流场与自由流场相似.结合探针信号的自相关函数,研究流场湍流结构,发现近尾可能存在大涡拟序结构,而在远尾则没有湍流.观察到了流场具有一定的间歇特征,认为这种间歇性与湍流有关.结果还表明,混沌动力学的分析方法对信号中非周期成分十分敏感,在研究等离子体尾迹流场这一类非线性系统时,它具有明显的优越性 关键词： 混沌动力学 尾迹 等离子体湍流 静电探针     

紫外-可见光光束在TiO_2纳米颗粒胶体中的传输（英文）

紫外光诱导纳米颗粒胶体射流加工技术利用紫外光场对入射纳米颗粒的催化作用实现对工件表面材料的高效去除。为掌握紫外光诱导纳米颗粒胶体射流加工过程中紫外光束在纳米二氧化钛胶体中的传输特性,基于纳米二氧化钛胶体对紫外-可见光的吸收及散射理论,通过系列实验得到紫外-可见光束在不同浓度、吸收层厚度的二氧化钛纳米颗粒胶体中的传输特性及衰减关系。结果表明,为保证足够强度的紫外光能通过纳米二氧化钛胶体照射在工件表面,胶体浓度宜控制在500mol/m3以下,光-液耦合区胶体吸收层的厚度不宜超过20mm。     

Structural changes concurrent with ferromagnetic transition

Ferromagnetic transition has generally been considered to involve only an ordering of magnetic moment with no change in the host crystal structure or symmetry, as evidenced by a wealth of crystal structure data from conventional X-ray diffractometry (XRD). However, the existence of magnetostriction in all known ferromagnetic systems indicates that the magnetic moment is coupled to the crystal lattice; hence there is a possibility that magnetic ordering may cause a change in crystal structure. With the development of high-resolution synchrotron XRD, more and more magnetic transitions have been found to be accompanied by simultaneous structural changes. In this article, we review our recent progress in understand- ing the structural change at a ferromagnetic transition, including synchrotron XRD evidence of structural changes at the ferromagnetic transition, a phenomenological theory of crystal structure changes accompanying ferromagnetic transitions, new insight into magnetic morphotropic phase boundaries (MPB) and so on. Two intriguing implications of non-centric symmetry in the ferromagnetic phase and the first-order nature of ferromagnetic transition are also discussed here. In short, this review is intended to give a self-consistent and logical account of structural change occurring simultaneously with a ferromagnetic transition, which may provide new insight for developing highly magneto-responsive materials.     

HL-2M等离子体垂直不稳定性研究

用DⅢ-D的TokSys研究了HL-2M等离子体垂直不稳定性控制问题。使用真空室和主动线圈控制等离子体垂直不稳定性,分析了真空室的本征模和电流分布,极大简化真空室建模难度,建立了垂直不稳定性数学模型,验证了主动线圈和电源模型参数,计算了不同拉长比位形的等离子体增长率和最大可控垂直位移。利用TokSys建立了雪花、单零、双零偏滤器位形垂直不稳定仿真模型,然后通过simulink对采用PD算法的垂直不稳定系统进行仿真。结果表明,构建的模型能够较好控制不同位形的垂直不稳定性。     

基于薄膜介质线的紧凑型脉冲功率源设计与实验研究

介绍了一种基于薄膜介质线的紧凑型脉冲功率源的设计与实验,脉冲功率源系统体积约0.5 m3,输出功率大于4 GW、脉宽约150 ns。该脉冲功率源采用模块化设计,系统主要包括充电组件、薄膜介质线模块和气体火花间隙开关组三个部分。薄膜介质线储能介质为聚酰亚胺薄膜,为抑制电磁耦合以及电晕现象,匝间距选为30 mm。优化设计的三电极场畸变开关直径150 mm、高45 mm、电感值16.2 nH。为降低系统电感,薄膜介质线模块与开关间采用传输线的布线方式,中间绝缘采用聚酰亚胺膜,在2 mm间距下实现了100 kV耐压。     

Teleportation of an Arbitrary Multipartite GHZ-Class State by One EPR Pair

We present a scheme for perfectly teleporting an arbitrary and unknown N-particle GHZ-class state from a sender to a receiver. We just need one quantum channel composed of two or three particles in the maximally entangled state. The sender performs one Bell-state measurement on two of her particles and N - 1 Hadamard operations and N - 1 yon Neumann measurements on the rest N - 1 particles. The receiver adopts one corresponding unitary transformation on his particles shared with the sender. After that, the receiver can obtain the original N-particle GHZ-class state by introducing N - 1 ancillary particles and carrying out N - 1 controlled-NOT operations. We also generalize the scheme to the case of controlled teleportation.     

噪声环境中两粒子纠缠态的纠缠消相干

借助于共生纠缠度和输入输出保真度考察了初始处于纠缠态的两粒子在联合噪声环境中的消纠缠特性。结果表明：两粒子纠缠态可分为相干保持态和脆弱纠缠态，对于脆弱纠缠态分析了它们在低温条件欧姆型耗散下的纠缠消相干演化动力学。