利用光斑图像特征确定飞秒激光有效烧蚀焦距

为确定飞秒激光光束对微尺度结构的烧蚀深度,研究了给定功率条件下对应的激光束有效烧蚀焦距。提出采用激光焦点处获得的烧痕阵列图像及在离焦状态下提取烧痕图像特征,通过分析图像特征与离焦距离,获得激光束有效烧蚀焦距范围的方法。在激光束焦点附近的硅晶片表面烧蚀出斑痕阵列,向下逐渐减小焦距,采集硅晶片斑痕图像,提取斑痕平均像素面积及斑痕目标与背景之间的R分量灰度差,获得斑痕像素面积及灰度差随激光束焦距变化的曲线;向上逐渐增大焦距,提取并获得斑痕像素面积及灰度差随激光束焦距变化的曲线。结合激光束向下离焦阈值(633 μm)及向上离焦阈值(993 μm),确定20 mW输出功率条件下,飞秒激光在硅晶片材料表面的有效烧蚀深度为360 μm。采用中位值方法确定了激光束在硅晶片表面聚焦时的焦距为0.823 mm。实验表明,激光烧蚀斑痕像素面积及灰度差与激光束焦距之间的关系能够客观地反映激光束有效烧蚀焦距的变化范围。     

Analysis of dynamic features in intersecting pedestrian flows

This paper focuses on the simulation analysis of stripe formation and dynamic features of intersecting pedestrian flows.The intersecting flows consist of two streams of pedestrians and each pedestrian stream has a desired walking direction.The model adopted in the simulations is the social force model, which can reproduce the self-organization phenomena successfully. Three scenarios of different cross angles are established. The simulations confirm the empirical observations that there is a stripe formation when two streams of pedestrians intersect and the direction of the stripes is perpendicular to the sum of the directional vectors of the two streams. It can be concluded from the numerical simulation results that smaller cross angle results in higher mean speed and lower level of speed fluctuation. Moreover, the detailed pictures of pedestrians' moving behavior at intersections are given as well.     

低通量慢中子对Bi系超导体的辐照效应

本文研究低通量慢中子对Bi系超导体的辐照效应。实验结果表明:(1)Bi系超导体在适量慢中子辐照后,临界电流密度J_c和零电阻温度T_c0都有不同程度提高;(2)低通量慢中子和高通量快中子对Bi系超导体具有相似的辐照效应。 关键词：     

First-principles study on the geometric and electronic structures and phase transition of PbZr1-xTixO3 solid solutions

With first-principles virtual-crystal approximation calculations, we systematically investigate the geometric and elec- tronic structures as well as the phase transition of lead zirconate titanate (PbZr1-xTixO3 or PZT) as a function of Ti content for the whole range of 0 ≤ x Ti ≤ 1. It can be found that, with the increase of the Ti content, the PbZr1-xTixO3 solid solu- tions undergo a rhombohedral-to-tetragonal phase transition, which is consistent with the experimental results. In addition, we also show the evolution in geometric and electronic structures of rhombohedral and tetragonal PbZr1-x TixO3 with the increasing content of Ti.     

甲磺酸培氟沙星与氯冉酸的荷移反应

利用甲磺酸培氟沙星与氯冉酸在甲醇介质发生荷移反应,建立了荷移分光光度法测定甲磺酸培氟沙星含量的方法。结果表明,荷移反应生成1∶1型配合物,最大吸收波长为530nm,甲磺酸培氟沙星线性范围为2.25×10-8—3.38×10-6mol/L浓度内,回收率为98.7%—101.4%。     

封装椭圆形C70的手性纳米管的理论表征

应用第一性原理计算,研究了椭圆形的C₇₀分子在碳纳米管中的可能取向．采用(14,7)单壁纳米管为原型材料,发现纳米管和C₇₀分子的弱化学相互作用是决定分子取向的决定因素．通过模拟扫描隧道显微镜图像和计算光学性质,发现封装的椭圆体C₇₀分子的局域电子结构敏感地依赖于分子取向     

液相基质中重金属元素激光诱导击穿光谱实验参数的优化

针对混合溶液中重金属元素的激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)测量系统,为提高测量系统的检测灵敏度,以提高混合溶液中Ca和Cr金属元素LIBS光谱线强度的信噪比为目标,对LIBS测量系统中的激光脉冲能量、液相样品流速、ICCD门宽、延时等实验参数进行了优化,得到最优化参数激光脉冲能量、样品流速、ICCD门宽、延时分别为35 m J、30 ml/min、1400 ns和2400 ns,为降低LIBS技术应用于混合溶液中痕量重金属元素的检出限提供了实验参数支撑.     

Exact Solution of an Extended Hubbard Model with Electron—Lattice Interaction for an Organic Ferromagnetic Polymer

Using an exact diagonalization method,we study an extended Hubbard model with an electron-lattice interaction for an organic ferromagnetic chain with radical coupling.The result shows that the ferromagnetic ground state originates from the antiferromagnetic correlation between adjoining sites,which is enhanced by the on-site e-e repulsion.The intersite e-e repulsion induces the inhomogeneous distribution of the charge density.The dimerization is decreased by the e-e interaction and the radical coupling.The electron-lattice interaction and the radical coupling can transfer the spin density and charge density between the main chain and the radicals.     

基于伪对称序列的OFDM-PON系统载波间干扰抑制算法EI北大核心CSCD

受多种光纤非线性因素的影响,基于正交频分复用(OFDM)技术的无源光网络(PON)会受到较为严重的载波间干扰(ICI)。为了抑制OFDM-PON系统中的上述问题,构造了一种新的伪对称序列(PST),并提出将该问题转化为求解两个Toeplitz子系统,然后对其中一个子系统的解进行预处理,将其转化为另一子系统的输入,之后利用最小二乘准则对子系统求解,从而达到抑制载波间干扰的目的。在算法实现过程中,利用所构造序列的伪对称特性和快速傅里叶变换(FFT),避免了高阶矩阵直接求逆,从而提升了算法实时性。仿真结果表明,该方法不仅能够有效抑制OFDM-PON系统的载波间干扰,而且能有效提升该算法的实时性能。     

WmBn(m+n≤7)团簇结构与稳定性的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法,在LANL2DZ基组水平上优化W_mB_n(m+n≤7)团簇的几何结构,得到它们的基态构型,并对基态构型的平均结合能、二阶能量差分、能隙及WIB键级进行计算.结果表明:WB_n团簇的基态构型均是平面结构;当m≥2且m+n≥4时,除W₃B团簇外,其余团簇的基态结构均为立体结构;团簇的热力学稳定性随W原子个数的增加越来越好,W-W键的强度明显高于W-B和B-B键,W原子对团簇的稳定性起主导作用;W₂B₂和W₃B团簇最稳定.