HfO_2单层膜的吸收和激光损伤阈值测试

薄膜吸收是降低膜层激光损伤阈值的重要原因,为了研究薄膜吸收对激光损伤阈值的影响,对HfO2单层膜在1 064 nm处的吸收及其在不同波长激光辐照下的损伤阈值进行了测试和分析。研究结果表明:薄膜的激光损伤阈值由薄膜吸收平均值(决定于薄膜中缺陷的种类和数量)和吸收均匀性(决定于薄膜中缺陷的分布)共同决定;根据HfO2单层膜在1064 nm波长处的吸收值,不但可以定性判断薄膜在1 064 nm波长,而且还可以判断在其它波长激光辐照下的抗激光损伤能力。     

流动剪切对原油乳化含水率的影响及基于焓的定量表征

油水两相的乳化特性对两相流的流型和压降规律有显著影响。流动条件下的原油乳化含水率是影响油水两相流动特性的关键。针对4种原油,通过油水两相的乳化实验,研究了搅拌转速、水相比例、温度及搅拌时间对原油乳化含水率的影响。研究发现,当水相比例低于某一临界值时,在一定搅拌转速范围内会发生完全乳化现象,当水相比例高于该临界值时,只发生部分乳化。不同原油发生完全乳化的临界水相比例不同,与原油物性相关;对于非完全乳化的情况,原油乳化含水率随搅拌转速的增大而增大,随水相比例、温度的升高而减小,随搅拌时间的增加而增大;油水两相乳化过程中消耗的能量可采用比焓进行表征,不同剪切条件下的原油乳化含水率可以与比焓进行归一化关联,并且二者符合幂律关系。     

浸入式中空超滤膜在排泥水回收处理中的实验研究

针对自来水厂沉淀池的排泥水和滤池反冲洗水,采用浸入式中空超滤膜处理,产水可达到现行的国家饮用水水质标准(GB5749-85).研究表明,该工艺可将污泥浓度浓缩到2.5%,20℃时,在日常在线维护清洗情况下,可保证系统运行80 d才进行一次化学清洗,采用次氯酸钠和氢氧化钠清洗可使膜通量恢复97%.实验还得出,温度是影响膜通量的主要因素,且膜通量与温度呈线性正比关系,其线性关系为y=0.3858x 8.6396.     

正交设计优选维药恰玛古总黄酮的提取工艺

确定恰玛古总黄酮的最佳提取工艺.以乙醇为溶剂,采用索氏提取,紫外-可见分光光度法测定恰玛古中总黄酮的含量,通过稳定性、精密度和回收率实验检验了该方法的可靠性和重现性.对照品溶液和供试品液均在510nm处有最大吸收.回归方程为A=0.02054C+0.07628,r=0.9998(0-24μg·mL-1);优选的提取工艺为30倍原料重、75％乙醇、提取时间120min.平均总黄酮的含量为2.805％,平均回收率为100.88％,精密度和加样回收率的RSD分别为0.46％和2.26％.本实验操作简便,灵敏度高,结果准确,可用于恰玛古总黄酮的含量测定.     

MOCVD生长中载气H2对N掺杂ZnO性质的影响

采用MOCVD方法在石英衬底上生长ZnO。实验使用二乙基锌(DEZn)为锌源,N2O作为氧和氮源,H2作为载气。采用PL和Raman光谱方法对ZnO样品进行表征,结果表明H2的加入大幅度减少薄膜中碳的掺入,明显改善了薄膜的光学质量。采用N2O离化技术,可以进一步提高其带边峰的强度,抑制带内发光。XRD测量表明,生长的ZnO薄膜具有c轴择优取向。目前生长高质量N掺杂的p型ZnO薄膜是很困难的,而H2作为载气的加入明显改善了ZnO薄膜的光学性质,在生长过程中加入H2将为获得高质量N掺杂的p型ZnO薄膜提供一种途径。     

A new direct band gap silicon allotropeο-Si32

Silicon is a preferred material in solar cells,and most of silicon allotropes have an indirect band gap.Therefore,it is important to find new direct band gap silicon.In the present work,a new direct band gap silicon allotrope of o-Si32 is discovered.The elastic constants,elastic anisotropy,phonon spectra,and electronic structure of o-Si32 are obtained using first-principles calculations.The results show that o-Si32 is mechanically and dynamically stable and is a direct semiconductor material with a band gap of 1.261 e V.     

3 BOXES+3 BOARDS——阳光下的可变生活

<正>~~     

一类抽象脉冲积分微分方程的解

研究了Banach空间一类脉冲积分微分方程最大解、最小解的存在性及解的存在唯一性．所得结果推广和改进了文[1]的工作．     

Cu/Ni多层膜的电阻与位错

采用电桥及X射线衍射线形分析法研究磁控溅射Cu／Ni多层膜（CLI及Ni单层厚度均为5nm）的室温电阻率及平均位错密度随对层（bilayer）层数的变化规律．结果表明,随层数增加,电阻率及平均位错密度减少;多层膜电阻率大于单层膜电阻率;单层膜电阻率大于同质块状体的电阻率．并对其微观机制进行分析．     

Structural Optimization of Damping Groove Based on Valve Plate Dynamic Cavitation Response Model

To reduce cavitation occurring on valve plate of piston pump,an optimization design method was introduced to quantitively analyze the accurate relationship between structural jet groove parameters and cavitation. Using the computational fluid dynamics（ CFD） method,the absorbing and discharging processes in piston pump were simulated dynamically. The damping groove＇s structure effects on both jet angle and pressure shock were analyzed visually with a series of different parametrical grooves. By establishing parametrical damping groove model,the piston pumps＇ dynamic analysis was integrated with CFD analysis,experimental design and approximation model, etc. The mathematical model of plunger pressure during oil back period,jet angle and structural parameters of damping groove were established in the form of second-order response surface method（ RSM） model. The damping groove structure of valve plate was optimized on the basis of the RSM model. Test data shows that the anti-cavitation performance of optimized valve plate was obviously improved. And this method provides theoretical foundation for the structure design of damping groove.