二元共组装法制备无裂痕反蛋白石结构薄膜的研究

近年来,由于在光学、电学和生化等领域具有广泛的潜在应用,有序多孔反蛋白石结构薄膜的研究引起了人们的广泛关注.但是其在制备过程中常常会形成一些无法控制的缺陷,限制了这类材料的普及和实际应用.通过使用两种基质前驱体（正硅酸乙酯或丝素蛋白）与胶体小球混合共组装,探究了二元体系共组装法制备无裂痕反蛋白石结构薄膜的可行性.并用扫描电镜和可见光谱对薄膜结构进行了表征.结果表明,对于正硅酸乙酯体系,在不影响胶体小球有序排列的条件下,正硅酸乙酯在小球间的空隙中发生溶胶凝胶转变,与微球共同组装成有序致密的整体,去除微球模板后,可以得到大规模（>200 μm）无缺陷有序的反蛋白石结构薄膜.而对于大分子丝素蛋白体系,由于它和胶体小球有较强的相互作用力,会抑制胶体小球的有序组装,导致无法形成有序结构薄膜.对两种二元共组装体系进行了实验探索,实验结果不仅有助于人们了解共组装方式的适用范围,而且为设计和制备无缺陷反蛋白石薄膜提供了新的途径.     

关于用稀土改型的沸石除水中氟的研究

研究了用稀土改型的沸石在水中的除氟性能，对使用条件及除氟机理进行了研究。此种除氟剂制作工艺较简便，成本低而除氟效率高。     

SiO2纳米颗粒对电化学沉积半金属Bi膜的影响

研究了SiO2纳米颗粒对电化学沉积半金属Bi膜沉积过程和膜形貌、结构的影响。利用I-V循环扫描曲线分析了未掺与掺入SiO2纳米颗粒后薄膜沉积过程的电化学特性，应用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）对膜的微观表面形貌及相结构进行了表征。实验结果表明。加入SiO2纳米颗粒引起电沉积过程中还原电势向正电位方向移动，使Bi^3＋离子的还原沉积更容易，但不对Bi膜的溶解电位产生明显影响。加入SiO2纳米颗粒后能显著影响沉积膜的形貌，其有明显细化晶粒的效果。总之，SiO2纳米颗粒的加入及加入量显著影响Bi膜的电化学沉积过程和形貌、结构。     

2009-2010年冬春季节我国西南地区持续干旱的成因分析

2009-2010年冬春季节我国西南地区遭遇百年一遇的持续干旱,给人畜饮用水和灌溉造成极大的影响,按照正常的环流形势,西南地区尤其是贵州高原,冬春季节应该多阴雨天气.但由于全球气候变暖,改变了全球原来大气环流的规律性,使局地环流强度加强,致使南支西风(西南暖流)势力特别强大,促使昆明准静止锋和华南准静止锋东移,在2009-2010年冬春季节,我国西南地区处在单一的西南暖流控制下,造成持续干旱,而长江中下游和华南多阴雨天气的特点.     

Palladium nanoparticles/wool keratin-assisted carbon composite-modified flexible and disposable electrochemical solid-state pH sensor

Several p H-dependent processes and reactions take place in the human body;hence,the p H of body fluids is the best indicator of disturbed health conditions.However,accurate and real-time diagnosis of the p H of body fluids is complicated because of limited commercially available p H sensors.Hence,we aimed to prepare a flexible,transparent,disposable,userfriendly,and economic strip-based solid-state p H sensor using palladium nanoparticles(Pd NPs)/N-doped carbon(NC)composite material.The Pd NPs/NC composite material was synthesized using wool keratin(WK)as a precursor.The insitu prepared Pd NPs played a key role in the controlled switching of protein structure to the N-doped carbon skeleton withπ–πarrangement at the mesoscale level,which mimics the A–B type polymeric structure,and hence,is highly susceptible to H+ions.The optimized carbonization condition in the presence of Pd NPs showed that the material obtained using a modified Ag/Ag Cl reference electrode had the highest p H sensitivity with excellent stability and durability.The optimized p H sensor showed high specificity and selectivity with a sensitivity of 55 m V/p H unit and a relative standard deviation of 0.79%.This study is the first to synthesize Pd NPs using WK as a stabilizing and reducing agent.The applicability of the sensor was investigated for biological samples,namely,saliva and gastric juices.The proposed protocol and material have implications in solid-state chemistry,where biological material will be the best choice for the synthesis of materials with anticipated performance.     

Catalysis and inhibition of benzimidazole units on thermal imidization of poly(amic acid) via hydrogen bonding interactions

The effect of benzimidazole units on thermal imidizaiton was studied when they were introduced into the main chain of poly(amic acid)(PAA). The thermal imidization process of PAA-PABZ synthesized by 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride(BPDA) and 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5(6)-aminobenzimidazole(PABZ) was studied by TGA, DSC, DMA, FTIR and in situ FTIR. The results of FTIR and in situ FTIR indicate benzimidazole units act as an "in situ" catalyst to accelerate thermal imidization of PAA to polyimide(PI) when the temperature is lower than 170 °C. FTIR and 1H-NMR results demonstrate that in situ catalysis is caused by the hydrogen bonding interactions between C=N of benzimidazole and ―NH― in ―CONH― of PAA and the semi-ionization of the H in imidazole ring of benzimidazole. However, when the imidization temperature is higher than 170 °C, the thermal imidization process is inhibited. DMA and in situ FTIR results illustrate that the decreased mobility of PI-PABZ macromolecular chains and the reduced reactive ability of anhydride formed during the intramolecular breakdown of polymer chains lead to the inhibition of thermal imidization process.     

斯特林制冷机磨损和污染的特性分析

针对分置式斯特林制冷机存在的磨损和污染主要失效模式,论述了磨损特性的激振法测阻尼比试验方法和工质污染的分析方法和结果。磨损和污染的试验分析方法可用于斯特林制冷机研制时的失效模式控制。     

哈尔滨都市圈地域范围的界定及其圈层结构

本文在剖析影响哈尔滨都市圈空间发展因素的基础上，合理界定了其空间地域范围，同时对啥尔滨都市圈的圈层结构进行了分析。     

编外女警

那年秋天,晚风吹拂,暑气渐消,一朵玉兰轻巧地掠过桥栏,吻在河面上.那一抹雅致的纯白,像飞翔的乳鸽,不经意地让孙筱宁眼前一亮.站久了,孙筱宁两条腿都麻木了,汗水湿透衣裳,浑身粘粘的难受.迎着凉爽的夏风,瞥一眼河岸的白玉兰,风情万种,芳香流泻,不免心旷神怡.     

KTiOPO4晶体理论习性

为了解决复杂结构离子晶体接触能E_att计算上的困难,本文给出了按PBC(periodic bond chain)理论导出的公式,并将其编成计算机程序。应用PBC理论,从KTiOPO₄晶体结构,对其界面进行分类表明,{100},{011}为F单形;{210},{101}和{010}为较重要的S单形;而{001}单形的晶面,属K面。根据以上公式及程序对各单形E_att进行了计算,得出了各晶面的相对重要性,其结果与观测结果符合得很好。文中提出的公式 关键词：