NO在Ir(111)表面吸附与解离的第一性原理研究

本文系统研究了NO在Ir(111)表面的吸附,解离,以及可能的N_2生成机理.结果表明,顶位吸附的NO,其解离能垒较高(3.17 eV),不会发生解离,而三重Hcp和Fcc空位吸附的NO发生解离,能垒分别为1.23和1.28 eV.N_2是唯一的生成物,不会有副产物N_2O的产生.其最可能的反应路径为N和NO经过N_2O中间体而生成N_2,而不是直接N提取和N-N聚合产生N_2的机理.     

Coherent attacks on a practical quantum oblivious transfer protocol

In a recent quantum oblivious transfer protocol proposed by Nagy et al., it was proven that attacks based on individual measurements and 2-qubit entanglement can all be defeated. Later we found that 5-body entanglement-based attacks can break the protocol. Here we further tighten the security bound, by showing that the protocol is insecure against 4-body entanglement-based attacks, while being immune to 3-body entanglement-based attacks. Also, increasing the number of qubits in the protocol is useless for improving its security.     

An energy sum constraint of event mixing for Bose-Einstein correlations in reactions with ππX final states around 1 GeV

We present a new event mixing technique for measuring two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations(BEC)in reactions with only two identical bosons among three final state particles.This new mixing method contains a missing mass consistency(MMC)cut and an energy sum order(ESO)cut.Unlike the previous proposed pion energy cut,which abandons nearly half the original events,the ESO cut does not eliminate any original events and hence improves the statistics of both original events and mixed events.Numerical tests using theγp→π~0π~0p events around1 Ge V are carried out to verify the validity of the ESO cut.This cut is able to reproduce the relative momentum distribution of the original events in the absence of BEC effects.In addition,its ability to observe BEC effects is tested by an event sample in the presence of BEC effects.Simulation results show the BEC effects can be observed clearly as an enhancement in the correlation function,and the BEC parameters extracted by this event mixing cut are consistent with the input BEC parameters.     

涡旋光激光器研究进展(特邀)

涡旋光激光器能够输出具有特定空间结构的高能量、高质量的涡旋光束.涡旋光束在光通讯、光操控、超分辨成像等领域都有潜在的应用前景.本文介绍了涡旋光束的产生原理及其应用,综述了近期涡旋光激光器的发展历程,同时也对涡旋光激光器的发展趋势进行了展望.     

基于IBM Q平台的量子图像算法研究

为使量子图像处理算法在量子计算机上得到验证与发展,结合IBM量子实验平台(IBM Q)上量子计算操作与量子图像处理理论的研究,设计了一种基于IBM Q平台的量子图像分割方法.提出了一种基于新型强化量子图像表达式(NEQR)的改进型强化量子图像表达式(IEQR),并根据IEQR表达式初始化量子图像分割电路.该电路由量子比较器(QBSC)和受控旋转门(Cswap)构成.最终在IBM Q和本地经典计算机仿真两种平台下实现了2×2和4×4大小的量子图像分割,实验结果表明了该算法的可行性和有效性,并验证了量子计算机的优越性.     

利川产区显齿蛇葡萄嫩叶总黄酮成分和抗菌活性研究

采用超声波辅助乙醇溶液提取利川产区显齿蛇葡萄嫩叶总黄酮,通过液质联用高分辨电喷雾质谱(LC-HR-ESIMS)技术鉴定其组分,采用高效液相外标法测定各组分含量,运用滤纸片法测试显齿蛇葡萄嫩叶总黄酮对10株供试菌的体外抑菌活性.结果表明：从显齿蛇葡萄嫩叶总黄酮中鉴定和定量了7个黄酮组分：二氢杨梅素(18.57%)、杨梅苷(0.53%)、杨梅素(1.29%)、花旗松素(1.38%)、槲皮素(0.51%)、三叶豆苷(0.78%)、山柰酚(0.45%);显齿蛇葡萄嫩叶总黄酮对苏云金芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、溶藻弧菌有中度敏感抑制活性,其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值为1.0 mg·mL－1、2.0 mg·mL－1、2.0 mg·mL－1、1.0 mg·mL－1.     

南水西调——保护青藏高原及全球气候及生态环境的利器

 在全球变暖背景下,青藏高原也正以3倍的速度加速变暖,使原本生态环境极其脆弱的青藏高原环境问题日趋恶劣。南水西调（1995）战略计划其调水源地在生态环境极其脆弱的青藏高原,工程实施后不但可以解决新疆吐-哈盆地、塔里木盆地缺水问题,更重要是治理新疆塔里木生态环境问题,进而保护青藏高原及全球气候、生态环境。     

b值范围对6种体部扩散模型在前列腺应用的影响评估

论文研究了不同b值采集范围对6种体部扩散模型定量参数计算的影响．研究涉及扩散模型包含单指数模型(Mono)、扩散峰度成像(DKI)、体素内非相干运动模型(IVIM)、扩散拉伸指数模型(SEM)、分数微积分模型(FROC)和随机游走模型(CTRW),b值范围0～2 500 s/mm²．通过扩散模型参数之间的相关性、t检验以及前列腺病灶良恶性鉴别能力三个维度,评估了不同b值采集范围对参数计算的影响．结果显示与参考采样方案相比,随着最大b值降低,所得同一扩散参数感兴趣区域(ROI)均值的差异逐渐增大,但相关性降低不明显,且前列腺病灶良恶性的鉴别能力也保持相似水平．基于实验结果,建议在临床实践中采用b值范围为0～1 500 s/mm²的采集方案．这一方案在具备较高采集效率的同时,一半以上参数与参考采样方案结果的相关性不低于0.98,且良恶性鉴别能力指标曲线下面积(AUC)值的差别小于0.01．此外,不同扩散模型对于b值方案的敏感性存在差异,其中SEM和CTRW模型的参数受b值范围的影响相对较小．     

废弃植物油对破囊壶菌生产多不饱和脂肪酸的影响

为研究废弃植物油对破囊壶菌生产PUFA的影响, 以混合葵花籽油和橄榄油高温烹煮后的废弃油为研究对象, 比较了在常规培养基中添加植物油和废弃植物油前后破囊壶菌Thraustochy-trium sp.S-3的繁殖变化和脂肪酸组成变化. 结果表明, 添加烹调前后的植物油均能对破囊壶菌生长产生明显的促进作用, 单位体积培养基中的总脂量可增加1倍左右; 同时, 破囊壶菌的脂肪酸组成跟植物油本身的脂肪酸组成有着明显正相关, 添加废弃植物油后, 能明显增加破囊壶菌合成DHA等PUFA的能力, 同时增加了破囊壶菌中十八碳不饱和脂肪酸的含量. 研究结果对利用废弃植物油类作为碳源应用到破囊壶菌产业化生产PUFA提供了理论依据.     

Density functional theory investigation of carbon monoxide adsorption on the kaolinite(001) surface

Carbon monoxide(CO) is a gaseous pollutant with adverse effects on human health and the environment. Kaolinite is a natural mineral resource that can be used for different applications, including that it can also be used for retention of pollutant gases. The adsorption behavior of carbon monoxide molecules on the(001) surface of kaolinite was studied systematically by using density-functional theory and supercell models for a range coverage from 0.11 to 1.0 monolayers(ML). The CO adsorbed on the three-fold hollow, two-fold bridge, and one-fold top sites of the kaolinite(001) was tilted with respect to the surface. The strongest adsorbed site of carbon monoxide on the kaolinite(001) surface is the hollow site followed by the bridge and top site. The adsorption energy of CO decreased when increasing the coverage, thus indicating the lower stability of surface adsorption due to the repulsion of neighboring CO molecules. In addition to the adsorption structures and energetics, the lattice relaxation, the electronic density of states, and the different charge distribution have been investigated for different surface coverages.