基于NaYF4:Yb,Er上转换荧光纳米颗粒精准检测DNA

建立了一种利用碱基堆积原理并以上转换纳米粒子荧光作为内参的精准检测DNA的方法。该方法首先利用热分解法制备NaYF₄：Yb,Er上转换荧光纳米颗粒（upconversion nanoparticles,UCNPs）,再通过表面羧基化变性牛血清蛋白修饰后与氨基化探针核酸单链共价偶联,形成上转换荧光标记显示探针。最后再基于碱基堆积原理进行杂交检测。研究结果表明以NaYF₄：Yb,Er荧光强度为内参,根据FAM/UCNP的强度比来定量检测目标DNA浓度比单一的以报告DNA中FAM荧光强度定量检测目标DNA浓度要更为精准,有效地避免了实验中出现的人为操作和仪器误差。本方法不需要进行扩增,检测底限可达到5 nmol·L^-1,且在较大的浓度范围内有较好的线性关系,同时该方法也有着良好的特异性,能有效区分单碱基错配序列。     

分子印章法DNA芯片的合成--‖.接触压印反应在片合成寡核苷酸

研究了分子印章法DNA芯片在片合成技术中的压印化学合成过程,提出了压印偶联反应和压印脱二对甲氧基三苯基阳离子(DMT)反应合成寡核苷酸的2种方案,并对其合成产率的差异进行了比较.由于单次压印偶联反应比压印脱DMT反应合成效率高且所需时间短,故选择压印偶联反应来合成寡核苷酸及其阵列并对其工艺进行了优化.实验表明压印偶联反应的合成效率高,从第6个核苷开始偶联效率接近100%;压印2次比压印1次的偶联效率高且更均匀;压印3次及3次以上除更均匀外对偶联效率的改善不明显;玻璃载片经多次压印后对偶联反应的影响不大.用压印偶联反应的方法成功合成出20 mer的寡核苷酸探针.     

分子印章法DNA芯片的合成——Ⅱ. 接触压印反应在片合成寡核苷酸

研究了分子印章法DNA芯片在片合成技术中的压印化学合成过程, 提出了压印偶联反应和压印脱二对甲氧基三苯基阳离子(DMT)反应合成寡核苷酸的2种方案, 并对其合成产率的差异进行了比较. 由于单次压印偶联反应比压印脱DMT反应合成效率高且所需时间短, 故选择压印偶联反应来合成寡核苷酸及其阵列并对其工艺进行了优化. 实验表明压印偶联反应的合成效率高, 从第6个核苷开始偶联效率接近100%; 压印2次比压印1次的偶联效率高且更均匀; 压印3次及3次以上除更均匀外对偶联效率的改善不明显; 玻璃载片经多次压印后对偶联反应的影响不大. 用压印偶联反应的方法成功合成出20 mer的寡核苷酸探针.     

超顺磁性纳米颗粒为催化剂载体的研究*

如何结合催化剂的制备找到一条新的催化剂分离与回收途径,已成为均相催化剂以及近十年快速发展的纳米催化剂研究中的一项重要内容。近年来,基于超顺磁性纳米颗粒作为催化剂载体来制备新型纳米催化剂的工作因此受到广泛关注。利用超顺磁性纳米颗粒所提供的磁学特性进行磁分离,不仅有效地解决了分离与重复使用问题,而且因其尺度处于纳米级,保持了以上催化剂的高活性、高选择性等动力学优点。本文从超顺磁性纳米载体的制备、催化剂的制备与活性评价等角度对近几年的研究工作进行综述,并对其发展前景进行展望。     

MCM-41介孔分子筛光致发光机理的研究

乙二胺水溶液作为碱介质合成得到纯硅MCM-41母体,然后分别于813,1 073和1 323 K温度下焙烧.结果表明,813 K焙烧后的MCM-41显示最强的光致发光强度,而1 073和1 323 K焙烧的样品仅具有微弱的光致发光效应.29 Si MAS 核磁共振(NMR)结果证实了高温焙烧后硅羟基含量降低.与此同时,骨架红外(IR)谱中氧空位缺陷带消失.证实了MCM-41的光致发光强度随焙烧温度升高而下降是受硅羟基含量和氧空位缺陷带的影响.     

碳化硅纳米管的制备及表征

Silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNTs) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Methyltrichlorosilane (MTS) was selected as the SiC gaseous source and, ferrocence and thiophene as the catalyst and the cocatalyst, respectively. The influences of pyrolysis temperature, the content of catalyst and the cocatalyst, and the mole ratio between H₂ and MTS, on the shape of the pyrolysis products were investigated, respectively. The products were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD and HRTEM, respectively. Novel type of multi-walled SiCNTs, with 30～80 nm and 15～20 nm outer and inner diameters, respectively, were observed.     

基于RNA杂交的马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒检测芯片

报道了一种检测植物类病毒RNA的新方法——RNA杂交芯片技术, 即将cDNA芯片技术与RNA斑点杂交技术相结合, 将马铃薯样品的总RNA直接固定在玻片上, 用荧光标记制备检测马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒(PSTVd)的特异探针, 探针与芯片杂交后分析杂交信号以确定相应的样品有无PSTVd侵染. 参照膜杂交的方法, 确定了RNA芯片的制备条件, 并用以检测了马铃薯样品的PSTVd侵染情况, 检测结果与RT-PCR结果相符, 阳性产物经克隆测序证实为PSTVd.     

从邻苯二酚合成3,4-亚甲二氧基苯甲醇

胡椒醇;从邻苯二酚合成3;4-亚甲二氧基苯甲醇     

DNA microarray synthesis by using PDMS molecular stamp (Ⅱ)——Oligonucleotide on-chip synthesis using PDMS stamp

Based on the standard phosphoramidites chemistry protocol, two oligonucleotides synthetic routes were studied by contact stamping reactants to a modified glass slide. Route A was a contact coupling reaction, in which a nucleoside monomer was transferred and coupled to reactive groups (OH) on a substrate by spreading the nucleoside activated with tetrazole on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp. Route B was a contact detritylation, in which one nucleoside was fixed on the desired synthesis regions where dimethoxytrityl (DMT) protecting groups on the 5'-hydroxyl of the support-bound nucleoside were removed by stamping trichloroacetic acid (TCA) distributed on features on a PDMS stamp. Experiments showed that the synthetic yield and the reaction speed of route A were higher than those of route B. It was shown that 20 mer oligonucleo-tide arrays immobilized on the glass slide were successfully synthesized using the PDMS stamps, and the coupling efficiency showed no difference between the PDMS stamping and the co