Ni75Al10V15合金早期沉淀过程的原子尺度计算机模拟

基于二元合金沉淀动力学相场方程的微观离散格点形式建立三元体系模型,在倒易空间中求解方程.用此模型对实际三元Ni75Al10V15合金的早期沉淀过程进行了模拟,计算γ′有序相的成分序参数和长程序参数.结果表明:Ni75Al10V15合金中γ′相的沉淀机制为非经典形核长大,先形成非化学计量比有序相,然后才形成化学计量比有序相,其中非化学计量比有序相并非热力学意义上的亚稳相;DO22结构的非化学计量比θ有序相在γ′相界处形成,其成分和有序化程度较低,且距离相界越远,有序程度越低,θ有序畴存在两种类型:水平分布和垂直分布,和它所依附的γ′相界面取向有关;该模型无须预先设定新相结构和沉淀类型,可在原子水平模拟三元体系的两个有序相析出、成分簇聚等过程.     

红叶石楠的组织培养

对红叶石楠芽的增殖和根的分化进行了研究，实验结果表明：红叶石楠芽增殖的最佳培养基为MS＋2．0mg／LBA＋0．5mg／LKT＋0．2mg／LIBA，最佳增殖区段为基部，根的分化以NAA预处理2h和3％蔗糖浓度为佳．     

稀土改性β沸石对流化催化裂化催化剂性能的影响

以稀土改性β沸石替代质量分数为5％的REUSY作为流化催化裂化模式催化剂的活性组分，利用轻油微反活性试验和固定一流化床装置评价了其催化性能。结果表明，在流化催化裂化催化剂中加入一定量稀土改性β沸石，可以提高原料油的转化率，降低催化剂的比积炭及催化裂化汽油的烯烃含量，并能使汽油的辛烷值有所提高或保持不变。稀土改性β沸石是优良的流化催化裂化催化剂活性组分。     

Noether symmetry and conserved quantity for a Hamilton system with time delay

In this paper, the Noether symmetries and the conserved quantities for a Hamilton system with time delay are discussed. Firstly, the variational principles with time delay for the Hamilton system are given, and the Hamilton canonical equations with time delay are established. Secondly, according to the invariance of the function under the infinitesimal transformations of the group, the basic formulas for the variational of the Hamilton action with time delay are discussed,the definitions and the criteria of the Noether symmetric transformations and quasi-symmetric transformations with time delay are obtained, and the relationship between the Noether symmetry and the conserved quantity with time delay is studied. In addition, examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.     

Ablation enhancement by defocused irradiation assisted femtosecond laser fabrication of stainless alloy

We evaluate the effects of the holes geometry drilled by a femtosecond laser on a stainless alloy with various defocused irradiation time, which ranges from 0 min to 1 h. The laser ablation efficiency is increased by a factor of3 when the irradiation time is elevated from 0 to 30 min. Also, the morphology of the hole is observed by a scanning electron microscope, where the result indicates that the defocused irradiation time has a significant influence on the morphology changes. The reason for such changes is discussed based on the pretreatment effect and the confined plasma plume. As an application example, the microchannel is fabricated by a femtosecond laser combined with the defocused irradiation to demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method in fabricating functional structures.     

纳米颗粒透明分散体及其高性能有机无机复合材料

纳米颗粒分散是无机纳米材料在有机体系中应用的关键.本文提出了采用纳米颗粒液相分散体制备高度分散纳米透明有机无机复合材料的新方法,发明了超重力反应-萃取相转移方法制备纳米颗粒液相透明分散体技术,介绍了其制备原理和实施效果,以及其在纳米复合节能膜、纳米润滑油脂和高固含量光学材料等有机无机纳米复合材料中的最新研究进展.     

微波消解样品-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定焦炭灰中钾、钠含量

0.100 0g焦炭灰样品经氢氟酸-硝酸(1+3)溶液8mL消解,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其中钾和钠的含量。钾和钠的质量浓度分别在4mg.L-1及2mg.L-1以内与其吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3σ)分别为12μg.L-1及6μg.L-1。方法用于分析焦炭灰标准物质,测定值与认定值相符,钾和钠的相对标准偏差(n=11)依次在2.7%～3.8%和1.3%～3.1%之间。     

两个4-连接配位网络的锌(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成、结构和荧光性质

以5-氨基四氮唑(HATz),异烟酸(HPyc)和ZnSO4·7H2O或Zn(NO3)2·6H2O为反应物,在DMF溶剂热条件下分别得到了2个锌(Ⅱ)配位聚合物{[(CH3)2NH2]·[Zn(ATz)(SO4)]}n(1)和{[Zn(ATz)(Pyc)]·0.5DMF}n(2),并对它们的组成和结构进行了表征。配合物1是由4-连接(4,4)网络拓扑的[Zn(ATz)(SO4)]nn-二维阴离子层和[(CH3)2NH2]+阳离子间通过氢键作用形成的二维波浪层结构。配合物2则是1个二重穿插的4-连接金刚烷拓扑的三维微孔金属-有机框架结构,客体DMF分子填充在孔道内。室温下的固体荧光实验表明,在350 nm的光激发下,配合物1和2分别在为445 nm和458 nm处出现强烈的荧光发射。