离子注入诱导量子阱界面混合效应的光致荧光谱研究

采用多元芯片方法获得了一系列不同离子注入剂量的GaAsAlGaAs非对称耦合量子阱单元,通过光致荧光谱测量,研究了单纯的离子注入导致的界面混合效应.荧光光谱行为与有效质量理论计算研究表明,Al原子在异质结界面的扩散在离子注入过程中已基本完成,而热退火作用主要是去除无辐射复合中心. 关键词： 量子阱 离子注入 光致荧光谱 界面混合     

同步辐射X射线成像技术在脑成像研究中的应用

脑疾病的诊疗、 探索高级脑功能机制和理解意识本源对脑科学研究具有重要意义. 成像技术在阐明脑科学神经系统结构和功能中发挥了重要作用. 迄今, 核磁共振成像、 光学成像和电子显微镜成像技术已为脑科学研究提供了强有力的手段, 取得了突出的进展. 同步辐射X射线显微成像技术具有高分辨率、 快成像速度和高穿透深度等优点, 是一类与已有技术互补的新型脑成像技术. 本文介绍了核磁共振波谱、 光学显微镜和电子显微镜等成像方法在脑成像领域中的应用, 重点阐述了同步辐射X射线成像的优势以及在脑结构成像和功能成像中的应用. 在此基础上, 展望了同步辐射X射线成像应用于脑科学研究的未来发展方向, 讨论了该技术在绘制人脑联接图谱中的优势及可行性.     

Experiments and Models of DNA Nano—Catenary Patterns Manipulated by Liquid Flow

Individual DNA molecules were first stretched by a centrifugal force and adsorbed on a modified mica surface.Then,a liquid flow was guided across the surface along a direction perpendicular to the aligned DNA strands.Some nano-catenary-like patterns of DNA molecules were formed,which were revealed by atomic force microscopy.A physical mechanism called the “s-suspension bridge” model has been presented,by which the features of the catenary-like patterns of DNA molecules can be understood quantitatively quite well.     

核径迹孔有关的介观现象

 20世纪前期形成了以量子力学为代表的研究微观世界的科学体系.人们认识到,原子(～(?))或更小尺度范围的物质运动规律与我们日常观察到的宏观范围的物质运动规律有根本的差别.     

温差法制备纳米气泡及温度的影响

通过一系列的实验建立了利用冷水（4±0.1℃）和热水（25～40℃）进行替换即温差法制备界面纳米气泡的方法.原子力显微镜（AFM）观察显示：温差法也能在疏水的高序热解石墨（HOPG）表面上产生稳定的纳米气泡.统计结果显示：热水温度在25～38℃范围内,产生纳米气泡的数量随着热水温度的升高而增多,当热水温度为38℃左右时达到最大值,之后随着热水温度的升高反而减少;每平方微米纳米气泡气体的总体积在37℃时达到最大值;温差法也能产生纳米气层和双层结构,其性质与前人发现的一致.     

用长气体靶研究22Na+α共振散射

在日本东京大学CRIB 次级束装置上,用长气体靶开展了22Na+ α共振散射的厚靶实验研究。针对长气体靶实验中的两体运动学重构问题,提出了一套包括构建空间复杂几何关系、计算能量损失以及反应运动学的逐事件分析方法;对22Na+α共振散射的实验数据进行了重构分析,得到了E_c.m. = 4.2 ~ 5.4 MeV 区间22Na( α,α ) 的激发函数,从实验的激发函数中观测到了复合核26Al 5 个较为明显的共振峰。鉴于26Al 共振态的衰变模式比较复杂,本工作发现的26Al新共振态的能级性质有待进一步的理论分析。The 22Na+α resonant scattering is studied via a conventional thick target inverse kinematic method with an extended gas target. A data analysis method is proposed for the two-body reaction kinematic reconstruction, in which the spatial geometry, the reaction kinematics and the energy losses are considered. The experimental data of 22Na+ αresonant scattering have been thus reconstructed, and the excitation function is obtained in the energy interval of Ec.m. =4.2~5.4 MeV. Five resonant states in 26Al are observed in the experimental excitation function. Since several decay modes coexist for the observed 26Al resonant states, multi-channel theoretical analysis is thus needed to reveal their structure and decay features.     

Adsorption of sodium ions and hydrated sodium ions on a hydrophobic graphite surface via cation-π interactions

Using density functional theory computation, we show that sodium ions and hydrated sodium ions can be strongly adsorbed onto a hydrophobic graphite surface via cation-π interactions. The key to this cation-π interaction is the coupling of the delocalized π states of graphite and the empty orbitals of sodium ions. This finding implies that the property of the graphite surface is extremely dependent on the existence of the ions on the surface, suggesting that the hydrophobic property of the graphite surface may be affected by the existence of the sodium ions.     

Nanobubbles produced by hydraulic air compression technique

The anoxia of coastal water has already been a serious problem all over the word. Nanobubbles are proved to have great applications in water remediation because they could effectively increase the oxygen content and degrade organic matters in water. But the existing methods to produce nanobubbles are complicated and high cost to operate, especially in deep sea. In this paper, we presented a low-cost method, hydraulic air compression (HAC), to produce a large number of nanobubbles and proved that nanoscale gas bubbles could be produced by HAC for the first time. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to measure the size and concentration of produced nanobubbles. It indicated that the concentration of nanobubbles would increase as the downpipe height increases. Degassed measurements proved that produced “nanoparticles” are gas nanobubbles indeed. More dissolved oxygen in water would provide the source for larger number of nanobubble formation. Those results are expected to be very helpful for water remediation in ocean in the future.     

一个描述GAV-9肽在不同pH值环境下界面水层中自组装行为的模型

pH值在很多生物过程中起到了重要作用,不仅在溶液中,在界面环境中也是如此.研究了GAV-9肽在酸性和碱性氛围下界面水层中的自组装行为.发现GAV-9肽在酸性氛围下自组装得到有序的纳米细丝,但在碱性氛围下自组装得到无序的纳米片层.此外,体相实验显示,GAV-9肽在中性和碱性溶液中自组装得到有序的纳米细丝,但在酸性溶液中未在云母表面吸附.基于此结论,提出以下模型:在中性和酸性氛围下,GAV-9肽是在固液界面上进行自组装的;在碱性氛围下,GAV-9肽是在气液界面上进行自组装的.     

人体β-珠蛋白基因5′-旁侧DNA序列内的负调控区域1(NCR1)与HMG蛋白质(1+2)的相互作用

利用分子生物学技术和扫描隧道显微镜方法首次观察到HMG蛋白质(1+2)和人体β-珠蛋白基因的5′-旁侧DNA序列内的一个负调控区域(NCR1)相互作用的构象,这类蛋白质能将线状的DNA片段(～200bp)折叠起来,形成一个环状结构(直径70±6A)和°一条似乎呈现左手螺旋(z-from)的线状DNA尾巴。