气相外延GaN的拉曼散射

测量了在蓝宝石衬底上气相外延生长GaN的拉曼散射谱.除观察到已被确认的两个E2,一个A1(TO)和一个E1(TO)声于振动以外,在734±3cm-1处观察到一个散射峰且从实验上确认其为GaN的纵向光学声子模E1(LO).而且发现其强度与外延层晶体质量密切相关.A1(TO)和高频E2散射峰相对强度变化显示不同生长条件引起的外延层质量的变化.     

YAG激光器电源节能技术与机器寿命的研究

在研究连续光泵浦YAG激光器电源特性及光学泵浦用氪灯特性的基础上,设计出新的电源,使连续光泵浦YAG激光器总的能耗下降43%,无故障寿命延长一倍,对连续光泵浦YAG激光器广泛推广应用具有重大的实用意义。     

多模光纤束斑纹场的某些特性

本文研究多模光纤束斑纹场经透镜后的光场特性以及两种有应用价值的斑纹场实验。     

在自适应滤波器中干扰信号检测算法的研究

本文针对自适应滤波器性能易受外部干扰的影响,提出了一种基于自适滤波器进行干扰信号检测(AFDI)的算法,它可以提高自适应算法的抗噪声性能。最后对该算法在强干扰环境的性能进行了模拟,结果表明其各方面的性能指标均优于传统结构的自适应滤波器。     

光纤放大器的放大及噪声特性的量子分析

本文利用热库理论推导出N个稀土离子和单模场相互作用的约化密度算符的主方程,从而得了光纤放大器的光子放大方程,同时,对集总式光纤放大器的量子噪声也进行了研究,发现理想的光纤放大器可以达到了量子噪声极限。若考虑探测器中光电子的离散特性,最小的噪声因子为2,即3dB。     

变容二极管C-V特性的控制技术

本文针对变容二极管生产难点：C－V曲线的控制,在理论上分析了PN结纵横向结构对PN结C－V特性、串联电阻、反向电流的影响,得出了适当减小芯片面积,调高杂质浓度可以不增大串联电阻而减小反向电流、改善C－V特性的结论,并应用于生产。     

Mussel‐Inspired Hydrogels for Self‐Adhesive Bioelectronics

Wearable and implantable bioelectronics are receiving a great deal of attention because they offer huge promise in personalized healthcare. Currently available bioelectronics generally rely on external aids to form an attachment to the human body, which leads to unstable performance in practical applications. Self‐adhesive bioelectronics are highly desirable for ameliorating these concerns by offering reliable and conformal contact with tissue, and stability and fidelity in the signal detection. However, achieving adequate and long‐term self‐adhesion to soft and wet biological tissues has been a daunting challenge. Recently, mussel‐inspired hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates for the design of self‐adhesive bioelectronics. In addition to self‐adhesiveness, the mussel‐inspired chemistry offers a unique pathway for integrating multiple functional properties to all‐in‐one bioelectronic devices, which have great implications for healthcare applications. In this report, the recent progress in the area of mussel‐inspired self‐adhesive bioelectronics is highlighted by specifically discussing: 1) adhesion mechanism of mussels, 2) mussel‐inspired hydrogels with long‐term and repeatable adhesion, 3) the recent advance in development of hydrogel bioelectronics by reconciling self‐adhesiveness and additional properties including conductivity, toughness, transparency, self‐healing, antibacterial properties, and tolerance to extreme environment, and 4) the challenges and prospects for the future design of the mussel‐inspired self‐adhesive bioelectronics.     

High‐Power Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by High‐Concentration Acetonitrile‐Based Electrolytes with Vinylene Carbonate Additive

To enable next‐generation high‐power, high‐energy‐density lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs), an electrolyte possessing both high Li Coulombic efficiency (CE) at a high rate and good anodic stability on cathodes is critical. Acetonitrile (AN) is a well‐known organic solvent for high anodic stability and high ionic conductivity, yet its application in LMBs is limited due to its poor compatibility with Li metal anodes even at high salt concentration conditions. Here, a highly concentrated AN‐based electrolyte is developed with a vinylene carbonate (VC) additive to suppress Li⁺ depletion at high current densities. Addition of VC to the AN‐based electrolyte leads to the formation of a polycarbonate‐based solid electrolyte interphase, which minimizes Li corrosion and leads to a very high Li CE of up to 99.2% at a current density of 0.2 mA cm^‐2. Using such an electrolyte, fast charging of Li||NMC333 cells is realized at a high current density of 3.6 mA cm^‐2, and stable cycling of Li||NMC622 cells with a high cathode loading of 4 mAh cm^‐2 is also demonstrated.     

Ultrasoft Liquid Metal Elastomer Foams with Positive and Negative Piezopermittivity for Tactile Sensing

Soft, capacitive tactile (pressure) sensors are important for applications including human–machine interfaces, soft robots, and electronic skins. Such capacitors consist of two electrodes separated by a soft dielectric. Pressing the capacitor brings the electrodes closer together and thereby increases capacitance. Thus, sensitivity to a given force is maximized by using dielectric materials that are soft and have a high dielectric constant, yet such properties are often in conflict with each other. Here, a liquid metal elastomer foam (LMEF) is introduced that is extremely soft (elastic modulus 7.8 kPa), highly compressible (70% strain), and has a high permittivity. Compressing the LMEF displaces the air in the foam structure, increasing the permittivity over a large range (5.6–11.7). This is called “positive piezopermittivity.” Interestingly, it is discovered that the permittivity of such materials decreases (“negative piezopermittivity”) when compressed to large strain due to the geometric deformation of the liquid metal droplets. This mechanism is theoretically confirmed via electromagnetic theory, and finite element simulation. Using these materials, a soft tactile sensor with high sensitivity, high initial capacitance, and large capacitance change is demonstrated. In addition, a tactile sensor powered wirelessly (from 3 m away) with high power conversion efficiency (84%) is demonstrated.     

智能反射面辅助的无人机无线携能通信网络吞吐量最大化算法研究

为了解决城市场景中无人机(UAV)与地面终端设备(GUs)间易受到障碍物阻挡的问题,该文提出一种基于智能反射面(IRS)辅助的UAV供能通信网络吞吐量最大化算法。首先,在满足能量因果、IRS相移、UAV移动性等约束条件下,建立了一个联合IRS相移设计、GU无线资源分配、UAV飞行轨迹设计的多变量耦合优化模型。其次,通过快坐标下降法(BCD)将原非凸问题转换为3个易于处理的子问题,并通过三角不等式、引入松弛变量、连续凸近似(SCA)等方法,对子问题进行转化求解。仿真结果表明,该文所提算法具有较好的收敛性,同时可有效提高系统总吞吐量。