Locally Welded Silver Nano‐Network Transparent Electrodes with High Operational Stability by a Simple Alcohol‐Based Chemical Approach

As an indispensable aspect of emerging flexible optoelectronics, flexible transparent electrodes, especially those comprised of metal nanowires, have attracted great attentions recently. Welding the nanowire junctions is an effective strategy for reducing the sheet resistance and improving the operational stability of flexible nanowire electrode in practical applications. Herein, a simple alcohol‐based solution approach is proposed to weld crossed silver nanowires by chemically growing silver “solder” at the junctions of the nanowires, forming transparent silver nano‐network electrodes with improved electrical conductivity and operational stability. Remarkably, silver nano‐networks can be rapidly formed by this simple approach under ambient condition and room temperature, requiring no assistance from heat, light, electrical current, or mechanical pressure. Furthermore, our results show that the nano‐network electrode formed from large diameter nanowires offers a better operational stability, whose trend is opposite to that of the untreated electrodes. To demonstrate the potential application of the highly stable silver nano‐network from large diameter nanowires, organic solar cells fabricated on the nano‐network electrode incorporated with silicon dioxide nanoparticles achieve comparable performance to the ITO control device. Consequently, strategy demonstrated in this work can contribute to low‐cost and highly stable transparent electrodes in emerging flexible optoelectronics.     

The Effect of Growth Pressure and Growth Rate on the Properties of Mg-Doped GaN

In this work, the effects of growth pressure and growth rate on electrical and structural properties of Mg-doped GaN were investigated. It has been shown that enhanced growth rates induced by higher growth pressures may lead to decreased structural and electrical properties of p-type GaN layers. If the growth rate is kept unchanged, higher growth pressures will be beneficial for the quality of Mg-doped GaN due to the enhanced NH₃ overpressure.     

混凝土储热桩地下蓄热过程温度场数值模拟研究及分析

太阳能混凝土桩储热技术是以太阳能和混凝土桩作为复合热源的热泵系统,在混凝土桩内部埋设换热管,利用太阳能集热板把热量通过混凝土桩中的换热管储存在土壤中。采用柱热源模型对混凝土储热桩进行了180天的连续蓄热过程模拟计算,对地下土壤温度场进行分析,认为在4 m的桩间距下能量桩间的相互影响较小。     

采用电压复位技术的像素级模数转换器

This paper presents a 50 Hz 15-bit analog-to-digital converter(ADC) for pixel-level implementation in CMOS image sensors.The ADC is based on charge packets counting and adopts a voltage reset technique to inject charge packets.The core circuit for charge/pulse conversion is specially optimized for low power,low noise and small area.An experimental chip with ten pixel-level ADCs has been fabricated and tested for verification.The measurement result shows a standard deviation of 1.8 LSB for full-scale output.The ADC has an area of 4545 m2 and consumes less than 2 W in a standard 1P-6M 0.18 m CMOS process.     

对称非线性包层平板多量子阱波导TE模的传播特性

分别用精确计算和方均根近似方法得到了包层及衬底均为非线性Ｋｅｒｒ型介质、芯区为多量子阱的对称平板波导中ＴＥ模的传播特性。数值计算表明,当芯区多量子阱的层数较多时,方均根近似方法得到的结果与用精确方法得到的结果一致,此时多量子阱波导可以等效为均匀介质。对于自聚焦情况,在合适的光功率下,当分界面处包层（及衬底）的有效折射率与芯区折射率相等时,芯区的场分布呈均匀分布而两侧的场呈指数式衰减;功率继续增大时,场分布的极值进入芯区两侧,而芯区场分布呈下凹形。对于自散焦情况,波导对导波场有较强干线性波导的束缚作用,且随光功率的增大而增强。     

带有热沉结构的全镂空光读出红外焦平面阵列

A substrate-free optical readout focal plane array(FPA) operating in 8-12μm with a heat sink structure (HSS) was fabricated and its performance was tested.The temperature distribution of the FPA with an HSS investigated by using a commercial FLIR IR camera shows excellent uniformity.The thermal cross-talk effect existing in traditional substrate-free FPAs was eliminated effectively.The heat sink is fabricated successfully by electroplating copper,which provides high thermal capacity and high thermal conductivity,on the frame of substrate-free FPA. The FPA was tested in the optical-readout system,the results show that the response and NETD are 13.6 grey/K(F / # = 0.8) and 588 mK,respectively.     

Fabrication of extremely thermal-stable GaN template on Mo substrate using double bonding and step annealing process

A new layer transfer technique which comprised double bonding and a step annealing process was utilized to transfer the GaN epilayer from a sapphire substrate to a Mo substrate. Combined with the application of the thermal-stable bonding medium, the resulting two-inch-diameter GaN template showed extremely good stability under high temperature and low stress state. Moreover, no cracks and winkles were observed. The transferred GaN template was suitable for homogeneous epitaxial, thus could be used for the direct fabrication of vertical LED chips as well as power electron devices. It has been confirmed that the double bonding and step annealing technique together with the thermal-stable bonding layer could significantly improve the bonding strength and stress relief, finally enhancing the thermal stability of the transferred GaN template.     

A new texture generation method based on pseudo-DCT coefficients.

In this paper, a new method for generating different texture images is presented. This method involves a simple transform from a certain one-dimensional (1-D) signal to an expected two-dimensional (2-D) image. Unlike traditional methods, the input signal is generated by a simple 1-D function in our work instead of a sample texture. We first transform the 1-D input signal into frequency domain using fast Fourier transform. Based on the sufficient analysis in 2-D discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain, where each of the coefficients expresses a texture feature in a certain direction, the 2-D pseudo-DCT coefficients are then constructed by appropriately rearranging the Fourier coefficients in terms of their frequency components. Finally, the corresponding texture image can be produced by 2-D inverse DCT algorithm. We applied the proposed method to generate several stochastic textures (i.e., cloud, illumination, and sand), and several structural texture images. Experimental results indicate the good performance of the proposed method.     

A Facile Microwave Avenue to Electrochemiluminescent Two‐Color Graphene Quantum Dots

With the assistance of microwave irradiation, greenish‐yellow luminescent graphene quantum dots (gGQDs) with a quantum yield (QY) up to 11.7% are successfully prepared via cleaving graphene oxide (GO) under acid conditions. The cleaving and reduction processes are accomplished simultaneously using microwave treatment without additional reducing agent. When the gGQDs are further reduced with NaBH₄, bright blue luminescent graphene quantum dots (bGQDs) are obtained with a QY as high as 22.9%. Both GQDs show well‐known excitation‐dependent PL behavior, which could be ascribed to the transition from the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) with a carbene‐like triplet ground state. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is observed from the graphene quantum dots for the first time, suggesting promising applications in ECL biosensing and imaging. The ECL mechanism is investigated in detail. Furthermore, a novel sensor for Cd²⁺ is proposed based on Cd²⁺ induced ECL quenching with cysteine (Cys) as the masking agent.     

基于光子晶体光纤的光学传感

光子晶体光纤(PCFs)的应用在很多方面改善了传统光纤传感器的性能.基于 PCFs的光纤传感器对应力和液体折射率具有较高的传感精度以及更好的温度特性,并且可以灵活引入各种耦合结构单元组成干涉仪,介绍了基于光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)、长周期光栅(LPG)和干涉仪的PCFs传感器的基本构造、工作原理和最新的研究进展.