全文获取类型
收费全文 | 113855篇 |
免费 | 18783篇 |
国内免费 | 12198篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 60731篇 |
晶体学 | 915篇 |
力学 | 5646篇 |
综合类 | 512篇 |
数学 | 10082篇 |
物理学 | 35766篇 |
无线电 | 31184篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 295篇 |
2023年 | 2997篇 |
2022年 | 3082篇 |
2021年 | 4383篇 |
2020年 | 4684篇 |
2019年 | 4100篇 |
2018年 | 3627篇 |
2017年 | 3472篇 |
2016年 | 5064篇 |
2015年 | 5242篇 |
2014年 | 6293篇 |
2013年 | 8045篇 |
2012年 | 9767篇 |
2011年 | 10013篇 |
2010年 | 7005篇 |
2009年 | 7023篇 |
2008年 | 7551篇 |
2007年 | 6668篇 |
2006年 | 6398篇 |
2005年 | 5337篇 |
2004年 | 3757篇 |
2003年 | 3123篇 |
2002年 | 2867篇 |
2001年 | 2464篇 |
2000年 | 2312篇 |
1999年 | 2650篇 |
1998年 | 2299篇 |
1997年 | 2126篇 |
1996年 | 2076篇 |
1995年 | 1763篇 |
1994年 | 1563篇 |
1993年 | 1293篇 |
1992年 | 1165篇 |
1991年 | 976篇 |
1990年 | 756篇 |
1989年 | 569篇 |
1988年 | 446篇 |
1987年 | 352篇 |
1986年 | 354篇 |
1985年 | 290篇 |
1984年 | 181篇 |
1983年 | 130篇 |
1982年 | 112篇 |
1981年 | 66篇 |
1980年 | 49篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 31篇 |
1922年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
291.
Hongbo Zhang Rui Wang Kaixin Chen Han Yang Daming Zhang Maobin Yi Guoquan Wang Zhenchang Ma 《Optics & Laser Technology》2002,34(4):283-286
A new method, based on zero point of longitudinal electric field, was used to determine the spatial resolution of external electro-optic (EO) probing equipment. Considering the diffraction of Gauss beam, the result of external EO probing was simulated which was in accordance with the experiment. A spatial resolution <1 μm was demonstrated initially in our equipment using 650 nm laser diode as probe beam and semi-insulating GaP as probe tip. 相似文献
292.
A convective flow CO laser composed of polytetrafluoroethylene discharge tubes, nickel–chromium steel components, a cupric heat exchanger and other components is described. Operating in liquid nitrogen condition, output power of 60 W has been obtained from a non-selective cavity. 相似文献
293.
Liyue Liu Yingge Yang Yafei Zhang 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2004,24(3-4):343-348
The electrical conductivity was investigated for multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) dissolved in chloroform and toluene, respectively. The electrical conductivity remarkably increased with increase in the content of MWNTs, which is in accordance with Archie's equation . Furthermore, a hypothesis of the electronic transport process was proposed to explain the difference between the solution and the solid compound. In addition, the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity shows that log σ vs. 1/T exist in a good linear relationship. The activation energy of the electrical conductivity decreased with increase in concentration and an inflexion was observed at 60 °C in MWNT/toluene solution. 相似文献
294.
295.
296.
Xuetian Huang Lei Zhang Min Zhang Peida Ye 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2005,17(7):1423-1425
The performance degradation of differential quadrature phase-shift keying (DQPSK) wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) systems due to self-phase modulation (SPM)- and cross-phase modulation (XPM)-induced nonlinear phase noise is evaluated in this letter. The XPM-induced nonlinear phase noise is approximated as Gaussian distribution and summed together with the SPM-induced nonlinear phase noise. We demonstrate that 10-Gb/s systems, whose walkoff length is larger than 40-Gb/s systems', are more sensitive to XPM-induced nonlinear phase noise than 40-Gb/s systems. Furthermore, DQPSK WDM systems show lower tolerance to both SPM- and XPM-induced nonlinear phase noise than differential phase-shift keying WDM systems. 相似文献
297.
Analytical expressions involving both system parameters and step-size are proposed to represent the local simulation error for the symmetrized split-step Fourier (SSSF) simulation method. This analytical expression can be used for a step-size selection rule to achieve comparable local simulation accuracy for SSSF simulations. This can lead to computational savings since there is no waste of computation in each simulation step. Furthermore, based on the local error expression, scaling rules are derived to achieve comparable global simulation accuracy for wide ranges of key system parameter values. This is significant in enhancing the computational efficiency in optical fiber communication system design and optimization. Extensive validation tests were performed to explore the application range of the proposed step-size selection and scaling rules. The desired global accuracy can be achieved with the use of our local error expression and scaling rules by only a couple of test trial simulation runs for a variety of practical applications. 相似文献
298.
差分吸收光谱法测量大气痕量气体浓度误差分析及改善方法 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
差分吸收光谱技术(DOAS)中采用线性最小二乘拟合方法,用痕量气体标准差分吸收截面对测量得到的差分吸收光谱进行拟合,得出大气中痕量气体的浓度.计算结果的准确性不仅取决于光谱的测量精度,而且受标准差分吸收截面以及仪器函数和温度等诸多因素的影响.详细地分析了计算误差的产生原因,提出了用高浓度样品池得到标准吸收截面的方法,针对光谱固有结构,以及温度对标准吸收截面的影响,改进了浓度反演算法.大量的实验表明,综合运用上述方法,即便对低浓度的样气,相对测量误差也能降低到10%以下. 相似文献
299.
300.
Quiver Hopf algebras 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper we study subHopfalgebras of graded Hopf algebra structures on a path coalgebra kQc. We prove that a Hopf structure on some subHopfquivers can be lifted to a Hopf structure on the whole Hopf quiver. If Q is a Schurian Hopf quiver, then we classified all simple-pointed subHopfalgebras of a graded Hopf structure on kQc. We also prove a dual Gabriel theorem for pointed Hopf algebras. 相似文献