液膜法处理含氟废水

为了防止含氟废水的污染,人们研究了多种除氟方法,液膜技术是一项新的分离工艺,它操作简单,试剂用量少,有机相可重复利用。本文利用伯胺作迁移载体处理高含量的含氟废水,分离效率较好。 伯胺N_(1923)(简写RNH_2)为流动载体,上胺N_(205)(上海石油化工厂)为表面活性剂,煤油为溶剂。将内相CaCl_2,溶液与油相(含N_(1923)、N_(205)和煤油)按一定体积比例混合,高速搅拌,制成W/O     

Minimizing Energy Barrier in Intermediate Connection Layer for Monolithic Tandem WPeLEDs with Wide Color Gamut

Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) show promising prospects in the wide color gamut display owing to their ultra-narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM). However, up to now, all perovskite white LEDs integrated by standard red, green, and blue perovskite emitters, namely, monolithic white PeLEDs (WPeLEDs), have been rarely reported, owing to facing some issues, e.g., solvent incompatibility in solution technique, ion exchange, and energy transfer between different emission centers. Herein, centered on these issues, an optimal intermediate connection layer (ICL) of Po-T2T/LiF/Ag/HAT-CN/MoO₃ is adopted to successfully develop monolithic tandem multicolor PeLEDs and WPeLEDs for the first time. The multicolor PeLEDs can achieve the best external quantum efficiency of 1.8% and the highest luminance of 4844 cd m⁻². Besides, the red/green/blue (R/G/B) monolithic tandem WPeLED shows a standard white International Commission on Illumination coordinate of (0.33, 0.33) and achieves an extremely wide color gamut reaching  National Television Standards Committee of 130%. This study is the first to realize the standard R/G/B co-electroluminescence in a monolithic perovskite device and offers a feasible strategy for developing wide-color gamut perovskite displays.     

Challenges and Opportunities of Implantable Neural Interfaces: From Material,Electrochemical and Biological Perspectives

The desirable implantable neural interfaces can accurately record bioelectrical signals from neurons and regulate neural activities with high spatial/time resolution, facilitating the understanding of neuronal functions and dynamics. However, the electrochemical performance (impedance, charge storage/injection capacity) is limited with the miniaturization and integration of neural electrodes. The “crosstalk” caused by the uneven distribution of elctric field leads to lower electrical stimulation/recording efficiency. The mismatch between stiff electrodes and soft tissues exacerbates the inflammatory responses, thus weakening the transmission of signals. Though remarkable breakthroughs have been made through the incorporation of optimizing electrode design and functionalized nanomaterials, the chronic stability, and long-term activity in vivo of the neural electrodes still need further development. In this review, the neural interface challenges mainly on electrochemistry and biology are discussed, followed by summarizing typical electrode optimization technologies and exploring recent advances in the application of nanomaterials, based on traditional metallic materials, emerging 2D materials, conducting polymer hydrogels, etc., for enhancing neural interfaces. The strategies for improving the durability including enhanced adhesion and minimized inflammatory response, are also summarized. The promising directions are finally presented to provide enlightenment for high-performance neural interfaces in future, which will promote profound progress in neuroscience research.     

Voltage Decay of Li-Rich Layered Oxides: Mechanism,Modification Strategies,and Perspectives

Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) have been considered as the most promising cathode materials for achieving high energy density Li-ion batteries. However, they suffer from continuous voltage decay during cycling, which seriously shortens the lifespan of the battery in practical applications. This review comprehensively elaborates and summarizes the state-of-the-art of the research in this field. It is started from the proposed mechanism of voltage decay that refers to the phase transition, microscopic defects, and oxygen redox or release. Furthermore, several strategies to mitigate the voltage decay of LLOs from different scales, such as surface modification, elemental doping, regulation of components, control of defect, and morphology design are summarized. Finally, a systematic outlook on the real root of voltage decay is provided, and more importantly, a potential solution to voltage recovery from electrochemistry. Based on this progress, some effective strategies with multiple scales will be feasible to create the conditions for their commercialization in the future.     

Vapor Phase Dealloying Derived Nanoporous Co@CoO/RuO2 Composites for Efficient and Durable Oxygen Evolution Reaction (Adv. Funct. Mater. 17/2023)

The development of low-cost and effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts to expedite the slow kinetics of water splitting is crucial for increasing the efficiency of energy conversion from electricity to hydrogen fuel. Herein, 3D bicontinuous nanoporous Co@CoO/RuO₂ composites with tunable sizes and chemical compositions are fabricated by introducing vapor phase dealloying of cobalt-based alloys. The influence of physical parameters on the formation of nanoporous Co substrates with various feature ligament sizes is systematically investigated. The CoO/RuO₂ shell is constructed by integrating a thin layer of RuO₂ on the inner surface of nanoporous Co, where the CoO interlayer is formed by annealing oxidization. The composite catalyst delivers an ultralow overpotential of 198 mV at 10 mA cm⁻², Tafel slope of 57.1 mV dec⁻¹, and long-term stability of 50 h. The superior OER activity and fast reaction kinetics are attributed to charge transfer through the coupling of Co O Ru bonds at the interface and the excellent nanopore connectivity, while the durability originates from the highly stable CoO/RuO₂ interface.     

Direct Observation of Oxygen Ion Dynamics in a WO3-x based Second-Order Memristor with Dendritic Integration Functions

Direct observation of oxygen dynamics in an oxide-based second-order memristor can provide the valid evidence to clarify the memristive mechanism, however, which is still limited for now. In this study, the migration and diffusion of oxygen ions in the region of Pt/WO_3-x Schottky interface are observed in the WO_3-x second-order memristor by using the technique of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the electron energy loss spectroscopy. Interestingly, the coexistence of memristive and memcapacitive switching can be implemented in this memristor. Combined with the analysis of depth-profile X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), an interface-barrier-modulation second-order memristive model is proposed based on the above results. Notably, temporally correlative oxygen dynamics in the memristor offers the platform to integrate signals from multiple inputs, enabling the realization of the dendritic functions of synchronous and asynchronous integration for the application of logic operations with fault-tolerance capability and associative learning. These findings provide the experimental evidence to in-depth understanding of oxygen dynamics and switching mechanism in second-order memristor, which can support the optimization of memristive performance and the achievement of biorealistic synaptic functions.     

Cryptanalysis of Two Signature Schemes for IoT and Mobile Health Systems

Wireless Personal Communications - Recently, Lee et al. (Sensors 20(14): 3983, 2020) proposed a certificateless aggregate arbitrated signature scheme CLAAS for IoT environments. Addobea et...     

一种基于无线射频通讯的共享雨伞系统

目前,以资源优化可利用和绿色出行为理念的共享经济蓬勃发展,基于此,本发明针对用户遇到突发性降雨天气时对雨伞临时需求,本文设计并实现了一款共享雨伞。本设计发明设计一类伞上装有电子标签的雨伞及雨伞借还系统,使用射频识别技术读取电子标签,使用Java技术编写微信小程序,利用STM32单片机控制伞桩的内部运行,便捷用户突遇突发性天气时及时满足用户对伞的需求,还提高社会资源的利用率。     

基于CSAR图像的目标高度提取方法

圆周合成孔径雷达（Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar,CSAR）可以对目标进行360°全方位观测,获得目标全方位散射信息。通过将CSAR成像数据划分成多个子孔径能够直接获取目标高度信息,本文在原有获取目标高度信息的方法基础上,进行了改进和创新,提出了一种新的提取目标高度信息的方法。本文通过对子孔径图像进行高度向投影,在一定程度上提高了计算精度,同时在子孔径选择时,也考虑了子孔径之间的相关性,有效地提高了算法的精确性。最后首次引入自主测量的L波段实测数据对本文所提算法进行验证,证实了该方法的有效性和准确性。