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991.
Stephanie I. Rosenbloom Jesse H. Hsu Brett P. Fors 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2022,60(8):1291-1299
Thermoplastics and thermoplastic elastomers compose roughly 80 percent of all polymeric materials manufactured today and play an important role in numerous sectors of modern society. While the effects of molecular weight and dispersity (Ð) on the tensile and rheological properties of these materials are well-known, only recent studies have evidenced the profound influence of the shape of the molecular weight distribution (MWD) on polymer properties. This development is largely due to the emergence of new synthetic strategies to control higher moments of the MWD. In this Perspective, we describe recent advancements by our group in understanding the effect of MWD shape on the mechanical and rheological properties of thermoplastics and thermoplastic elastomers. We highlight means to exploit MWD shape for improved processability and performance and discuss future directions in this field. 相似文献
992.
Cheng-Zong Kuo Li-Yun Hsu Yu-Shan Chen Dr. Kenta Goto Dr. Subhendu Maity Dr. Yi-Hung Liu Prof. Shie-Ming Peng Dr. Kien Voon Kong Prof. Teruo Shinmyozu Prof. Jye-Shane Yang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(50):11511-11521
Anthracene–pentiptycene hybrid systems 1-Cn , where n refers to the number of carbon atoms in the linear alkyl chain, crystallize in three different polymorphs, denoted Y (yellow), G (green), and B (blue) forms in terms of the fluorescence color. While all Y-form crystals show the same yellow-to-blue fluorescence color response to the photomechanical stress generated by the anthracene [4+4] photodimerization reaction, the four G forms exhibit distinct photomechanofluorochromism (PMFC): from green to blue for G-1-C4 , to orange for G-1-C7 , to red for G-1-C8 , and to red then blue for G-1-C9 , and the B forms show no photochromic activity. The intriguing RGB three-color PMFC and abnormal topochemical reactivity of G-1-C9 are attributed to inherent softness of the crystal lattice. 相似文献
993.
Ting-Wei Hsu Samuel J. Kempel Quentin Michaudel 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2022,60(3):569-578
Poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s (PPVs) are some of the most widely studied conjugated polymers in academia and industry, but most production methods lack precise control over molar masses and alkene stereochemistry. These critical parameters have a large influence on processability, polymer morphology, and optical properties. Herein, we report the stereoretentive ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of [2.2]paracyclophane dienes bearing either a linear alkyl substituent or a branched alkoxy substituent to form all-cis PPVs with great solubility in organic solvents. The introduction of 2-ethylhexyloxy side-chains permits the preparation of PPV with uncharacteristically high molar masses (up to 108.8 kg/mol) for a polymerization with living characteristics. Exposure to UV light (365 nm) rapidly induces isomerization of all-cis alkenes leading to the formation of all-trans PPV. This study proposes an attractive strategy to synthesize soluble all-cis and all-trans PPVs with tunable, high molar masses through careful design of the ROMP monomer. 相似文献
994.
Secret sharing is a fundamental cryptographic task. Motivated by the virtual automata abstraction and swarm computing, we investigate an extension of the k-secret sharing scheme, in which the secret shares are changed on the fly, independently and without (internal) communication, as a reaction to a global external trigger. The changes are made while maintaining the requirement that k or more secret shares may reconstruct the secret and no k ? 1 or fewer can do so.The application considered is a swarm of mobile processes, each maintaining a share of the secret which may change according to common outside inputs, e.g., inputs received by sensors attached to the process.The proposed schemes support addition and removal of processes from the swarm, as well as corruption of a small portion of the processes in the swarm. 相似文献
995.
Jeremy L. Fredricks Hareesh Iyer Robin McDonald Jeffrey Hsu Andrew M. Jimenez Eleftheria Roumeli 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2021,59(22):2878-2894
With material consumption increasing, the need for biodegradable materials derived from renewable resources becomes urgent, particularly in the popular field of 3D-printing. Processed natural fibers have been used as fillers for 3D-printing filaments and slurries, yet reports of utilizing pure biomass to 3D-print structures that reach mechanical properties comparable to synthetic plastics are scarce. Here, we develop and characterize slurries for extrusion-based 3D-printing comprised of unprocessed spirulina and varying amounts of cellulose fibers (CFs). Tuning the micro-morphology, density, and mechanical properties of multilayered structures is achieved by modulating the CF amount or drying method. Densified morphologies are obtained upon desiccator-drying, while oven incubation plasticizes the matrix and leads to intermediate densities. Freeze-drying creates low-density foam microstructures. The compressive strengths of the structures follow the same trend as their density. CFs are critical in the denser structures, as without the fibers, the samples do not retain their shape while drying. The compressive strength and strain to failure of the composites progressively increase with increasing filler content, ranging between 0.8 and 16 MPa and 12%–47%, respectively, at densities of 0.51–1.00 g/cm3. The measured properties are comparable to other biobased composites and commercial plastic filaments for 3D-printing. 相似文献
996.
A thin film system composed of gellan gum and chitosan was fabricated through a combination of polyelectrolyte blend and hybrid hydrogel gelation for controlled release of drug. In this study, precursor isopropyl alcohol (IPA) was used to plasma deposit on the surface of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to form a hydrophilic film. The features of the thin film were evaluated using water contact angle (WCA) measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra‐red (FTIR), UV/Vis spectroscopy, and studies of controlled release of drugs. The hybrid hydrogel, pH‐sensitive, was tested at pH values of 1.2 and 7.4 of buffer solution and at a temperature of 37°C to observe its swelling ratio and drug delivery properties with N‐acetylcysteine as a drug material for controlled release. Furthermore, at pH 7.4, the hybrid hydrogel has an outstanding release ratio of up to about 90% absorption amounts of N‐acetylcysteine after 8 hr. The mechanism of drug release from thin film devices (n = 0.684) is anomalous (non‐Fickian) transport, the value of n lies between 0.43 and 0.85. 相似文献
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1000.
Wei‐Lin Su Hsiu‐Ping Huang Wei‐Ting Chen Wen‐Yi Hsu Hsi‐Yen Chang Szu‐Yu Ho Shao‐Pin Wang Shin‐Guang Shyu 《中国化学会会志》2011,58(2):163-173
Carbonyls' 2π orbital populations, [2π], in W(CO)5L {L = PPh3, PPh2Me, PPhMe2} have been determined by NMR spin‐lattice relaxation techniques. Experimental values of axial [2π], compared with those reported for PMe3 and P(OMe)3, reveal that PMe3 is a slightly better π‐acid than PPh3. Through space interactions between carbonyl and phenyl groups are insignificant since values of [2π] do not vary significantly in the series of phosphines, going from PMep3 to PPh3. Natural bond orbital (NBO) studies indicate that π‐accepting capabilities for these phosphines are primarily governed by the nature of P‐C anti‐bonding, σ*P‐C. Compared with PPh3, the better π‐accepting σ*P‐C, as well as the better s‐donating lone‐pair LP(P), in PMe3 can both be explained by the higher extents of rehybridization of the coordinated phosphorus atom. Based on this rehybridization argument, the NBO predicted order of increasing π‐acidic strengths PPh3 < PPh2Me < PPhMe2 < PMe3, which cannot be clearly distinguished by NMR experiments, is ascribed to the same NBO trend of σ‐donating capabilities in a synergistic manner. Effects of coordination on P‐Y (Y = C, O, F) bonding strengths in phosphines (or phosphites) are depending on two conflicting effects: rehybridization of LP(P) and the hyperconjugative‐like dπ → σ*P‐Y back‐donation. 相似文献