Enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-galbulin via organocatalytic domino Michael-Michael-aldol condensation

A concise and practical enantioselective synthesis of (+)-galbulin has been achieved using organocatalytic domino Michael-Michael-aldol condensation and organocatalytic kinetic resolution as the key steps.     

热释电探测器及其应用

详细论述了热释电探测器的工作原理，推导出探测器电流响应率、电压响应率、等效噪声功率和探测率的解析表达式，得出了电压响应率、电流响应率与斩波频率的关系。给出热释电材料的选择原则，介绍了热释电探测器的目前应用领域及未来可能的应用领域。     

Instanton vacuum in thermal QCD

The effects of instanton-anti-instanton interactions in high-temperature QCD with colour SU(2) are studied with and without quarks. The instanton potential proves to have no repulsive core, thus creating troubles with the definition of nonperturbative contributions to physical quantities. Also the chiral condensate is calculated, and it is shown to vanish if number of quark flavoursN _f≧2, whereas forN _f=1 it is nonzero for the arbitrary high temperature.     

薄壁柱壳的圆度及三维变形测量技术

本文采用一种新的形状位置（Ｐｒｏｆｉｌｉｍｅｔｒｙ）自动测量计算机处理方法,对钢质圆柱壳的椭圆度进行了测试。具体使用投影光栅,于壳体表现形成栅线影象,自动形成栅线光频率线性编码,用ＣＣＤ摄象机采集到频率编码壳体光栅影象,构成形西半球工波图。将载波的图象经过计算机图象系统获得数值图象。计算机经过快速富立叶变换法解码,输出频率位相值,经数据处理可得到精确的壳面尺度。     

Structural-phase transition and electrical conductivity in tin-modified zirconium titanate

The structural phase transition in tin-modified zirconium titanate was investigated using high-temperature X-ray, DTA, DSC and electrical conductivity. In a dilute solid solution of Sn (x 0.2) in Zr_1−xSn_xTiO₄, we ascribed to the successive phase transition from normal to incommensurate the break of electrical conductivity, thermal anomalies, and specific heat anomalies occurring at temperatures of 1121 °C, 1124 °C and 1125 °C on the heating run, and at temperatures of 1121 °C, 1116 °C and 1117 °C on the cooling run, respectively. Furthermore, the super-lattice reflection intensity was inversely proportional to the Sn content, cooling rate and electrical activation energy. With a composition of Zr_0.8Sn_0.2TiO₄, the phase transition from normal to incommensurate was completely inhibited.     

Thickness dependence of crystallization and melting kinetics of eutectic Sb70Te30 phase change recording film

As the thickness of eutectic Sb₇₀Te₃₀ phase change recording film was reduced, the crystallization temperature and activation energy for crystallization would increase, while the melting temperature and activation energy for melting would decrease. Accordingly, the archival stability and recording sensitivity can be improved. However, the recording speed for direct over write will be slowed down. Based upon the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation, it was found that the increase of film thickness would increase the nucleation rate of eutectic Sb₇₀Te₃₀ recording film and make the crystallization process become more nucleation-dominated.     

Carbon Encapsulation of High Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles with Extraordinary Coercivity and Saturation at Room Temperature

Owing to their unique properties and technological potential, high entropy alloys (HEAs) have become the subject of great interest in the materials science community. HEAs consist of more than four principle elements in equimolar ratio so their configurational entropy is intrinsically greater than one-principle element based. The increasing surface energy and chemical tendency toward clustering of like atoms at low dimension, however, make production of HEA-nanoparticles (HEA-NPs) extremely difficult. A facile production of HEA-NPs inside carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles is demonstrated in this work. Electron microscopic and elemental analyses confirm encapsulated to be solution phase; some embrace carbides and form multidomains with chemical composition ranging from quaternary to quinary phase. Multidomains and nonmagnetic centers create hardening thus promoting coercivity significantly at room temperature. Alloying induces electron redistribution into high spin states, accounting for observed high saturation. Configurational entropy of encapsulated HEA-NPs lies on a range comparable with bulk.     

Electrophoresis of concentrated mercury drops

The electrophoretic behavior of concentrated monodispersed, positively charged mercury drops is investigated theoretically. The present study extends previous analyses by considering arbitrary surface potentials, double-layer polarization, and the interaction between adjacent double layers. The coupled equations describing the spatial variations in the flow field, the electric field, and the concentration field are solved by a pseudo-spectral method. For a low surface potential phi(r), the mobility increases monotonically with kappaalpha; kappa and alpha are respectively the reciprocal Debye length and the radius of a mercury drop. For medium and high phi(r), the mobility curve has a reflection point, which arises from the interaction of adjacent double layers, for kappaalpha. Also, if phi(r) is high, the mobility curve may exhibit a local minimum as kappaalpha varies. This phenomenon is pronounced if the concentration of the dispersed phase is high. If the double layer is thick, the mobility increases with phi(r), and the reverse is true if it is thin. We show that the higher the concentration of the dispersed phase the smaller the mobility, and as kappaalpha becomes large the mobility approaches a constant value, which is independent of the concentration of the dispersed phase. The mobility of mercury drops is larger than that of the corresponding rigid particles.