Influence of Preparation Conditions on Structural Stability of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons Synthesized by Evaporation-induced Triconstituent Co-assembly Method

Various ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) have been prepared by evaporation-induced triconstituent co-assembly method. Their mesostructural stability under different carbon content, aging time and acidity were conveniently monitored by X-ray diffraction, transmis-sion electron microscopy, and N₂ sorption isotherms techniques. The results show mesostruc-tural stability of OMCs is enhanced as the carbon content increases from 36% to 46%, further increasing carbon content deteriorates the mesostructural stability. Increasing aging time from 0.5 h to 5.0 h make the mesostructural stability go through an optimum (2.0 h) and gradually reduce framework shrinkage of the OMCs. Highly OMCs can only be obtained in the acidity range of 0.2～1.2 mol/L HCl, when the acidity is near the isoelectric point of silica, the resulting OMCs have the best mesostructure stability. Under the optimum condi-tion, the carbon content of 46%, aging time of 2.0 h, and 0.2 mol/L HCl, the resulting OMCs have the best mesostructure stability and the highest BET surface areas of 2281 m²/g.     

Determination of nicotine and its metabolite cotinine in urine and cigarette samples by capillary electrophoresis coupled with electrochemiluminescence

In this paper, CE coupled with electrochemiluminesence (ECL) detection using a 76‐μm Pt disk as working electrode was developed for nicotine (NIC) determination. The major metabolite of NIC is cotinine (COT), which has a similar tertiary amine structure to NIC. However, there is a carbonyl group attached in the structure of COT, which leads to the great decrease in ECL response. In order to improve the ECL response of COT, NaBH₄ was used for carbonyl reduction. After reduction, NIC and COT were separated and detected by CE‐ECL. ECL response plotted with NIC concentration was linear between 5.0×10^?7 and 5.0×10^?5 mol/L (81–8100 μg/L), with LOD of 5.0×10^?8 mol/L (8.1 μg/L). The developed CE‐ECL method was applied for NIC determination in urine and cigarette samples.     

Bio‐/Chemosensors and Imaging with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogens

Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) luminogens show abnormal fluorescent behavior; they are non‐emissive in solution, but they become strongly emissive after aggregation. Sensing and imaging are the major applications of AIE luminogens. By properly manipulating the aggregation and deaggregation of AIE molecules, various bio‐/chemosensors have been developed. Moreover, AIE molecules with targeting groups have been devised for imaging of organelles and cancer cells. In this account, we report our recent work on the application of AIE luminogens for the construction of bio‐/chemosensors and imaging.

     

Unusual magnetic properties of one-dimensional molecule-based magnets associated with a structural phase transition

Three ion-pair complexes, [RbzPy](+)[Ni(mnt)(2)](-) (mnt(2)(-) = maleonitriledithiolate; [RbzPy](+) = 4-R-benzylpyridinium; R = Br (1), Cl (2), and NO(2) (3)), with unusual magnetic properties have been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structures of 1 and 2 have been solved. The two complexes belong to the P2(1)/c space group with Z = 4 and C(20)H(11)BrN(5)NiS(4), a = 12.0744(17) A, b = 26.369(4) A, c = 7.440(3) A, and beta = 102.63(3) degrees for 1 and C(20)H(11)ClN(5)NiS(4), a = 12.105(2) A, b = 26.218(4) A, c = 7.374(2) A, and beta = 102.55(2) degrees for 2, respectively. The [Ni(mnt)(2)](-) anions in 1-3 form uniformly spaced one-dimensional (1-D) magnetic chains of s = 1/2 at room temperature. The temperature dependences of the susceptibility for 1-3 show that they undergo phase transitions. All three complexes are paramagnetic in their high-temperature (abbreviation HT) phase and diamagnetic in the low-temperature (abbreviation LT) phase because of strong dimerization along the stacking direction. The results of thermal analysis (DSC) further confirm that the phase transition for 1 and 2 is first-order but maybe second-order for 3. The phenomena observed in this study are similar to those of the 1-D radical systems.     

Photocatalyzed [2 + 2 + 2]-cycloaddition of nitriles with acetylene: an effective method for the synthesis of 2-pyridines under mild conditions

The photocatalyzed [2 + 2 + 2]-cycloaddition of nitriles with 2 equiv of acetylene to 2-pyridines can be carried out under mild conditions and represents a valuable extension to common synthetical methods. For the ideal wavelength range (350-500 nm), lamps as well as sunlight can be used. Working at room temperature and in organic solvents such as toluene or hexane as well as in water gives satisfying results in many cases. However, it is also possible to vary the solvent and the reaction temperature of the photocatalyzed synthesis and to choose, with respect to the specific substrate, specific requirements for this particular reaction and general requirements of the method. This simple and selective method derives its potential mainly from the large variety of applicable nitriles. Suitable substrates include (functionalized) aliphatic and aromatic nitriles as well as cyanamides derived from secondary amines.     

新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑病脑组织中微量元素的变化

为探讨新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑病脑组织中 5种元素 (Fe2 + 、Ca2 + 、Zn2 + 、Cu2 + 、Mg2 + )的变化及意义 ,将新生Wistar鼠 2 4只随机分为正常对照组和缺氧缺血性脑病组 ,乙醚吸入麻醉后用1 0双线结扎右侧颈总动脉 ,术后恢复 4h ,吸入含 8%O2 和 92 %N2 混合气体 2h后将 2组大鼠处死 ,取脑组织 ,用原子吸收分光光度仪测定其微量元素的变化。结果表明 ,与正常对照组相比较 ,缺氧缺血性脑病脑组织中Zn2 + 、Mn2 + 、Cu2 + 含量明显减少 (P <0 0 1 ) ;Ca2 + 增加 (P <0 0 1 )。提示缺氧缺血性脑病能引起大鼠脑组织微量元素的改变     

纳米材料用于放疗防护的研究进展

放射治疗是利用高能射线抑制癌细胞增殖的治疗方法,已广泛用于恶性肿瘤的治疗.但是,高能射线不可避免地会对机体的正常组织造成损害,产生放疗相关副作用.尽管目前有一些小分子放疗防护药物已应用于临床或处于临床前研究,但其较短的血液循环时间和较快的新陈代谢速度极大地削弱了其防护效果.近20年来,随着纳米技术在生物医学领域的飞速发展,纳米放疗防护剂的出现为提高防护效果提供了新的选择.通过合理地设计和开发纳米放疗防护剂,有望解决现有小分子放疗防护药物的缺陷.鉴于纳米放疗防护剂具有诸多优势,本综述概述了纳米放疗防护材料的常见设计策略,同时分析了放射诱导的常见疾病的致病机制和纳米放疗防护材料防治各种放射诱导疾病的研究现状.最后,还讨论了纳米材料用于放疗防护所面临的挑战和未来前景.     

二氧化碳多相催化加氢的新进展

就近年来关于ＣＯ２活化、几个重要的ＣＯ２多相催化加氢反应及廉价氢的供给的研究进展进行综述。参考文献３４篇。