Highly CO2-selective organic molecular cages: what determines the CO2 selectivity

A series of novel organic cage compounds 1-4 were successfully synthesized from readily available starting materials in one-pot in decent to excellent yields (46-90%) through a dynamic covalent chemistry approach (imine condensation reaction). Covalently cross-linked cage framework 14 was obtained through the cage-to-framework strategy via the Sonogashira coupling of cage 4 with the 1,4-diethynylbenzene linker molecule. Cage compounds 1-4 and framework 14 exhibited exceptional high ideal selectivity (36/1-138/1) in adsorption of CO(2) over N(2) under the standard temperature and pressure (STP, 20 °C, 1 bar). Gas adsorption studies indicate that the high selectivity is provided not only by the amino group density (mol/g), but also by the intrinsic pore size of the cage structure (distance between the top and bottom panels), which can be tuned by judiciously choosing building blocks of different size. The systematic studies on the structure-property relationship of this novel class of organic cages are reported herein for the first time; they provide critical knowledge on the rational design principle of these cage-based porous materials that have shown great potential in gas separation and carbon capture applications.     

An Energy Investigation into 1D/2D Oriented‐Attachment Assemblies of 1D Ag Nanocrystals

In the field of oriented‐attachment crystal growth, one‐dimensional nanocrystals are frequently employed as building blocks to synthesize two‐dimensional or large‐aspect‐ratio one‐dimensional nanocrystals. Despite recent extensive experimental advances, the underlying inter‐particle interaction in the synthesis still remains elusive. In this report, using Ag as a platform, we investigate the van der Waals interactions associated with the side‐by‐side and end‐to‐end assemblies of one‐dimensional nanorods. The size, aspect ratio, and inter‐particle separation of the Ag precursor nanorods are found to have dramatically different impacts on the van der Waals interactions in the two types of assemblies. Our work facilitates the fundamental understanding of the oriented‐attachment assembling mechanism based on one‐dimensional nanocrystals.     

In situ formed silver nanoparticles on glass fibers grafted with polyacrylamide and their antibacterial activity

In this paper, grafted polyacrylamide from the surface of glass fibers was prepared by surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization in order to control the matrix surface structure and properties. The uniform and stable grafted polymer layer was utilized to prepare silver ions complexes, and then the silver ions were reduced by AlLiH₄ to form in situ silver nanoparticles. The structure, composition, properties and surface morphology of the modified glass fibers were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The antibacterial activities of modified glass fibers against E. coli, B. subtilis and S. cerevisiae had been studied respectively by Shake Flask Method. The results show that the antibacterial ratio of Ag nanoparticles loaded glass fibers is significantly improved than that of Ag⁺ loaded, and the highest antibacterial ratio is 72.2% against E. coli.     

激光驱动X光背光照相技术在金属靶微层裂研究中的应用探索

利用神光Ⅱ装置发射强激光一方面对铝靶进行烧蚀加载,另一方面驱动铜背光靶发射X光对铝靶微层裂产物进行针孔背光照相,结果获得了可忽略动态模糊的高清晰照片,标准丝阵检验表明分辨率优于40 m。铝靶微层裂产物照片清晰显示,靶破碎存在不同分区, 这直观揭示了靶破碎的不同机制。实验成功验证了激光驱动X光背光照相技术在金属靶微层裂研究中存在重要的应用前景。     

W波段折叠波导行波管振荡抑制

为了抑制W波段折叠波导行波管研制中的自激振荡,保证行波管正常放大工作,分析了折叠波导慢波结构中反射振荡、返波振荡和带边振荡的产生原因,开展了折叠波导行波管振荡抑制技术研究,通过优化设计和工艺研究采用周期跳变作为关键技术用于W波段折叠波导行波管的研制。通过模拟检验和实验验证,证明采用了振荡抑制技术后行波管自激振荡得到了有效的抑制,W波段脉冲行波管在20%占空比时脉冲输出功率大于100 W,带宽大于5 GHz。     

LED光诱导下咪唑并吡啶氰甲基化反应用于本科实验教学的探索

可见光催化的有机反应具有高效、条件温和、操作简单、催化剂用量少等优点,近年来受到广泛关注。以咪唑[1,2-a]吡啶杂环为骨架的化合物表现出丰富多样的生物活性,如抗炎、抗病毒活性、抗原生虫药、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂等。3-氰甲基-2-苯基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶是合成具有抗抑郁作用的药物唑吡坦的关键中间体。我们在前期的研究工作中,以2-苯基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶和溴乙腈为原料,通过可见光诱导,在光催化剂fac-Ir(ppy)3的作用下,合成了3-氰甲基-2-苯基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶。本文以此反应为基础,通过将可见光催化这一新型的方法运用于本科实验教学,拓宽本科生的视野,增加其对有机化学实验的兴趣,并掌握微量化学实验的基本操作和相关仪器的使用方法。本设计实验使用LED灯作为光源,避免了剧毒试剂的使用,符合绿色化学理念,具备制备方法简单、生产成本低、产物收率高、重复性良好等优点。     

激光驱动含能复合飞片速度特性

采用真空磁控溅射方法制备了CuO/Al2O3/Al,(CuO/Al)Ⅱ/CuO/ Al2O3/Al,and (CuO/Al)Ⅷ/ Al2O3/Al三种复合飞片,利用激光共聚焦显微镜和扫描电镜对复合飞片进行表征,结果表明,不同材料膜层的分界面清晰可见,复合薄膜的表面结构致密,颗粒基本尺寸可以达到nm级,均匀性好。利用光子多普勒测速技术对三种复合飞片速度进行测量,结果表明：将飞片靶放置在空气电离点偏前的位置(入射激光方向),增大聚焦光斑,能改善激光电离空气引起的能量屏蔽作用;含能烧蚀层CuO/Al的存在,有助于提高飞片速度。在含能薄膜烧蚀层厚度一定的情况下,增大周期、减小每层薄膜厚度,有助于提高含能薄膜反应程度,减小飞片上升沿时间。在同等激光能量密度下,(CuO/Al)Ⅷ/ Al2O3/Al的上升沿时间低于(CuO/Al)Ⅱ/CuO/Al2O3/Al。     

微型平面复合薄膜电爆炸开关的设计和研究

开关技术是影响爆炸箔起爆系统可靠作用、微型化、低能化、集成化的关键技术。电爆炸平面开关是利用强脉冲电流使触发极金属桥箔发生电爆炸,产生高温高压等离子体,使爆炸桥区两侧的电极导通。基于微加工技术,采用Al/CuO复合薄膜材料作为触发电极,设计制造了微型平面复合薄膜电爆炸开关。采用扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热法和光谱谱线测温研究了触发极Al/CuO复合薄膜的形貌、反应性和电爆炸等离子体温度,通过放电电流测试研究了开关性能。结果表明,在主回路电压2000 V时,开关输出电流峰值约为1938 A,上升时间390 ns,性能优于仅以铜薄膜为触发电极的电爆炸平面开关。     

基于Parylene C的单触发开关性能实验研究

为了研制具有高导通电流和高导通速率能力的单触发开关,利用微加工技术制备了基于Parylene C的三明治结构单触发开关。在主回路充电电压1.0 ~1.6 kV的范围内,分析了开关触发回路电流、电压特性,导通峰值电流、上升时间、开关延迟时间,并且对单触发开关的电感、电阻做了估算。结果表明,基于Parylene C的单触发开关性能优于基于聚酰亚胺的单触发开关;随着开关加载电压的升高,开关导通的峰值电流呈现不断增大的趋势,但是上升时间几乎不变,其延迟时间分布在1~200 s之间,呈随机性分布,开关电阻随其作用时间增加不断增大。     

量子通信网络安全性研究

随着量子通信的发展,安全问题引起了人们的极大关注。本文分析了量子通信网络安全的意义,并从密钥分发技术、量子加密技术和量子认证技术三个方面归纳了国内外量子通信安全问题的研究进展情况。最后,基于对量子通信网络安全存在的问题,指出了今后该领域的研究方向。