高折光指数光学树脂的合成——相转移法合成不饱和硫醇酯单体的条件控制

采用正常的低温相转移催化（ＰＴＣ）和反滴碱溶液ＰＴＣ法分别合成了含硫双烯ＭＥＳＤＭＡ和单烯ＭＥＰＳＭＡ．１Ｈ ＮＭＲ分析证明ＭＥＳ中的杂质主要是由原料ＴＤＧ引入的．对含单个巯基的ＭＥＰＳ的正常ＰＴＣ酯化接枝双键，因存在巯基和不饱和双键的加成反应而导致失败．作者最终得到了折光指数在１６２５以上的ＭＥＳＤＭＡ／ＭＥＰＳＭＡ共聚物．     

EPR Study on the complex formed by charge-transfer process between ground-state acceptor chloranil and nine donors

EPR study showed that the semi-quinone radical anion of chloranil (TCQ) was formed in a charge-transfer process between ground state chloranil as acceptor and each one of the following ground state donors,i.e.,N,N'-diethyl aniline (DEA),phenothiazine (PTZ),carbazole (CBZ),pyrene (PY),ferrocene (FRO),triphenylphosphine (TPP),triethylamine (TEA),anthracene (AN) and N,N-diethyl-3-aminophenyl ester of palmitic acid (DPP).Our results indicate that there is a tunneling effect for the ground-state charge-transfer process between chloranil and the donor.     

桑色素修饰碳糊电极吸附溶出伏安法测定人尿中痕量铅

制作了用桑色素作修饰剂的碳糊修饰电极 ,利用该电极为工作电极 ,建立了测定痕量铅的新方法。在甲酸钠 盐酸缓冲溶液 (pH 4 .9)中 ,在 - 0 .10V(vs .SCE)下搅拌富集 ,铅 (Ⅱ )与化学修饰碳糊电极表面的桑色素形成电活性络合物而吸附富集于电极表面 ,经 - 0 .85V(vs.SCE)静止还原后 ,阳极化线性扫描 ,在 - 0 .4 3V(vs .SCE)获得一灵敏的二次导数溶出峰。在最佳条件下分别富集 360s和 180s ,其二次导数峰电流与铅 (Ⅱ )浓度分别在 5 .0× 10 - 9～ 1.0× 10 - 7mol·L- 1和 2 0×10 - 8～ 1.0× 10 - 6 mol·L- 1两个范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,富集 6min ,检出限可达 1.0× 10 - 9mol·L- 1(S/N =3)。同时 ,探讨了电极反应机理。方法应用于尿铅测定 ,获得满意的结果     

用于高能物理实验电子读出芯片的低噪声锁相环芯片设计

基于TSMC 180 nm工艺设计并流片测试了一款用于高能物理实验的电子读出系统的低噪声、低功耗锁相环芯片。该芯片主要由鉴频鉴相器、电荷泵、环路滤波器、压控振荡器和分频器等子模块组成,在锁相环电荷泵模块中,使用共源共栅电流镜结构精准镜像电流以减小电流失配和用运放钳位电压进一步减小相位噪声。测试结果表明,该锁相环芯片在1.8 V电源电压、输入50 MHz参考时钟条件下,可稳定输出200 MHz的差分时钟信号,时钟均方根抖动为2.26 ps(0.45 mUI),相位噪声在1 MHz频偏处为-105.83 dBc/Hz。芯片整体功耗实测为23.4 mW,锁相环核心功耗为2.02 mW。     

一种基于熵源分离模型的可重构安全原语

在信息爆炸时代,信息的安全问题受到了广泛关注。在物联网设备的加密协议中,物理不可克隆函数(PUF)与真随机数发生器成为加密协议中基本的安全原语,提供了轻量级的解决方案。文章提出了一种熵源分离模型,能够分离环形振荡器中抖动(真随机数发生器的熵)和工艺偏差(PUF熵)引起的延时。基于该模型,在FPGA上设计了一种可重构的双工作模式电路,通过改变模式可分别生成PUF和真随机数。相较于FPGA上独立设计的PUF和真随机数发生器,该结构具有资源开销小、面积利用率高、功耗低等优势。实验结果表明,生成的PUF稳定性高、唯一性强、均匀性好;真随机数序列均通过了NIST测试,具有高随机性和不可预测性。     

基于频率解调的半球谐振陀螺控制系统设计

与力平衡模式相比,半球谐振陀螺的全角模式具有测量范围大及线性度高等优点。该文针对现有全角模式解调方案里驻波方位角计算过程中存在的精度损失,以及输出对温度变化敏感等问题,以行波线性叠加原理为基础,提出基于顺时针、逆时针行波同步频率解调的半球谐振子驻波信息解算方法。设计基于频率解调的全角模式半球谐振陀螺多回路控制方法,实现驻波的频率、幅度及正交控制。针对现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)电路算法优化难及浮点运算精度低等问题,设计并实现了现场可编程门阵列+数字信号处理(FPGA+DSP)双核心半球谐振陀螺数字控制电路。通过实物实验验证了该文提出的控制方案及数字控制电路的有效性。实验结果表明,此方法可减小由温度波动引起的谐振频率改变对陀螺输出的影响。     

边缘负载FBAR谐振器有限元仿真分析

外部激励施加于薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)时会激发纵向与横向剪切的振动,引发能量损耗,为了减少寄生谐振,降低FBAR器件的工作损耗,提高器件的品质因数,故需要抑制横向剪切振动。该文采用有限元仿真法讨论了顶电极边缘负载参数对FBAR器件横向寄生的影响,并通过COMSOL仿真软件实现且制备了结构完整的谐振器。测试结果表明,负载结构可有效提升器件品质因数约10%。     

Nanoheterojunction Engineering Enables NIR-II-Triggered Photonic Hyperthermia and Pyroelectric Catalysis for Tumor-Synergistic Therapy

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a non-invasive strategy shows high promise in cancer treatment. However, owing to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and light irradiation-mediated rapid electron–hole pair recombination, the therapeutic efficacy of PDT is dramatically discounted by limited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Herein, a multifunctional theranostic nanoheterojunction is rationally developed, in which 2D niobium carbide (Nb₂C) MXene is in situ grown with barium titanate (BTO) to generate a robust photo-pyroelectric catalyst, termed as BTO@Nb₂C nanosheets, for enhanced ROS production, originating from the effective electron–hole pair separation induced by the pyroelectric effect. Under the second near-infrared (NIR-II) laser irradiation, Nb₂C MXene core-mediated photonic hyperthermia regulates temperature variation around BTO shells facilitating the electron–hole spatial separation, which reacts with the surrounding O₂ and H₂O molecules to yield toxic ROS, achieving a synergetic effect by means of combinaterial photothermal therapy with pyrocatalytic therapy. Correspondingly, the engineered BTO@Nb₂C composite nanosheets feature benign biocompatibility and high antitumor efficiency with the tumor-inhibition rate of 94.9% in vivo, which can be applied as an imaging-guided real-time non-invasive synergetic dual-mode therapeutic nanomedicine for efficient tumor nanotherapy.     

Exploring a Stable and Dense 3D Lead Chloride Hybrid with Emission of Self-Trapped Excitons toward X-Ray Scintillation

The exceptional photophysical properties of 3D organic–inorganic lead halide hybrids (OILHs) endow their significant potential for usage in optoelectronics, which has sparked intense research on novel 3D OILHs and associated applications. However, constructing new 3D OILHs based on large organic cations suffers from tough challenges due to the limitation of the Goldschmidt tolerance factor rule, let alone further explorations of their practical applications. Herein, a brand-new 3D lead chloride hybrid, (1MPZ)Pb₄Cl₁₀·H₂O ( 1 , 1MPZ = 1-methylpiperazine) is reported, featuring a dense 3D lead chloride framework made of the corner-, edge-, and face-shared lead chloride polyhedra. 1 presents a broadband white light emission with a large Stokes shift and a nanosecond photoluminescence lifetime, which originates from radiative recombination of self-trapped excitons (STEs) induced by the highly distorted structure. Such a reabsorption-free and fast-decayed STEs emission coupling with the dense 3D architecture further enables 1 with effective X-ray scintillation with good sensitivity. Impressively, 1 also shows superior environmental and radiation stability. This study provides a new 3D OILH with appealing luminescence, not only expanding the 3D OILH family but also inspiring the exploitation of their optoelectronic applications.