Unsupervised model-driven neural network based image denoising for transmission line monitoring

With the expansion of smart grid and Internet of things (IoT) technology, edge computing has a wide variety of applications in these domains. The criteria for real-time monitoring and accuracy are particularly high in the field of online real-time monitoring of electricity lines. Based on edge technology, high-quality real-time monitoring can be performed for transmission lines using image processing techniques. Therefore, we propose an image denoising method, which can learn clean images using a stream-based generative model. The stream model uses a two-stage approach in the network to handle the different training periods of denoising separately. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good denoising performance.     

Reduced Graphene Oxides Modified Bi2Te3 Nanosheets for Rapid Photo-Thermoelectric Catalytic Therapy of Bacteria-Infected Wounds

Temperature variation-induced thermoelectric catalytic efficiency of thermoelectric material is simultaneously restricted by its electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity. Herein, Bi₂Te₃ nanosheets are in situ grown on reduced graphene oxides (rGO) to generate an efficient photo-thermoelectric catalyst (rGO-Bi₂Te₃). This system exhibits phonon scattering effect and extra carrier transport channels induced by the formed heterointerface between rGO and Bi₂Te₃, which improves the power factor value and reduces thermal conductivity, thus enhancing the thermoelectric performance of 2.13 times than single Bi₂Te₃. The photo-thermoelectric catalysis of rGO-Bi₂Te₃ significantly improves the reactive oxygen species yields, resulting from the effective electron–hole separation caused by the unique thermoelectric field and heterointerfaces of rGO-Bi₂Te₃. Correspondingly, the electrospinning membranes containing rGO-Bi₂Te₃ nanosheets exhibit high antibacterial efficiency in vivo (99.35 ± 0.29%), accelerated tissue repair ability, and excellent biosafety. This study provides an insight into heterointerface design in photo-thermoelectric catalysis.     

Flexible Transparent Bifunctional Capacitive Sensors with Superior Areal Capacitance and Sensing Capability based on PEDOT:PSS/MXene/Ag Grid Hybrid Electrodes

Flexible transparent supercapacitors (FTSs) have aroused considerable attention. Nonetheless, balancing energy storage capability and transparency remains challenging. Herein, a new type of FTSs with both excellent energy storage and superior transparency is developed based on PEDOT:PSS/MXene/Ag grid ternary hybrid electrodes. The hybrid electrodes can synergistically utilize the high optoelectronic properties of Ag grids, the excellent capacitive performance of MXenes, and the superior chemical stability of PEDOT:PSS, thus, simultaneously demonstrating excellent optoelectronic properties (T: ≈89%, R_s: ≈39 Ω sq⁻¹), high areal specific capacitance, superior mechanical softness, and excellent anti-oxidation capability. Due to the excellent comprehensive performances of the hybrid electrodes, the resulting FTSs exhibit both high optical transparency (≈71% and ≈60%) and large areal specific capacitance (≈3.7 and ≈12 mF cm⁻²) besides superior energy storage capacity (P: 200.93, E: 0.24 µWh cm⁻²). Notably, the FTSs show not only excellent energy storage but also exceptional sensing capability, viable for human activity recognition. This is the first time to achieve FTSs that combine high transparency, excellent energy storage and good sensing all-in-one, which make them stand out from conventional flexible supercapacitors and promising for next-generation smart flexible energy storage devices.     

Multifunctional Organic Potassium Salt Additives as the Efficient Defect Passivator for High-Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Despite the rapid developments are achieved for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the existence of various defects in the devices still limits the further enhancement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the long-term stability of devices. Herein, the efficient organic potassium salt (OPS) of para-halogenated phenyl trifluoroborates is presented as the precursor additives to improve the performance of PSCs. Studies have shown that the 4-chlorophenyltrifluoroborate potassium salt (4-ClPTFBK) exhibits the most effective interaction with the perovskite lattice. Strong coordination between  BF₃⁻/halogen in anion and uncoordinated Pb²⁺/halide vacancies, along with the hydrogen bond between F in  BF₃⁻ and H in FA⁺ are observed. Thus, due to the synergistic contribution of the potassium and anionic groups, the high-quality perovskite film with large grain size and low defect density is achieved. As a result, the optimal devices show an enhanced efficiency of 24.50%, much higher than that of the control device (22.63%). Furthermore, the unencapsulated devices present remarkable thermal and long-term stability, maintaining 86% of the initial PCE after thermal test at 80 °C for 1000 h and 95% after storage in the air for 2460 h.     

Proximity-Induced Fully Ferromagnetic Order with Eightfold Magnetic Anisotropy in Heavy Transition Metal Oxide CaRuO3

Ferromagnetic materials with a strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) have attracted much attention in recent years because of their exotic properties and potential applications in energy-efficient spintronics. However, such materials are scarce in nature. Here, a proximity-induced paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition for the heavy transition metal oxide CaRuO₃ in (001)-(LaMnO₃/CaRuO₃) superlattices is reported. Anomalous Hall effect is observed in the temperature range up to 180 K. Maximal anomalous Hall conductivity and anomalous Hall angle are as large as ∼15 Ω⁻¹ cm⁻¹ and ∼0.93%, respectively, by one to two orders of magnitude larger than those of the typical 3d ferromagnetic oxides such as La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃. Density functional theory calculations indicate the existence of avoid band crossings in the electronic band structure of the ferromagnetic CRO layer, which enhances Berry curvature thus strong anomalous Hall effects. Further evidences from polarized neutron reflectometry show that the CaRuO₃ layers are in a fully ferromagnetic state (∼0.8 μ_B/Ru), in sharp contrast to the proximity-induced canted antiferromagnetic state in 5d oxides SrIrO₃ and CaIrO₃ (∼0.1 μ_B/Ir). More than that, the magnetic anisotropy of the (001)-(LaMnO₃/CaRuO₃) superlattices is eightfold symmetric, showing potential applications in the technology of multistate data storage.     

Spidermen Strategy for Stable 24% Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

The interface energetics-modification plays an important role in improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) among the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Considering the low carrier mobility caused by defects in PSCs, a double-layer modification engineering strategy is adopted to introduce the “spiderman” NOBF₄ (nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate) between tin dioxide (SnO₂ and perovskite layers. NO⁺, as the interfacial bonding layer, can passivate the oxygen vacancy in SnO₂, while BF₄⁻ can optimize the defects in the bulk of perovskite. This conclusion is confirmed by theoretical calculation and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synergistic effect of NO⁺ and BF₄⁻ distinctly heightens the carrier extraction efficiency, and the PCE of PSCs is 24.04% with a fill factor (FF) of 82.98% and long-term stability. This study underlines the effectiveness of multifunctional additives in improving interface contact and enhancing PCE of PSCs.     

太赫兹网络中基于中继协作转发的高效双信道MAC协议

针对现有多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)太赫兹通信网络双信道MAC协议存在波束重叠干扰和冗余控制开销等问题,提出了一种太赫兹网络中基于中继协作转发的双信道MAC协议(High Efficiency Dual channel MAC Protocol Based on Relay Cooperative Forwarding in Terahertz Networks, HE-RCFMAC)。HE-RCFMAC协议包含动态帧聚合、基于位置信息自适应协作转发和精简RTS(Request To Send)/CTS(Clear To Send)帧三种机制。经三种机制处理后,可有效提升信道利用率,同时减小控制开销,提高数据传输成功率和整体网络吞吐量。仿真结果表明,所提协议与现有的MIMO太赫兹双信道MAC协议相比,MAC层吞吐量、数据传输成功率和信道利用率分别提升了12.82%、12.28%和8.73%,证明了所提协议的有效性。     

基于钛相变边缘传感器的超导单光子探测器特性

研究了基于钛TES的超导单光子探测器的特性,器件尺寸范围为5 μm×5 μm到20 μm×20 μm,集成光学腔体后在1 550 nm波长实测的系统探测效率最高达到72%,最佳能量分辨率为0.26 eV。在此基础上,采用二流体模型提取了基于钛TES的超导单光子探测器的特性参数（包括温度灵敏度、电流灵敏度、热容等）,并模拟计算了基于钛TES的超导单光子探测器的响应时间和能量分辨率,与实验结果完全吻合。结果表明优化探测器尺寸和临界温度,可以同时达到高探测效率和高能量分辨率,实现光子数可分辨的高性能单光子探测器。     

InPBi薄膜材料的结构性能和光学性能研究

室温下,InPBi表现出强而宽的光致发光光谱,其宽光谱特性来自于材料中的PIn反位深能级和与Bi相关的深能级。该特性使得InPBi有希望应用于制备光学相干层析扫描系统中的超辐射光源。文章利用透射电子显微镜和三维原子探针研究了InPBi薄膜材料的结构性能,发现Bi原子在InPBi薄膜中的分布极不均匀,在InPBi/InP界面出现了Bi的富集区,从该区域沿[001]方向出现了Bi的纳米面,此纳米面位于(110)平面上。这种Bi原子的富集分布阻碍了PIn反位参与的载流子复合过程,对InPBi的光学性能有显著的影响。研究结果可为制造光学相干层析扫描系统的超辐射发光二极管提供一定的理论基础。     

5G价值面,BSS/OSS融合的下一站

随着移动通信与互联网技术的发展,传统通信业务已由单一的语音通信,发展为多元化、个性化的融合信息服务,通信产业价值链结构从以运营商为中心的模式向以用户体验为中心的模式转变。互联网与内容提供商以“内容驱动”为理念,灵活快速地迭代产品并响应用户需求,市场份额快速提升,这导致运营商在产业价值链中逐渐被“管道化”。在数字化转型过程中,运营商通过重构、抽象5G网络功能,实现了网络按需编排、灵活适配和快速部署的能力,并基于业务支撑系统（business support system,BSS）/运营支撑系统（operation support system,OSS）(BO)融合与以用户为中心的运营模式增强用户体验,以期实现在产业价值链中地位和价值的提升。在回顾通信产业价值链发展的基础上,分析了运营商价值提升所面临的挑战,提出了一种基于5G网络嵌入式服务的5G价值面体系架构,给出了典型应用场景,并为运营商5G价值面的演进提供了路径建议,助力运营商驶向BO融合的下一站。