氧载体的氧物种直接氧化甲烷制合成气

甲烷部分氧化制合成气由于合成气中n(H2)/n(CO)接近2,可直接用于甲醇合成或烃类F-T合成等后续工业过程而在国内外受到了广泛的关注。利用氧载体的氧物种在无气相氧下直接选择氧化甲烷制合成气是天然气化工利用的新方法,本文介绍了该方法的基本原理、概念工艺和对氧载体的性能要求,对应用于该方法的铈基复合氧化物的掺杂和助剂对选择氧化甲烷性能的影响、钙钛矿氧化物氧载体的氧缺陷、氧物种迁移、结构稳定性及其氧物种氧化甲烷的性能进行了阐述和分析,提出了控制氧载体表面状态是获得高合成气选择性的关键,并对该技术今后的研究重点进行了展望。     

BEM for simulation of a 2D elastic body with randomly distributed circular inclusions

Based on our 2D BEM software THBEM2 which can be applied to the simulation of an elastic body with randomly distributed identical circular holes, a scheme of BEM for the simulation of elastic bodies with randomly distributed circular inclusions is proposed. The numerical examples given show that the boundary element method is more accurate and more effective than the finite element method for such a problem. The scheme presented can also be successfully used to estimate the effective elastic properties of composite materials. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19772025).     

淡水瓣鳃类鳃的扫描电镜观察

运用扫描电镜观察了圆顶珠蚌,褶纹冠蚌,背角无齿蚌,卵形尖嵴蚌及河蚬的鳃表面纤毛的分布,排列方式及细微形态结构,结果表明：这５种蚌的鳃表面都有前纤毛,侧纤毛和前侧纤毛。此餐,仅在河蚬鳃表面前纤毛和前侧纤毛之间,观察到一种新的纤毛结构－前触毛。这一结构可能在河蚬取食时起作用。     

海水富营养化评价的主成分-聚类分析方法

根据主成分分析和聚类分析理论 ,针对海水富营养化评价因子间的相关性 ,提出了海水富营养化的主成分 -聚类分析综合评价方法 .该方法能根据实测资料对海水富营养化状况客观地分类并计算出评价权值 ,避免了主观随意性 .将其应用于 2 0 0 0年 5月至 2 0 0 1年 5月柘林湾海水富营养化程度的分类与评价 ,结果与实际吻合 .     

广义正交码索引调制系统的性能分析

为了提高码索引调制（code index modulation,CIM）系统的传输效率,提出了一种具有更低复杂度的单输入单输出（single input single output,SISO）的广义正交码索引调制（generalized orthogonal code index modulation,GQCIM）系统。CIM系统使用扩频码和星座符号传输信息,但只能激活两个扩频码索引和一个调制符号。而GQCIM系统以一种新颖的方式克服了只激活一个调制符号的限制,同时充分利用了调制符号的正交性,增加扩频码索引以传输更多的额外信息位,提高了系统的传输效率。此外,分析了GQCIM系统的理论性能,推导了误码率性能的上界。通过蒙特卡罗仿真验证了GQCIM系统的性能,对比发现GQCIM系统的理论和仿真性能一致。而且在相同的传输效率下,结果显示GQCIM系统的性能优于同样具有正交性的调制系统,如广义码索引调制（generalized code index modulation,GCIM）系统、CIM系统、码索引调制-正交空间调制（code index modulation aided quadrat...     

低相干光干涉法延时测量中的误差分析

低相干光干涉法通过测量宽谱光通过待测器件之后的相位变化得到其相对延时量。采集宽谱光时域干涉数据,利用傅里叶变换提取出频域相位信息后再进行相位展开、多项式拟合处理,所得相位曲线对频率求导可得待测延时曲线。延时测量误差来源于干涉信号强度误差和纯相位误差。理论分析和仿真计算表明,延时误差与相位误差成正比;强度噪声引起的相位误差与噪声强度成正比,且该类噪声可通过曲线拟合算法得到有效抑制。实验表明,温度等环境因素引起的纯相位误差是延时测量误差的主要因素。实验上,对约19 m光子晶体光纤于1540~1560 nm波段的相对延时进行了测量,达到了0.14 ps的精度。     

Differential privacy protection technology and its application in big data environment

The privacy protection in big data is a research hotspot in the field of cyberspace security.As a strict and provable definition of privacy protection,studying application status of differential privacy protection in big data environment can provide reference and guidance for its subsequent system applications.Based on the analysis of the related concepts and technical characteristics of differential privacy protection,the application of differential privacy protection technology was reviewed in data distribution and analysis,cloud computing and big data computing,location and trajectory services and social networks,which expounded the current representative research results and analyzed its existing problems.The research shows that the existing results have made effective innovation and exploration of differential privacy protection applications from the aspects of differential privacy protection mechanism,noise addition mechanism and location,and data processing methods,and the related results have been cross-applied in different scenarios.Finally,four major problems that need to be studied in the further systematic application of differential privacy protection in the big data environment are proposed.     

几何变换归一化在盲图像水印算法中的应用

在水印技术的应用中，针对几何攻击的鲁棒性一直是一个难题。这主要是由于即使很小的尺度或旋转攻击，都会使接收图像失去与原水印图像的同步，从而无法检测出水印。提出一种利用几何矩对原始图像和接收图像进行归一化处理的方法，使水印的嵌入和检测都在同步的基础上进行。该方法具有鲁棒性好、校正精度高、运算简单的特点，同时检测端不需要原始图像。实验证明本算法对翻转、旋转和尺度变化等几何攻击具有很好的鲁棒性。     

物联网分布式路由中基于Beta函数的抗攻击信任管理模型

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT), the issue of trust in distributed routing systems has attracted more research attention. The existing trust management frameworks, however, suffer from some possible attacks in hostile environments, such as false accusation, collusion, on-off, and conflicting behavior. Therefore, more comprehensive models should be proposed to predict the trust level of nodes on potential routes more precisely, and to defeat several kinds of possible attacks. This paper makes an attempt to design an attack-resistant trust management model based on beta function for distributed routing strategy in IoT. Our model can evaluate and propagate reputation in distributed routing systems. We first describe possible attacks on existing systems. Our model is then proposed to establish reliable trust relations between self-organized nodes and defeat possible attacks in distributed routing systems. We also propose a theoretical basis and skeleton of our model. Finally, some performance evaluations and security analyses are provided to show the effectiveness and robustness of our model compared with the existing systems.     

45钢表面激光熔覆Fe901合金的摩擦磨损性能

在45钢表面制备了Fe901激光熔覆层,检测了熔覆层的组织、物相与硬度,采用干摩擦方式对激光熔覆层与45钢试样进行了摩擦磨损实验。结果表明:熔覆层组织均匀致密,组成相主要为马氏体和少量CrFeB、Cr7C3金属间化物;熔覆层的平均硬度为718 HV,显著高于基体的硬度(269 HV);45钢的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损、疲劳剥落和氧化磨损,熔覆层的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损;当加载载荷为10,20,30 N时,在干摩擦条件下,激光熔覆层的摩擦因数比45钢低,相对耐磨性分别为45钢的4、18、20倍,表明激光熔覆Fe901合金显著提高了45钢的耐磨性能。