Robust adaptive sliding mode control for synchronization of space-clamped FitzHugh–Nagumo neurons

Unlike taking the same external electrical stimulation to discuss chaotic synchronization in the literature, the synchronization between two uncouple FitzHugh?CNagumo (FHN) neurons with different ionic currents and external electrical stimulations is considered. The main contribution of this study is the application of a robust adaptive sliding-mode controller instead of the active elimination. The proposed sliding mode controller associated with time varying feedback gains cannot only tackle the system uncertainties and external disturbances, but also compensate for the mismatch nonlinear dynamics of synchronized error system without direct cancellation. Meanwhile, these feedback gains are not determined in advance but updated by the adaptive laws. Sufficient conditions to guarantee the stable synchronization are given in the sense of the Lyapunov stability theorem. In addition, numerical simulations are also performed to verify the effectiveness of presented scheme.     

Unexpected formation of dinaphthoaza-17-crown-5 ether containing γ-aminopiperidine subunit

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Novel materials for bioanalytical and biomedical applications: Environmental response and binding/release capabilities of amphiphilic hydrogels with shape‐persistent dendritic junctions

The binding and release capabilities of a hydrogel series, constructed of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) segments and hydrophobic dendritic junctions [poly (benzyl ether)s], are evaluated in aqueous media. The environmental response of the amphiphilic networks is also tested in water at three pH values: 1.5, 7.0, and 10.1. The highest swelling ratio is observed under acidic conditions and varies between 3.7 and 6.5, depending on the crosslinking density and dendrimer generation. Gel specimens with embedded indicators react within 3–6 s with a clear color switch to the change in the pH of the surrounding medium. The experiments with model anionic and cationic indicators and stains show that the hydrogels have basic interiors. The gel binding capabilities depend on the water solubility of the substrate and on the size of the incorporated dendritic fragments. Model release studies have been performed at 37 °C and pHs 1.5, 7.0, and 10.1. The observed phenomena are explained by the transformations in the structure and charge that both the networks and the model compounds undergo with the changes in the pH of the aqueous medium. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 4017–4029, 2005     

燃煤锅炉粉煤灰中典型痕量金属元素淋滤特性研究

本文通过批淋滤实验研究了某电厂2号炉三个静电除尘器下粉煤灰中Cd、Cr、Pb、V的淋滤特性.淋滤液选择pH=4的HCI和pH=10的NaOH溶液,液固比为4:1;批淋滤选取从15分钟到7天的14个时间进行.实验结果显示,在实验条件下,Cr在酸性条件下淋出滤较高,而Pb在碱性条件下淋出滤较高;其中Cr随着淋滤时间的增加,淋出滤有显著增加,且三种粉煤灰中淋出滤大小为LCr3>LCr2>LCr1.     

Biochemical sensor based on a novel all-fibre cavity ring down spectroscopy technique incorporating a tilted fibre Bragg grating

A novel all-fibre cavity ring down spectroscopy technique is proposed where a tilt fibre Bragg grating (TFBG) or long-period grating (LPG) in the cavity provides sensitivity to surrounding medium. Such configuration with an LPG as the representative was theoretically analyzed. Two spectral bands were identified employable for sensing of surrounding refractive index for a weak LPG while only one band existed for a strong LPG. A TFBG, with enhanced sensitivity compared to usual LPGs, was used in a ring down cavity of 1 m constructed with 2 fibre Bragg gratings as the reflectors and the decay time changed from 220 to 450 ns when the TFBG was immersed into water from air.     

Deuterium solid echo line shape study of poly(ethylene oxide) dynamics in a blend with poly(methyl methacrylate)

Deuterium solid echo line shapes were measured on deuterated poly(ethylene oxide) (d₄PEO) in a blend with protonated poly(methyl methacrylate) to characterize chain dynamics of this component in the blend. Line shapes were observed as a function of temperature from 183 to 243 K and echo delay times from 10 to 100 μs on a blend containing 20 wt % d₄PEO. The line shapes and the associated relative intensities were quantitatively interpreted in terms of segmental motion and libration. The results of the interpretation are compared to an earlier study of deuterium spin‐lattice relaxation times over the temperature range of 313 to 413 K. A combined interpretation of both sets of data is developed based on bimodal distribution of correlation times that are separated by about 2 orders of magnitude in time. The faster mode is 30% of the correlation function with a stretched exponent near one while the slower mode is characterized by an exponent of 0.5. The source of the bimodal character is not revealed by the line shape and relaxation data but is consistent with the presence of two glass transition temperatures in this miscible blend and anomalous translational diffusion of diethyl ether through the blend. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2433–2444, 2005     

Fermion Tunnels of Cylindrical Symmetric Black Hole and?the?Corrected Entropy

Using the method proposed by Banerjee and Majhi, we researched fermion tunneling from cylindrical symmetric black hole, and obtained the correctional entropy. In our work, we first prove that the ratios of the wave function’s components are constants near the horizon, so the reasonable action form of the Dirac equation can then be gotten. From the method beyond semiclassical approximation, we finally calculate the Hawking temperature and correctional entropy.     

Addition reaction and characterization of chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)iridium(I) on silicon(1 1 1) surfaces

Studies were performed to determine the chemical addition of a metal complex molecule, chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)iridium(I), on hydrogen passivated Si(1 1 1) surfaces to form a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). The iridium complex was synthesized prior to chemical addition, for which modified reaction conditions were chosen. Following addition, the silicon surfaces were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The XPS results revealed that the surfaces consisted of the expected elemental percentages and that the iridium has a slightly higher success rate at attaching to oxide-free surfaces. XPS data also strongly indicate that the iridium complex remained intact upon chemisorption and did not decompose during the addition reaction. CV data show a difference between iridium treated surfaces and control samples. Hydrogen passivated wafers with iridium complex were much more conductive than those which were terminated with just an oxide or with an oxide and iridium complex. Furthermore, no free iridium reagent was detected as an additional feature in the current profile, indicating there was no physisorbed layer.     

基于小世界网络的大学生社交网络模型研究

随着大学生社交网络使用的日趋频繁,有关大学生社交网络应用的研究也日益增多,本文采用在复杂网络研究中运用广泛的小世界网络理论,通过分析大学生社交网络的静态网络统计量,提出一种构造简单的大学生社交网络模型,并对其小世界特性进行了验证。     

大庆油田节能减排措施研究

石油作为我国一种极为重要的战略性资源,需要对其进行高效的利用。文章对于如何在石油集输的过程当中有效实验节能减排这一目标,提供了集中途径。主要的方法有：使用重油以取代原油,达到能源充分利用的目的;采用热电厂产生的余热蒸汽来替代原油,以达到能源的跨行业使用,最终达到节约能源的目的;采用含硫较低的煤层气以取代原油,达到能源使用的优化以及降低有害气体排放的目标。