全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9340篇 |
免费 | 1548篇 |
国内免费 | 860篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 5102篇 |
晶体学 | 42篇 |
力学 | 435篇 |
综合类 | 44篇 |
数学 | 926篇 |
物理学 | 2916篇 |
无线电 | 2283篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 42篇 |
2023年 | 248篇 |
2022年 | 283篇 |
2021年 | 376篇 |
2020年 | 422篇 |
2019年 | 336篇 |
2018年 | 288篇 |
2017年 | 292篇 |
2016年 | 402篇 |
2015年 | 456篇 |
2014年 | 511篇 |
2013年 | 665篇 |
2012年 | 802篇 |
2011年 | 830篇 |
2010年 | 565篇 |
2009年 | 535篇 |
2008年 | 572篇 |
2007年 | 540篇 |
2006年 | 500篇 |
2005年 | 407篇 |
2004年 | 316篇 |
2003年 | 226篇 |
2002年 | 235篇 |
2001年 | 170篇 |
2000年 | 178篇 |
1999年 | 197篇 |
1998年 | 164篇 |
1997年 | 181篇 |
1996年 | 173篇 |
1995年 | 150篇 |
1994年 | 129篇 |
1993年 | 126篇 |
1992年 | 94篇 |
1991年 | 80篇 |
1990年 | 67篇 |
1989年 | 39篇 |
1988年 | 37篇 |
1987年 | 34篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 28篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1916年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
931.
932.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms of mitochondrial DNA HVS‐I and HVS‐II in Chinese Bai ethnic group 下载免费PDF全文
Feng Chen Cai‐Yong Yin Xiao‐Qin Qian Han‐Ting Fan Ya‐Jun Deng Yu‐Dang Zhang Hao‐Tian Meng Chun‐Mei Shen Chun‐Hua Yang Rui Jin Bo‐Feng Zhu Peng Xu 《Electrophoresis》2015,36(6):930-936
For forensic and population genetic purposes, a total of 125 unrelated volunteers’ blood samples were collected from Chinese Bai ethnic minority group to analyze sequence variation of two hypervariable segments (HVS‐I and HVS‐II) in the mitochondrial DNA control region. Comparing the HVS‐I and HVS‐II sequences of the 125 Chinese Bais to the Anderson reference sequence, we found 86 polymorphic loci in HVS‐I and 40 in HVS‐II in mitochondrial DNA sequences of the Chinese Bai ethnic minority group, which defined 93 and 53 different haplotypes, respectively. Haplotype diversity and the mean pairwise differences were 0.992 ± 0.003 and 6.553 in HVS‐I, and 0.877 ± 0.027 and 2.407 in HVS‐II, respectively. We defined four macrohaplogroups R, M, N and D with the proportions ranging from 9.6% to 40.0%. With the analysis of the hypervariable domain from nucleotide 16 180–16 193 in HVS‐I, our study revealed new haplotypes of sequence variations. In addition, the Fst metric, phylogenetic tree, and principal component analysis demonstrated a close genetic relationship between the Bai group and Chinese Han populations from South China, Changsha, and Guangdong. The results support that the Bai group is a multiorigin ethnic minority that has merged with the Chinese Han population. 相似文献
933.
934.
Practical applications of chemical and biological detections through surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) require high reproducibility, sensitivity, and efficiency, along with low-cost, straightforward fabrication. In this work, we integrated a poly-(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) chip with quasi-3D gold plasmonic nanostructure arrays (Q3D-PNAs), which serve as SERS-active substrates, into an optofluidic microsystem for online sensitive and reproducible SERS detections. The Q3D-PNA PDMS chip was fabricated through soft lithography to ensure both precision and low-cost fabrication. The optimal dimension of the Q3D-PNA in PDMS was designed using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) electromagnetic simulations with a simulated enhancement factor (EF) of 1.6 × 106. The real-time monitoring capability of the SERS-based optofluidic microsystem was investigated by kinetic on/off experiments through alternatively flowing Rhodamine 6G (R6G) and ethanol in the microfluidic channel. A switch-off time of ∼2 min at a flow rate of 0.3 mL min−1 was demonstrated. When applied to the detection of low concentration malathion, the SERS-based optofluidic microsystem with Q3D-PNAs showed high reproducibility, significantly improved efficiency and higher detection sensitivity via increasing the flow rate. The optofluidic microsystem presented in this paper offers a simple and low-cost approach for online, label-free chemical and biological analysis and sensing with high sensitivity, reproducibility, efficiency, and molecular specificity. 相似文献
935.
936.
937.
Zhixiong Zhong Gongke Li Zhibin Luo Zhe Liu Yijuan Shao Wanwen He Jianchao Deng Xingling Luo 《Analytica chimica acta》2015
A carboxylated graphene oxide/polyvinyl chloride (CGO/PVC) material was prepared as a sorbent for the selective extraction of sulphonamides from complex sample. After being dispersed in buffer solution, sample was transferred into the prefabricated solid-phase extraction (SPE) column, which integrated extraction and cleanup into one single-step. A multi-response optimization based on the Box-Behnken design was used to optimize factors affecting extraction efficiency. Compared with the commonly commercial sorbents including MCX, WCX and C18, CGO/PVC hybrid material had higher extraction selectivity and capacity to sulphonamides. The limits of detection and quantification for seven target compounds were in the range of 3.4–7.1 μg/L and 11.4–23.7 μg/L, respectively. The self-assembly SPE cartridge was successfully used to enrich seven analytes in anti-acne cosmetics prior to ion chromatography detection with good recoveries of 87.8–102.0% and relative standard deviations of 1.2–6.4%, implying that this method was suitable for routine analysis of cosmetics. 相似文献
938.
939.
940.
In this work, a flame-retardant polypropylene(PP)/ramie fiber(RF) composite was prepared. The ramie fibers were wrapped chemically by a phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing flame retardant(FR) produced via in situ condensation reaction so as to suppress their candlewick effect. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) demonstrated that the ramie fibers wrapped chemically by FR(FR-RF) were obtained successfully. Thermogravimatric test showed that the PP/FR-RF composite had more residue and better thermal stability at high temperatures than the PP/RF composite. Cone calorimeter(CC) results indicated that the peak of heat release rate(PHRR) and total heat release(THR) correspondingly decreased by 23.4% and 12.5% compared with the values of neat PP/RF. The PP/FR-RF composite created a continuous and compact char layer after the combustion. Combining FTIR analysis of char residue after CC test with heat conduction coefficient results, it could be concluded that the charring of FR on RF greatly weakened the candlewick effect of RF, and more char residue in the RF domain facilitated the formation of more continuous and compact char layer in the whole combustion zone, consequently protected PP composites during combustion, resulting in the better flame retardancy of PP/FR-RF composite than that of PP/RF composite. 相似文献