相位检测面形术在大尺度三维面形测量中的应用

将相位检测面形术（ＰＭＰ）用于大尺度、高精度三维面形测量中。采用文中提出的双向高度坐标校正法,可以得到精确的物面三维坐标。提出了一种新的基于洪水算法的图像拼接法,采用此方法可以按最佳的途径将各子区域的高度分布合成整个物面的高度分布。     

动态三维面形测量的研究进展

近年来,光学非接触三维面形测量技术被深入研究和广泛应用,其中常采用的技术方案是投影一个载频条纹到被测物体表面,利用成像设备从另一个角度记录受被测物体高度调制的变形条纹图像,再从中解调重建出被测物体的三维面形分布。与单帧图像的傅里叶条纹分析方法相结合,这种基于条纹投影的调制和解调技术被拓展应用到动态过程(物体)的三维面形测量和重建中,以满足日益增长的动态过程分析需求。回顾了近年来在基于条纹投影和傅里叶分析的动态过程三维面形测量以及薄膜振动模式检测研究中的进展,讨论了不同动态过程的测量方法和测量系统,给出了相关应用的实验结果。讨论了该技术的优点和面临的挑战,并指出了该领域今后的发展动向。     

基于结构光投影的三维物体识别

本文提出了一种三维物体识别的新方法,将一正弦条纹投影到物体表面,摄像机得到的是有变形条纹的二维强度像。取出有变形条纹的二维强度像的基频分量的位相部分构造一个纯相位数字滤波器,以受到不同物体表面高度调制的有变形条纹的二维强度像作为输入图像,在频域中完成基频分量之间的相关,最后根据输出的相关峰值大小即可判别不同的物体。     

一种二维码和电子标签互通性系统模型及数据转换方法

随着现代贸易和物流行业信息化程度以及对产品的溯源要求越来越高,二维码和电子标签作为物流监管和产品溯源的两种常用技术各具优势,两者将长期协同助力物流和产品供应链实时监管。然而在二维码和电子标签之间进行信息转换处理的过程中,目前缺乏对应的数据转换方法。针对上述问题,构建了一种二维码和电子标签的互通性系统模型,并以编码数据结构商品二维码和SGTIN-198 EPC电子标签为载体研究了一种数据转换方法。该方法能有效应用于产品标识和溯源过程中,实现二维码和电子标签之间的数据转换。     

动态液面面形测量

将傅里叶变换轮廓术（FTP）运用到地动态液体面形测量,采用CCD快速获取由龙基（Ronchi）光谱投影到处于动态变化过程的液体表面上的一系列变形条纹,经过傅里叶变换,频谱滤波,逆傅里叶变换,三维相位展开等处理后得到的重建的一系列液面面形,能再现动态液面的变化过程,也能获取液体旋涡的一些特征参数,为流体力学相关研究提供了一种新的方法。     

光弹性测量中的位相展开

根据调制度排序，提出了一个新的用于模型全场光弹条纹级次测量的位相展开方法，并进行了实验验证。在位相展开区域的边界上，位相展开的路径由像素的强度调制决定。这个方法的优点是很明显的，即使在最坏情况下，其误差也限制在局部最小区域上。     

防空导弹光电制导的发展动向

以防空导弹光电制导系统为基础,介绍其应用现状及未来的发展动向。     

Enhanced Gain in Organic Photodetectors Using the Polymer with Singlet Open-Shell Ground State

Photodetectors are critical components in intelligent optoelectronic systems, and photomultiplication-capable devices are essential for detecting weak optical signals. Despite significant advances, developing photomultiplication-type organic photodetectors with high gain and low noise current simultaneously remains challenging. In this work, a new conjugated polymer PDN with singlet open-shell ground state is introduced in active layers for electron capture, and the corresponding PDN-based photodetectors exhibited an enhanced photoelectric gain and decreased dark current density at a low forward bias. At 1.5 V, the PDN-based ternary photodetector has the external quantum efficiency (EQE) up to 2552.3 % and the specific detectivity of 1.4×10¹⁴ Jones at 710 nm calculated by the measured noise current, with the gain 22 times higher than that of the control group. This study provides an approach for exploiting polymers with singlet open-shell ground state to enhance the gain of organic photodetectors.     

Solution‐Processed Laminated Perovskite Layers for High‐Performance Solar Cells

Laminated multilayers of perovskite films with different optical and electronic characteristics will easily realize high‐performance optoelectronic devices because it is widely demonstrated that differential distribution of film properties in the vertical direction of devices plays particularly important roles in device performance. However, the existing laminated perovskite films are hardly prepared by a solution process because there is no solvent with sufficient selectivity of solubility for different perovskite materials. Here, it is demonstrated that aniline (AN) has a largely different solubility toward the perovskite MAPbI₃ and the MAPbI₃ blend with an additive of hydrochloride diethylammonium chloride. By using AN as the solvent in the perovskite precursor solution, two laminated perovskite layers with different crystal size and optical and electrical characteristics are achieved. Inverted perovskite solar cells with the laminated films as active layers achieve an averaged power conversion efficiency of 20.65% originating from the high V_OC 1.112 V and fill factor of 80.8%. The devices maintain 98% efficiency after 400 h under 65% RH. This work provides a very simple and feasible method for production of laminated perovskite films to achieve high‐performance perovskite solar cells.     

Functionalized Gold Nanoclusters Identify Highly Reactive Oxygen Species in Living Organisms

Surface engineering of nanomaterials allows fine tuning of their interactions with biological systems, and thus can benefit their applications in monitoring intracellular events. Herein, the facile synthesis of ligand‐functionalized gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) as intracellular probes targeting highly reactive oxygen species (hROS, such as ?OH, ClO^?, and ONOO^?) is demonstrated. Selected ligands such as quaternary ammonium and oligopeptides are utilized to modulate the surface chemistry of AuNCs. It is shown that AuNCs decorated with the cell‐penetrating oligoarginine peptide facilitate cellular uptake and intracellular imaging of hROS in living cells and the zebrafish, with high stability and selectivity.