Temperature measurements using fiber optic polarization interferometer

A novel measurement method of temperature based on the phenomena that the phase difference between principle polarization states in the optical retarder is function of temperature is described. The polarization state of optical beam is changed as it passes through the optical retarder, which depends on the temperature. The temperature of optical retarder is determined by comparison of the power difference between principal polarization states. We demonstrate successfully the temperature measurement by using a polarization maintaining fiber as the optical retarder. With a 100 mm length of the fiber optic retarder, the change rate of phase difference on temperature was 0.236 rad/°C and the measurement error was ±0.038°C over the temperature range of −2.6 – +3.4°C. With a 11.5 mm length of the fiber optic retarder, the change rate of phase difference on temperature was 0.021 rad/°C and the measurement error was ±0.79°C over the temperature range of −8.5 – +86.5°C.     

水力机械内鲤鱼草鱼的压力损伤模拟试验

通过试验人工模拟水力机械内压力变化过程,测量压力时间变化,观察并解剖分析不同压力变化过程对鲤鱼和草鱼造成损伤的情况。试验发现,负压状态下的压力变化过程会对鱼的生存构成直接威胁,并得到了新型环保水力机械设计中应采用的压力时变导数极限值。     

Directed Motion of a Molecular Motor Based on the Four-State Model with Unequal Substeps

A periodic one-dimensional four-state hopping model is proposed. In the model, the substeps betweenarbitrary adjacent states are unequal, and an explicit solution of the master equation is first obtained for the probabilitydistribution as a function of the time and position for any initial distribution with all the transients included. Next, thetransient behaviors in the initial period of time and the characteristic time to reach the steady state for the molecularmotor are discussed. Finally, we compare the steady state results to experiments and illustrate qualitatively the kineticbehaviors of a molecular motor under external load F.     

Architectural Control of Hierarchical Nanobelt Superstructures in Catanionic Reverse Micelles

BaXO₄ (X = Mo, W) nanobelts and a variety of hierarchical superstructures assembled from the nanobelts have been synthesized in a catanionic reverse‐micelle system. The effects of various factors, such as the mixing ratio (r) between the anionic and cationic surfactants, the temperature, and the presence of polymeric additives, on the formation of the nanobelts and their hierarchical assembly have been examined in detail. In particular, r has been shown to be powerful in modulating the formation and assembly of the BaMoO₄ and BaWO₄ nanobelts. Architectural control of the penniform nanobelt superstructures has been readily achieved by changing the experimental parameters. A plausible two‐stage growth mechanism has been proposed for the formation of penniform BaXO₄ nanobelt superstructures in catanionic reverse micelles.     

Approximate confidence limits of the reliability performances for a cold standby series system

This paper is to investigate the approximate confidence limits of the reliability performances (such as failure rate, reliability function and average life) for a cold standby series system. The Bayesian approximate upper confidence limit of failure rate is obtained firstly, and next Bayesian approximate lower confidence limits for reliability function and average life are presented. The expressions for calculating Bayesian lower confidence limits of the reliability function and average life are also obtained, and an illustrative example is examined numerically by means of the Monte-Carlo simulation. Finally, the accuracy of confidence limits is discussed.     

数字全息中再现像分离问题的研究

详细分析了数字全息的再现像分离条件,指出数字全息和普通全息的再现像分离条件之间的区别,同时也讨论了再现条件对数字全息记录光路的要求,同时给出一种能部分避免再现像重叠的处理方法,并做出相应的实验验证.     

空间非相干多分量光束构成的非相干耦合屏蔽孤子对

两束本身具有空间非相干性的非相干多分量光束可以在光折变介质中形成非相干耦合 屏蔽孤子对，利用相干密度法得到了亮 亮、暗 暗型耦合孤子对的解，并研究了构成 非相干孤子对分量光束的相干组分的传播特性. 关键词： 空间非相干多分量光束 耦合孤子对 相干密度 相干组分     

Applying a Mode Selector to Improve the Pulse-Compression Performance of Asymmetric-Coupled-Waveguide-Based Dispersion Compensators

An InGaAsP slab-type asymmetric-coupled-waveguide-based dispersion compensator with a mode selector has been designed and fabricated. The mode selector is necessary to select either a symmetric [with a positive group-velocity dispersion (GVD)] or antisymmetric (with a negative GVD) supermode. These supermodes exist simultaneously in the dispersion-compensation region of the device. Pulse-compression experiments were used to test the dispersion compensator, evaluating the function of the mode selector. A theoretical study of the experimental results shows that the mode selector obtains a very strong selectivity (nearly 100%) for the antisymmetric supermode.     

An efficient synthesis of cyanoarenes and cyanoheteroarenes via lithiation followed by electrophilic cyanation

A one-pot procedure for the conversion of mono-substituted arenes and heteroarenes into the ortho-cyano derivatives was achieved through directed lithiation followed by electrophilic cyanation with phenyl cyanate. This reaction method proved to be applicable to halogen-lithium exchanged intermediates, so especially useful for the synthesis of benzonitriles. The scope of the reaction sequence was explored using a number of substrates.     

完全Rees矩阵半群的分解及性质

用等价关系Q^~出了完全Rees矩阵半群的一种分解．而且得到了它的每个Q^~一类的表示．