双向特征融合的快速精确任意形状文本检测

现有的基于分割的场景文本检测方法仍较难区分相邻文本区域,同时网络得到分割图后后处理阶段步骤复杂导致模型检测效率较低.为了解决此问题,该文提出一种新颖的基于全卷积网络的场景文本检测模型.首先,该文构造特征提取器对输入图像提取多尺度特征图.其次,使用双向特征融合模块融合两个平行分支特征的语义信息并促进两个分支共同优化.之后,该文通过并行地预测缩小的文本区域图和完整的文本区域图来有效地区分相邻文本.其中前者可以保证不同的文本实例之间具有区分性,而后者能有效地指导网络优化.最后,为了提升文本检测的速度,该文提出一个快速且有效的后处理算法来生成文本边界框.实验结果表明:在相关数据集上,该文所提出的方法均实现了最好的效果,且比目前最好的方法在F-measure指标上最多提升了1.0％,并且可以实现将近实时的速度,充分证明了该方法的有效性和高效性.     

Roll angle of autocollimator measurement method based on hollow cube corner reflector

In this paper, a method of measuring roll angle with hollow cube corner reflector (HCCR) is proposed. Firstly, the space coordinate vector relationship between the mirror and the autocollimator is established by using the Euler rotation relationship, and the structure of the HCCR is designed. Secondly, through the actual measurement of the HCCR reflector''s angle sensitivity, the specific formula of roll angle measurement is obtained. The experimental results show that the method can be used to measure the roll angle, and the maximum root mean square (RMS) error is 15" in the range of 350", and the repeatability of the experiment is better than 2.7". On the basis of retaining the traditional autocollimator, the plane mirror is replaced with HCCR, which realizes the measurement of the roll angle of the autocollimator. This method does not change the internal structure of the autocollimator system, and there is no process error caused by special processing technology, so as to retain the autocollimator''s own long measurement distance, high measurement accuracy, high system stability, and large range of measurement performance, and it can also be used in industrial production.     

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer with fixed and adaptive modulation

Activating Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) in Radio-Frequency (RF) to provide on-demand energy supply to widely deployed Internet of Everything devices is a key to the next-generation energy self-sustainable 6G network. However, Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) in the same RF bands is challenging. The majority of previous studies compared SWIPT performance to Gaussian signaling with an infinite alphabet, which is impossible to implement in any realistic communication system. In contrast, we study the SWIPT system in a well-known Nakagami-m wireless fading channel using practical modulation techniques with finite alphabet. The attainable rate-energy-reliability tradeoff and the corresponding rationale are revealed for fixed modulation schemes. Furthermore, an adaptive modulation-based transceiver is provided for further expanding the attainable rate-energy-reliability region based on various SWIPT performances of different modulation schemes. The modulation switching thresholds and transmit power allocation at the SWIPT transmitter and the power splitting ratios at the SWIPT receiver are jointly optimized to maximize the attainable spectrum efficiency of wireless information transfer while satisfying the WPT requirement and the instantaneous and average BER constraints. Numerical results demonstrate the SWIPT performance of various fixed modulation schemes in different fading conditions. The advantage of the adaptive modulation-based SWIPT transceiver is validated.     

Help from space: grant-free massive access for satellite-based IoT in the 6G era

The Sixth-Generation (6G) standard for wireless communications is expected to realize ubiquitous coverage for massive Internet of Things (IoT) networks by 2030. Satellite-based communications are recognized as a highly promising technical enabler to satisfy IoT service requirements in the 6G era. This study analyzes multiple access technologies, which are essential for the effective deployment of satellite-based IoT. First, we thoroughly investigate the existing research related to massive access, including information-theory considerations as well as Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Random Access (RA) technologies.Then, we explore the influence of the satellite transmission environment on multiple access technologies. Based on this study, a Non-orthogonal Massive Grant-Free Access (NoMaGFA) scheme, which reaps the joint benefits of RA and NOMA, is proposed for asynchronous transmissions in satellite-based IoT to achieve improved system throughput and enhance the system robustness under varying traffics. Finally, we identify some important and interesting future developments for satellite-based IoT, including waveform design, transceiver design, resource allocation, and artificial intelligence-enhanced design.     

Research advances on blockchain-as-a-service: architectures,applications and challenges

Due to the complexity of blockchain technology, it usually costs too much effort to build, maintain and monitor a blockchain system that supports a targeted application. To this end, the emerging “Blockchain as a Service” (BaaS) makes the blockchain and distributed ledgers more accessible, particularly for businesses, by reducing costs and overheads. BaaS combines the high computing power of cloud computing, the pervasiveness of IoT and the decentralization of blockchain, allowing people to build their own applications while ensuring the transparency and openness of the system. This paper surveys the research outputs of both academia and industry. First, it introduces the representative architectures of BaaS systems and then summarizes the research contributions of BaaS from the technologies for service provision, roles, container and virtualization, interfaces, customization and evaluation. The typical applications of BaaS in both academic and practical domains are also introduced. At present, the research on the blockchain is abundant, but research on BaaS is still in its infancy. Six challenges of BaaS are concluded in this paper for further study directions.     

聚类分割的交互式遥感热红外图像模糊增强北大核心CSCD

交互式遥感热红外图像在边缘区域的像素呈现较强交互干扰,缺少必要区分过程,导致增强后的交互式遥感热红外图像视觉效果差、抗噪性能差、增强效率低。提出基于聚类分割的交互式遥感热红外图像模糊增强方法,采用模糊C均值聚类算法,对交互式遥感热红外图像聚类分割处理,对边缘区域特殊及弱小交互目标分割,进一步区分交互区域的干扰,缩短后期增强所用的时间。采用中值滤波方法去除交互式遥感热红外图像中存在的噪声,结合Sobel算子和二阶微分算子的拉普拉斯算子对去噪后的交互式遥感热红外图像进行锐化处理,通过图像去噪和图像锐化实现交互式遥感热红外图像的模糊增强。仿真实验可知,所提方法进行交互式遥感热红外图像模糊增强所获取的图像清晰度较高、抗噪性能较佳、增强效率较高。     

基于改进Kalman滤波模型的扫描合成孔径雷达图像扇贝效应校正方法

星载扫描合成孔径雷达(ScanSAR)采取Burst工作模式,该模式在获得宽幅测绘能力的同时,也导致图像中产生了固有的扇贝效应,严重影响图像的视觉效果和定量应用。该文结合对ScanSAR图像方位向统计特性的分析,针对现有滤波模型稳定性差和时间复杂度高等缺点,提出了一种改进的Kalman滤波模型,对图像方位向标准差和均值进行滤波以校正扇贝条纹。在高分三号(GF-3)卫星获取的真实ScanSAR图像上的校正结果验证了改进算法的有效性和高效性,此外在建筑群和海陆交界等复杂场景图像上的实验结果表明,改进算法具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Electrically Conductive Carbon-Nanotube Framework Materials

Semiconductors - Conductive materials based on carbon and its modifications are most promising for creating biointerfaces. Such materials can be used for the targeted stimulation of cells and...