Is layering, harmful? [remote procedure call]

Remote procedure call (RPC) mechanisms over the US Department of Defense transmission control protocol. (TCP) can produce behavior analogous to the silly window syndrome because of a mismatched interface between the socket and the TCP modules. The detection and diagnosis of the problem are addressed. Some pointers to a design approach that could avoid the problems of mismatched communication layers are provided     

Application of coupling methods to the Neumann eigenvalue problem

Summary By using coupling methods, some lower bounds are obtained for the first Neumann eigenvalue on Riemannian manifolds. This method is new and the results improve some known estimates. An example shows that our estimates can be sharp.Research supported in part by the Foundation of Beijing Normal University     

X-ray evidence for the absence of 90°-domains in polycrystalline PbTiO3 thin films with grains below a critical size

3 thin films is systematically studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The PbTiO₃ thin films with different average grain sizes were prepared on various substrates by a sol-gel process. The films on NaCl and fused glass are randomly grain-oriented, while those on (111)Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si are highly {100} cubic index grain-oriented . It is found from the XRD patterns of the films on NaCl that with decreasing average grain size from 230 to 80 nm, the intensities of high h index (h>l) peaks (hkl), such as (100), (110), (200), (201), (210), (211), etc., decrease rapidly and ultimately disappear, whereas another set of peaks (lkh), including (001), (002), (102), (112), etc., are still intense. This interesting result suggests that at grain size below a certain critical size an increasing number of grains no longer show 90°-domains, which is confirmed by TEM observations. Meanwhile, X-ray evidence of such a grain-size-related absence of 90°-domains is also found for PbTiO₃ films on Pt(111) and fused-glass substrates. The volume fractions of single-domain grains (without 90°-domains) in the films are estimated from their XRD patterns. By combining SEM and TEM investigations, the critical grain size for the formation of 90°-domains is further determined to be near 200 nm. Received: 19 December 1996/Accepted: 24 March 1997     

Rejection of narrowband interference in DS spread spectrum systemsemploying minimum redundant nonlinear filters

A new nonlinear filter structure, the minimum redundant nonlinear filter (MRNF), for combating narrowband interference in direct sequence spread spectrum systems is proposed. Analytical expressions for the signal-to-noise ratio improvement factors are derived under the condition of single tone interference. The results show that the MRNF provides significantly better performance than the minimum redundant transversal filter     

High-breakdown-voltage AlSbAs/InAs n-channel field-effecttransistors

InAs channel field-effect transistors of 1-μm gate length were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and observed to operate at channel electric fields (20 kV/cm) higher than previously demonstrated and several times greater than the threshold for impact ionization in bulk InAs. Voltage gains on the order of 10 were observed with transconductances as high as 414 mS/mm and output conductances as low as 33 mS/mm. These voltage gains are comparable to those of GaAs-based devices and are the highest observed for InAs channel devices. The results demonstrate the potential for practical room-temperature operation of InAs FETs     

Matching score properties between range profiles of high-resolutionradar targets

In this paper, how the statistical properties of the matching scores are affected by the carrier frequency, the aspect variation, the range resolution, and the target complexity are studied. The statistical parameters (mean and standard deviation) of the matching scores among range profiles of independent objects are derived, and their values are used as references to determine the threshold values for target identification. It is found that the range profile obtained at a certain carrier frequency can also be used as the feature vector for radars operated at shifted frequencies if the range resolution is fine enough or the target is simple. It is also found that a radar with higher range resolution can tolerate more aspect variation, yielding a significant advantage in saving memory space for establishing the data base. The results obtained can have several applications such as target identification, data association in multiple target tracking, and target direction determination when widely-spaced high-resolution radars are employed     

一种可用于可调谐环行Ti：Al_2O_3激光器的宽带单向器

本文介绍一种宽带单向器的原理及设计。选用ＴＧＧ作磁旋光介质，旋光石英晶片作补偿片，所设计的色散补偿型宽带单向器预计可在７００～１０００ｎｍ波长范围内实现环行激光腔中的单向行波运行；将其应用在可调谐环行Ｔｉ：Ａｌ２Ｏ３激光器中，获得了良好的实验结果。     

Enhancement of modulation bandwidth of laser diodes by injection locking

In this letter, we suggest a new method for significantly enhancing the intrinsic bandwidth of a laser diode through the use of an injection locking technique. Our analysis shows that for moderate and high-injection levels, the bandwidth of a laser diode can be increased to several times its free-running bandwidth.     

Direct imaging of a high-power diode laser cavity using a transparent indium-tin-oxide (ITO) contact

We describe a novel "see-through" indium-tin-oxide contact on the n-side of a high power unstable resonator semiconductor laser (URSL) that allows direct observation of the cavity during high power operation. Under optimized annealing conditions this transparent ITO contact has a low enough specific contact resistivity to permit normal high power CW operation of the URSL and allows the observation of filamentation. This contact scheme is applicable to a wide range of semiconductor lasers and is especially appropriate for high power devices. The same structure can also be used to obtain a 2-D thermal map of the laser cavity.     

连续运转的掺钛蓝宝石激光器

本文报导一种连续波氩离子激光泵浦的掺钛蓝宝石激光器。在氩离子激光功率(全谱线)为10.45瓦且仅用一组腔镜时,获得最大平均功率超过1000mW、调谐范围750～850nm的掺钛蓝宝石激光输出。