An efficient one-pot asymmetric synthesis of biaryl compounds via Diels-Alder/retro-Diels-Alder cascade reactions

[reaction: see text] A single-step chirality transfer method for the synthesis of axially chiral biaryl compounds by construction of the second aromatic ring via a Diels-Alder/retro-Diels-Alder cascade reaction is reported. This methodology should find broad application in the synthesis of natural products and asymmetric catalysts.     

固体溶质在超临界三元系统中的溶解度

溶质在超临界流体中的溶解度数据是研究超临界流体技术的基础.本文对纯组分固体溶质有夹带剂存在的超临界流体三元系统中,夹带剂增大溶质溶解度的作用进行了总结,述评了夹带剂增大溶质溶解度的机理和常用的计算模型.此外,针对两种固体混合溶质共存于超临界流体中的三元系统,讨论了混合溶质共存对彼此溶解度的影响及其相关的理论假说和计算模型.     

A Novel Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Levodopa with the Detection System of Potassium Ferricyanide‐Fe(III)

In this paper, a novel method has been established to determine levodopa with the detection system of potassium ferricyanide‐Fe(III). In the presence of potassium ferricyanide, it has been demonstrated that Fe(III) is reduced to Fe(II) by levodopa at pH 4.0. In addition, the in situ formed Fe(II) reacts with potassium ferricyanide to form soluble prussian blue (KFe^III[Fe^II(CN)₆]). Beer's law is obeyed in the range of levodopa concentrations of 0.01–4.00 μg mL^?1 at the maximal absorption wavelength of 735 nm. The linear regression equation is A = 0.0082 + 0.61365 C (μg mL^?1) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996. The detection limit (3σ/k) is 9 ng mL^?1, and R.S.D. is 0.73% (n = 11). Moreover, the apparent molar absorption coefficient of indirect determination of levodopa is 1.2 × 10⁵ Lmol^?1cm^?1. The parameters with regard to determination are optimized, and the reaction mechanism is discussed. This method has been successfully applied to determine levodopa in pharmaceutical, serum and urine samples. Analytical results obtained with this novel assay are satisfactory.     

Label-free fluorescent detection of Cu(II) ions based on DNA cleavage-dependent graphene-quenched DNAzymes

We developed a novel and general methodology to design a label-free fluorescent Cu(II) sensor based on internal DNA cleavage and an extrinsic fluorophore in a graphene/DNAzymes complex with high sensitivity and selectivity.     

Highly Enantioselective Iridium‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of α,β‐Unsaturated Esters

α,β‐Unsaturated esters have been employed as substrates in iridium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation. Full conversions and good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) were obtained for a broad range of substrates with both aromatic‐ and aliphatic substituents on the prochiral carbon. The hydrogenated products are highly useful as building blocks in the synthesis of a variety of natural products and pharmaceuticals.     

5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯双波长叠加分光光度法同时测定铑和钯

以5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二氨基甲苯(5-I-PADAT)作显色剂,建立了双波长叠加分光光度法同时测定铑、钯的新方法。研究发现,在0.6～1.8 mol/LHCIO4介质中,Pd(II)与5-I-PADAT形成稳定络合物,而在此酸度下,Rh(III)则完全不能反应;在pH4.0～5.2 HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,Rh(III)与5-I-PADAT可形成稳定紫红色络合物,铑络合物形成后提高酸度至0.24～5.57 mol/L HCIO4介质,该络合物不仅不被分解,而且转化为另一种紫蓝色质子化型体,吸收红移、吸光度显著增大。研究还发现,Rh(III)、Pd(II)与5-I-PADAT形成的络合物,均呈现两个吸收峰,强峰分别位于580 nm和584 nm处,弱峰分别位于538 nm和547 nm处。其各自的强弱峰对应的吸光度之和与溶液中铑、钯的含量具有良好的线性关系。据此,建立了双波长叠加分光光度法同时测得铑、钯新方法。铑和钯的表观摩尔吸光系数分别为εRh=2.76×105L.mol-1.cm-1和εPd=1.14×105L.mol-1.cm-1,灵敏度分别为单波长法测定的1.52倍和1.53倍。铑、钯的质量浓度分别在0～0.5μg/mL和0～1.0μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律。方法用于催化剂中铑和钯的同时测定,结果满意。     

Eosin Y as a Direct Hydrogen‐Atom Transfer Photocatalyst for the Functionalization of C−H Bonds

Eosin Y, a well‐known economical alternative to metal catalysts in visible‐light‐driven single‐electron transfer‐based organic transformations, can behave as an effective direct hydrogen‐atom transfer catalyst for C?H activation. Using the alkylation of C?H bonds with electron‐deficient alkenes as a model study revealed an extremely broad substrate scope, enabling easy access to a variety of important synthons. This eosin Y‐based photocatalytic hydrogen‐atom transfer strategy is promising for diverse functionalization of a wide range of native C?H bonds in a green and sustainable manner.     

Synthesis and properties of novel stilbene-twelve alkyl quaternary ammonium salts as antibacterial optical whitening agents

Four novel stilbene-twelve alkyl quaternary ammonium salts 5a–d were synthesized. All synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR and elemental analysis. Compounds 5a–d showed efficient whitening effect on cotton fiber and high fastness. Furthermore, compound 5c showed better stability to light than C186 in aqueous solution. The preliminary biological experiment demonstrated compounds 5a–d possessed significant antibacterial activities. Among them, compound 5d turned out to be the most active compound against Candida albicans with MIC₅₀ 4 μg/mL as well as E. coli with MIC₅₀ 16 μg/mL.     

树脂担载金催化苯胺衍生物氧化羰化制氨基甲酸甲酯

树脂类高聚物担载的各种过渡金属和贵金属催化剂在加氢、选择氧化、聚合、氢甲酰化等反应中已有应用^[1,2],金催化剂作为一种新型的催化材料正日益引起人们的重视。继无机氧化物担载金催化剂得到广泛使用后^[3-7],有机金催化下的醇醛缩合^[8]、烯烃羧化^[9]以及锡烷偶联^[10]等反应的效果亦很好。最近,我们将有机金配合物催化剂用于胺类化合物氧化羰化制取氨基甲酯的反应^ [11],结果很好。但该均相催化体系仍存在催化剂分离回收和重复使用困难等问题。我们将金担载于各种高聚物上并用于苯胺及其衍生物的氧化羰化时,发现使用大孔弱酸性阳离子交换树脂作为催化剂载体对该反应的活性很高。相对于以往广泛研究的钯、钌、铑等的各种配合物加助催化组分催化剂体系^[12-14],这一体系简单、高效、易分离,且能够重复使用。