Possible candidates for discrete gamma rays linking superdeformed and yrast states in an odd nucleus:193Pb

The francium isotopes^200–202Fr were produced in the reaction³⁵Cl+¹⁷⁰Yb using bombarding energies of 4.9–5.3 MeV/nucleon. Fusion products were separated in-flight from the primary beam using a gas-filled recoil separator. An alpha line with the alpha particle energy and half-life of (7468±9) keV and (19 ₋₆ ⁺¹³ ) ms, respectively, was assigned to²⁰⁰Fr. Previously reported decay properties of^201,202Fr were confirmed. Communicated by V. Metag     

Amperometric detection of pyridine nucleotides via immobilized viologen-accepting pyridine nucleotide oxidoreductase or immobilized diaphorase

The immobilization and electrical connection of a viologen-accepting pyridine nucleotide oxidoreductase (VAPOR) on an electrode surface by coadsorption with an amphiphilic pyrrole viologen and electropolymerization of this pyrrole monomer are described. The immobilized VAPOR catalyzes the reduction of NAD(P)(+) to NAD(P)H by the viologen redox couple (V(2+2+)). The sensitivity of this biosensor is 1.4 and 2.5 mA M(-1) cm(-2) for NAD(+) and NADP(+) respectively. The immobilization of diaphorase within a laponite gel adsorbed on an electrode surface is described. The incorporation and electropolymerization of Methylene Blue in the biolayer allows an electron transfer communication between diaphorase molecules and the electrode surface. The diaphorase electrode thus obtained responds to NADH at 0 V. The sensitivity and detection limit of this biosensor are 11.2 mA M(-1) cm(-2) and 1 muM respectively.     

Mortality of iterated Gallai graphs

For a finite or infinite graphG, theGallai graph (G) ofG is defined as the graph whose vertex set is the edge setE(G) ofG; two distinct edges ofG are adjacent in (G) if they are incident but do not span a triangle inG. For any positive integert, thetth iterated Gallai graph ^t (G) ofG is defined by ( ^t–1(G)), where ⁰(G):=G. A graph is said to beGallai-mortal if some of its iterated Gallai graphs finally equals the empty graph. In this paper we characterize Gallai-mortal graphs in several ways.     

Fubini theorem for anticipating stochastic integrals in Hilbert space

Let (X,l,) be a measure space, letW be a cylindrical Hilbert-Wiener process, and let be an anticipating integrable process-valued function onX. We prove, under natural assumptions on, that there exists a measurable version Y_x,x X, of the anticipating integral of(x) such that the integral _x Y_x(dx) is a version of the anticipating integral of _X (x)(dx). We apply this anticipating Fubini theorem to study solutions of a class of stochastic evolution equations in Hilbert space.     

The application of the genetic algorithm to the minimization of potential energy functions

We adapted the genetic algorithm to minimize the AMBER potential energy function. We describe specific recombination and mutation operators for this task. Next we use our algorithm to locate low energy conformation of three polypeptides (AGAGAGAGA, A9, and [Met]-enkephalin) which are probably the global minimum conformations. Our potential energy minima are –94.71, –98.50, and –48.94 kcal/mol respectively. Next, we applied our algorithm to the 46 amino acid protein crambin and located a non-native conformation which had an AMBER potential energy 150 kcal/mol lower than the native conformation. This is not necessarily the global minimum conformation, but it does illustrate problems with the AMBER potential energy function. We believe this occurred because the AMBER potential energy function does not account for hydration.     

Acyloxyalkylidènephosphoranes—II : Etude des ω-acyloxy n-butylidènetriphénylphosphoranes. Nouvelle voie d'accès aux dihydro-3,4 2h-pyrannes

ω-Acyloxy n-butylidenetriphenylphosphoranes give α-acyl n-butylidenetriphenylphosphoranes by intermolecular condensation in t-BuOH, and 3,4-dihydro-(2H)-pyrans by intramolecular condensation in toluene. The α-acyl n-butylidene phosphoranes, which are the tautomeric form of α-acyloxaphosphanes, do not lead to cyclobutylketones but to dihydropyrans.