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101.
102.
103.
Microwave spectrum of monodeuterated diacetylene (HCCCCD), which is nonpolar in the equilibrium configuration, was observed in various excited states of bending vibrations. Dipole moments in the ν6, 2ν6, and ν6 + ν9 vibrational states were determined from the Stark effect measurement to be 0.0907(6), 0.1681(14), and 0.0900(4) D with uncertainties in parentheses, where ν6 and ν9 denote respectively the CCH bending and lowest frequency bending vibrations. The l-type doubling constant in the ν6 state is 2.1316(28) MHz. Rotational constants were determined in MHz; ν6(Π), 4086.2165(44); 2ν6(Δ), 4087.6963(58); ν6 + ν9(Δ), 4097.7537(50); 2ν8(Δ), 4094.4786(103); ν6 + ν7(Δ), 4092.9074(176); ν7 + ν8(Δ), 4095.8925(354); 2ν6 + ν9(Φ), 4098.9505(339). 相似文献
104.
H. Sasaki DG K. Yajima N. Yoshida T. Ishida R. Hattori T. Sonoda O. Ishihara S. Takamiya R. Konishi K. Ando 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1996,25(5):559-563
We have investigated the degradation mechanism of Al0.48In0.52As/In0.53Ga0.47As/ InP high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) using WSi ohmic electrodes. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy
(TEM) observation and en-ergy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis reveal impurities diffusion of gate electrode (titanium: Ti)
and fluorine (F) in the AlInAs layer after a high temperature (Ta = 170°C operating life test for 500 h. The decrease of drain current (Ids) during life test shows linear dependence on square root of aging time. It suggests that the degradation is controlled by
a diffusion mechanism. Hence, the estimated degradation mechanism of this device is related with decrease of carrier concentration
in the epitaxial layer by these diffused impurities. On the other hand, TEM and EDX show no degradation of WSi/InGaAs interface
after aging. Therefore, the WSi electrode for this type of HEMT demonstrates excellent high stability under the accelerated
operating life test. 相似文献
105.
[Structure: see text] The morphinan skeleton was effectively synthesized by an intramolecular Mannich-type reaction. Further transformation led to total synthesis of morphine. 相似文献
106.
In this work, we study the adhesion forces between atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips and superficial dentin etched with phosphoric acid. Initially, we quantitatively analyze the effect of acid etching on the surface heterogeneity and the surface roughness, two parameters that play a key role in the adhesion phenomenon. From a statistical study of the force-distance curves, we determine the average adhesion forces on the processed substrates. Our results show that the average adhesion forces, measured in water, increase linearly with the acid exposure time. The highest values of such forces are ascribed to the high density of collagen fibers on the etched surfaces. The individual contribution of exposed collagen fibrils to the adhesion force is highlighted. We also discuss in this paper the influence of the environmental medium (water/air) in the adhesion measurements. We show that the weak forces involved require working in the aqueous medium. 相似文献
107.
Katsuyama Yutaka Ishida Yukinori Ishihara Koushi Miyashita Tadashi Tsuchiya Haruhiko 《Electronics letters》1979,15(3):94-95
A new method for determining suitable single-mode fibre parameters is examined. Suitable fibre parameters are determinable by minimising cabling- and splicing-loss increases. An eight-fibre cable was manufactured and the loss increases were measured. ? = 0.2% and V = 2.2 are the values selected using this method and for the experimental results. 相似文献
108.
The pseudoplastic flow of suspensions, alumina or styrene-acrylamide copolymer particles in water or an aqueous solution of glycerin has been studied by the step-shear-rate method. The relation between the shear rate,D, and the shear stress,, in the step-shear-rate measurements, where the state of dispersion was considered to be constant, was expressed as = AD
1/2 +CD. The effective solid volume fraction,ø
F, andA were dependent on the shear rate and expressed byø
F =aD
b andA = D
. Combining the above relations, the steady flow curve was expressed by = D
1/2 + +
0 (1 – a D
b/0.74)–1.85
D, where
0 is the viscosity of the medium.With an increase in solid volume fraction and a decreases in the absolute value of the-potential, the flow behavior of the suspensions changed from Newtonian ( = = b = 0), slightly pseudoplastic ( = b = 0), pseudoplastic ( = 0) to a Bingham-like behavior.The change in viscosity of the medium had an effect on the change in the effective volume fraction. 相似文献
109.
Hatano M Ikeno T Miyamoto T Ishihara K 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(31):10776-10777
A highly enantioselective cyanohydrin synthesis with aromatic aldehydes using chiral lithium binaphtholate aqua or alcohol complexes has been developed and is a simple and inexpensive catalyst suitable for process chemistry to give gram-scale cyanohydrins successfully. Dramatic improvements in enantiomeric excess have been realized along with an interesting changeover in absolute stereochemistry of cyanohydrin product against the thoroughly "dry" catalytic systems. 相似文献
110.
Ono Y Minami A Noike M Higuchi Y Toyomasu T Sassa T Kato N Dairi T 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2011,133(8):2548-2555
Fusicoccin A and cotylenin A are structurally related diterpene glucosides and show a phytohormone-like activity. However, only cotylenin A induces the differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells. Since the cotylenin A producer lost its ability to proliferate during preservation, a study on the relationship between structure and activity was carried out and a modified fusicoccin A with hydroxyl group at the 3-position showed a similar biological activity with that of cotylenin A. We then searched for an enzyme source that catalyzes the introduction of a hydroxyl group into the 3-position and found that brassicicene C, which is structurally related to fusicoccin A with hydroxyl group at the 3-position, was produced by Alternaria brassicicola ATCC96836. We recently cloned a brassicicene C biosynthetic gene cluster including the genes encoding fusicocca-2,10(14)-diene synthase and two cytochrome P450s, which were responsible for the formation of fusicocca-2,10(14)-diene-8β,16-diol. In this study, we report that a α-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase, the gene coding for which was located in the cluster, catalyzed a hydroxylation at the 3-position of fusicocca-2,10(14)-diene-8β,16-diol. On the other hand, a α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, which had been identified in a fusicoccin A biosynthetic gene cluster, catalyzed the 16-oxidation of fusicocca-2,10(14)-diene-8β,16-diol to yield an aldehyde (8β-hydroxyfusicocca-1,10(14)-dien-16-al), although both dioxygenases had 51% amino acid sequence identity. These findings suggested that the dioxygenases played critical roles for the formation of the fusicoccin A-type and cotylenin A-/brassicicene C-type aglycons. Moreover, we showed that short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase located in the fusicoccin A biosynthetic gene cluster catalyzed the reduction of the aldehyde to yield fusicocca-1,10(14)-diene-8β,16-diol. 相似文献