全文获取类型
收费全文 | 21117篇 |
免费 | 3328篇 |
国内免费 | 2048篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 11843篇 |
晶体学 | 163篇 |
力学 | 974篇 |
综合类 | 81篇 |
数学 | 2041篇 |
物理学 | 5955篇 |
无线电 | 5436篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 47篇 |
2023年 | 534篇 |
2022年 | 626篇 |
2021年 | 801篇 |
2020年 | 1000篇 |
2019年 | 796篇 |
2018年 | 732篇 |
2017年 | 672篇 |
2016年 | 939篇 |
2015年 | 1031篇 |
2014年 | 1175篇 |
2013年 | 1467篇 |
2012年 | 1812篇 |
2011年 | 1852篇 |
2010年 | 1332篇 |
2009年 | 1242篇 |
2008年 | 1329篇 |
2007年 | 1088篇 |
2006年 | 1172篇 |
2005年 | 959篇 |
2004年 | 667篇 |
2003年 | 596篇 |
2002年 | 583篇 |
2001年 | 424篇 |
2000年 | 438篇 |
1999年 | 439篇 |
1998年 | 364篇 |
1997年 | 320篇 |
1996年 | 351篇 |
1995年 | 288篇 |
1994年 | 242篇 |
1993年 | 187篇 |
1992年 | 179篇 |
1991年 | 162篇 |
1990年 | 103篇 |
1989年 | 85篇 |
1988年 | 91篇 |
1987年 | 56篇 |
1986年 | 58篇 |
1985年 | 45篇 |
1984年 | 35篇 |
1983年 | 25篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
911.
912.
对基于MFCAV(Multi Fluid Channel on Averaged Volume)近似Riemann解法器的相容拉氏方法的熵条件进行了分析. 结果表明与满足声学形式Riemann解法器的熵不同, 前者只能在每个网格边界左、右两侧网格的熵随时间变化的和保证大于零, 即能保证整体熵增, 但不保证传统意义上的在每个网格中的熵增;而后者不仅保证整体熵增, 而且还满足传统意义上的熵增. 因此MFCAV的熵增相对声学形式解法器而言要弱一些, 由此表明其熵增可能要小些, 使得格式的耗散可能要小些.数值算例也验证了分析的正确性. 相似文献
913.
The paper studies a codimension-4 resonant homoclinic bifurcation with one orbit flip and two inclination flips, where the resonance takes place in the tangent direction of homoclinic orbit.Local active coordinate system is introduced to construct the Poincar′e returning map, and also the associated successor functions. We prove the existence of the saddle-node bifurcation, the perioddoubling bifurcation and the homoclinic-doubling bifurcation, and also locate the corresponding 1-periodic orbit, 1-homoclinic orbit, double periodic orbits and some 2n-homoclinic orbits. 相似文献
914.
Genetic profile characterization and population study of 21 autosomal STR in Chinese Kazak ethnic minority group
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Electrophoresis》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Xiao‐Ye Wang Chun‐Mei Shen Wen‐Juan Liu Jiang‐Wei Yan Hong‐Dan Wang Hong‐Wei Pu Yan‐Li Wang Guang Yang Yu‐Dang Zhang Hao‐Tian Meng Hang Jing Bo‐Feng Zhu 《Electrophoresis》2014,35(4):503-510
Short tandem repeat loci have been recognized as useful tools in the routine forensic application and in recent decades, more and more new short tandem repeat (STR) loci have been constantly discovered, studied, and applied in forensic caseworks. In this study, we investigated the genetic polymorphisms of 21 STR loci in the Kazak ethnic minority as well as the genetic relationships between the Kazak ethnic minority and other populations. Allelic frequencies of 21 STR loci were obtained from 114 unrelated healthy Kazak individuals in the Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region of China. We observed a total of 159 alleles in the group with the allelic diversity values ranging from 0.0044 to 0.5088. The highest polymorphism was found at D19S433 locus and the lowest was found at D1S1627. Statistical analysis of the generated data indicated no deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibriums at all 21 STR loci. In order to estimate the population differentiation, allelic frequencies of all STR loci of the Kazak were compared with those of other neighboring populations using analysis of molecular variance method. Statistically significant differences were found between the studied population and other populations at 2–7 STR loci. A neighbor‐joining tree was constructed based on allelic frequencies of the 21 STR loci and phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Kazak has a close genetic relationship with the Uigur ethnic group. The present results may provide useful information for forensic sciences and population genetics studies, and can also increase our understanding of the genetic background of this group. The present findings showed that all the 21 STR loci are highly genetically polymorphic in the Kazak group, which provided valuable population genetic data for the genetic information study, forensic human individual identification, and paternity tests. 相似文献
915.
The power supply for IEF based on features of the Cockcroft‐Walton voltage multiplier (CW VM) is described in this work. The article describes a design of the IEF power supply, its electric characteristics, and testing by IEF analysis. A circuit diagram of the power supply included two opposite charged branches (each consisting of four voltage doublers). The designed CW VM was powered by 230 V/50 Hz alternate current and it generated up to 5 kV and 90 mW at the output. Voltage and current characteristics of the power supply were measured by known load resistances in the range from 10 kΩ to 1 GΩ, which is a common resistance range for IEF strip geometry. Further, the power supply was tested by a separation of a model mixture of colored pI markers using a 175 × 3 × 0.5 mm focusing bed. Automatically limited power load enabled analysis of samples without previous optimization of the focusing voltage or electric current time courses according to sample composition. Moreover, the developed power supply did not produce any intrinsic heat and was easy to set up with cheap and commonly available parts. 相似文献
916.
Tian Jin Jin-Seok Kim Yu Mu Seok-Hwi Park Xiangdan Jin Jong-Cheol Kang Chang-Young Oh Won-Hun Ham 《Tetrahedron》2014
Total synthesis of methyl l-daunosaminide hydrochloride was achieved from readily available l-tyrosine. Key steps in this strategy were palladium(0) catalyzed stereoselective intramolecular oxazine formation and catalytic hydrogenation of oxazine intermediate. This paper reported 1H and 13C NMR data of α- and β-anomer of methyl l-daunosaminide hydrochloride. 相似文献
917.
918.
Substituent effects on the redox potentials of dihydroxybenzenes: theoretical and experimental study
Tao Liu Meng-Meng Liu Xiao-Wen Zheng Chong-Yang Du Xiang-Yang Cui Lu Wang Ling-Li Han Zhang-Yu Yu 《Tetrahedron》2014
The redox reactions of p-hydroquinone and pyrocatechol undergo a two-proton-two-electron process in aqueous solution. We calculated their redox potentials at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level, and verified the values by employing cyclic voltammetry experiments. Then we selected seven substituent groups (–F, –Cl, –OH, –COOH, –CN, –NH2, and –NO2 groups) to systematically investigate the substituent effect, including the sort, position, and number of the substituent, on the redox potentials of p-hydroquinone and pyrocatechol. The calculated results show that –NH2 and –OH groups can decrease the redox potentials, while –F, –Cl, –COOH, –CN, and –NO2 groups increase the potential values of p-hydroquinone and pyrocatechol. The calculations can accurately predict the substituent effects on the redox potentials of pyrocatechol and p-hydroquinone. We would expect that the accurate calculation results for the model systems could be applied in the prediction of electrode potentials of other molecules. 相似文献
919.
Xiu-Jiang Du Zhi-Peng WangYan-Ling Hou Cheng ZhangZheng-Ming Li Wei-Guang Zhao 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
A new method has been developed for the Michael addition of nitrogen- and carbon-containing nucleophiles to cyclic enones. Using this conjugate addition reaction, a variety of different nucleophiles can react with a range of cyclic enones in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid under solvent-free ultrasound irradiation conditions affording the corresponding C–N or C–C adducts in good to excellent yields. Comparatively, performing the reaction under ultrasound irradiation gives higher yields, is more efficient and environmentally benign than performing it at high pressure. 相似文献
920.
Jing Shao Xiaoli Zhao Li Wang Qingxin Tang Weili Li Han Yu Hongkun Tian Xiaojie Zhang Yanhou Geng Fosong Wang 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
π-Extended thienoacenes that comprise alternatively arranged anthracene and thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moieties and have 8 or 13 aromatic rings were synthesized. The delocalization of their HOMO and LUMO orbitals is over the entire molecules, and low-lying HOMO levels endow them good stability. 相似文献