全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2224篇 |
免费 | 90篇 |
国内免费 | 12篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1381篇 |
晶体学 | 19篇 |
力学 | 74篇 |
数学 | 290篇 |
物理学 | 408篇 |
无线电 | 154篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 21篇 |
2022年 | 29篇 |
2021年 | 44篇 |
2020年 | 61篇 |
2019年 | 44篇 |
2018年 | 35篇 |
2017年 | 28篇 |
2016年 | 58篇 |
2015年 | 49篇 |
2014年 | 74篇 |
2013年 | 124篇 |
2012年 | 135篇 |
2011年 | 186篇 |
2010年 | 81篇 |
2009年 | 94篇 |
2008年 | 143篇 |
2007年 | 138篇 |
2006年 | 120篇 |
2005年 | 119篇 |
2004年 | 102篇 |
2003年 | 102篇 |
2002年 | 114篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 34篇 |
1996年 | 26篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 17篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 17篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有2326条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
81.
Ultrasmall Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Europium(III) DO3A as a Bimodal Imaging Probe
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Dr. Sophie Carron Dr. Maarten Bloemen Prof. Luce Vander Elst Prof. Sophie Laurent Prof. Thierry Verbiest Prof. Tatjana N. Parac‐Vogt 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(13):4521-4527
A new prototype consisting of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles decorated with europium(III) ions encapsulated in a DO3A organic scaffold was designed as a platform for further development of bimodal contrast agents for MRI and optical imaging. The USPIO nanoparticles act as negative MRI contrast agents, whereas the europium(III) ion is a luminophore that is suitable for use in optical imaging detection. The functionalized USPIO nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, DLS, XRD, FTIR, and TXRF analysis, and a full investigation of the relaxometric and optical properties was conducted. The typical luminescence emission of europium(III) was observed and the main red emission wavelength was found at 614 nm. The relaxometric study of these ultrasmall nanoparticles showed r2 values of 114.8 mm ?1Fes?1 at 60 MHz, which is nearly double the r2 relaxivity of Sinerem®. 相似文献
82.
83.
Hassan Al Sabea Lucie Norel Olivier Galangau Thierry Roisnel Olivier Maury Franois Riob Stphane Rigaut 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(30)
This work describes a class of complex combining three dithienylethene units and a lanthanide ion used as an optical system displaying a double encryption method: i) a colorful code, drawn and erased under UV and visible irradiations respectively, due to coloration and discoloration of the photochromic entities, and ii) a concomitant gradual disappearance and progressive restoration of the associated lanthanide ion luminescence triggered with the same stimuli. The innovation of the system stems from the emission color tunability, i.e., with either a lanthanide ion emitting only in the visible range (Eu3+) or with another lanthanide ion emitting only in the near infrared (NIR) range (Yb3+), therefore observable, or not, to the naked eye. This system is the very first one to achieve efficient repeatable modulation of pure NIR luminescence on photochemical command. Furthermore, it is proven to be highly efficient when embedded in a PDMS polymer opening real opportunities for practical applications as anti‐counterfeiting. 相似文献
84.
Wen Chen Olivier Maurel Christian La Borderie Thierry Reess Antoine De Ferron Mohammed Matallah Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot Antoine Jacques Frank Rey-Bethbeder 《Heat and Mass Transfer》2014,50(5):673-684
The objective of this study is to simulate the propagation of the shock wave in water due to an explosion. The study is part of a global research program on the development of an alternative stimulation technique to conventional hydraulic fracturing in tight gas reservoirs aimed at inducing a distributed state of microcracking of rocks instead of localized fracture. We consider the possibility of increasing the permeability of rocks with dynamic blasts. The blast is a shock wave generated in water by pulsed arc electrohydraulic discharges. The amplitude of these shock waves is prescribed by the electrohydraulic discharges which generate high pressures of several kilobars within microseconds. A simplified method has been used to simulate the injected electrical energy as augmentation of enthalpy in water locally. The finite element code EUROPLEXUS is used to perform fluid fast dynamic computation. The predicted pressure is consistent with the experimental results. In addition, shock wave propagation characteristics predicted with simulation can be valuable reference for design of underwater structural elements and engineering of underwater explosion. 相似文献
85.
86.
87.
The design of the mold and the choice of the injection parameters for metal injection molding (MIM) is required to maintain homogeneity of the filled mixture. However, powder segregation is unavoidable in MIM because of the significant difference in densities of the metallic powder and the polymer binder. To achieve an effective prediction of segregation effect, a biphasic model based on mixture theory is employed. The viscous behaviors of each phase and the interaction coefficient between the flows of the two phases should be determined. The solution of two coupled Navier–Stokes equations results in a tremendous computation effort. The previous development of an explicit algorithm makes the biphasic simulation much faster than that of the classic methods. However, it is strongly desired to reduce or even eliminate the numerous global solutions for pressure fields at each time step. Hence, a new vectorial algorithm is proposed and developed to perform the simulation only by vectorial operations. It provides the anticipated efficiency in the simulation of biphasic modeling, and the advantage to use the classic elements of equal‐order interpolations. Some results produced by the two algorithms are compared with the experimental values to validate the new vectorial algorithm. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
88.
Erwann Le Coz Joanna Hammoud Dr. Thierry Roisnel Marie Cordier Dr. Vincent Dorcet Dr. Samia Kahlal Prof. Dr. Jean-François Carpentier Prof. Dr. Jean-Yves Saillard Dr. Yann Sarazin 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(46):11966-11982
Barium complexes ligated by bulky boryloxides [OBR2]− (where R=CH(SiMe3)2, 2,4,6-iPr3-C6H2 or 2,4,6-(CF3)3-C6H2), siloxide [OSi(SiMe3)3]−, and/or phenoxide [O-2,6-Ph2-C6H3]−, have been prepared. A diversity of coordination patterns is observed in the solid state for both homoleptic and heteroleptic complexes, with coordination numbers ranging between 2 and 4. The identity of the bridging ligand in heteroleptic dimers [Ba(μ2-X1)(X2)]2 depends largely on the given pair of ligands X1 and X2. Experimentally, the propensity to fill the bridging position increases according to [OB{CH(SiMe3)2}2)]−<[N(SiMe3)2]−<[OSi(SiMe3)3]−<[O(2,6-Ph2-C6H3)]−<[OB(2,4,6-iPr3-C6H2)2]−. This trend is the overall expression of 3 properties: steric constraints, electronic density and σ- and π-donating capability of the negatively charged atom, and ability to generate Ba ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ F, Ba ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ C(π) or Ba ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ H−C secondary interactions. The comparison of the structural motifs in the complexes [Ae{μ2-N(SiMe3)2}(OB{CH(SiMe3)2}2)]2 (Ae = Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba) suggest that these observations may be extended to all alkaline earths. DFT calculations highlight the largely prevailing ionic character of ligand-Ae bonding in all compounds. The ionic character of the Ae-ligand bond encourages bridging coordination, whereas the number of bridging ligands is controlled by steric factors. DFT computations also indicate that in [Ba(μ2-X1)(X2)]2 heteroleptic dimers, ligand predilection for bridging vs. terminal positions is dictated by the ability to establish secondary interactions between the metals and the ligands. 相似文献
89.
The Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions has proved to be a powerful formalism for uncertain reasoning. However, belief
functions on a finite frame of discernment Ω are usually defined in the power set 2Ω, resulting in exponential complexity of the operations involved in this framework, such as combination rules. When Ω is linearly
ordered, a usual trick is to work only with intervals, which drastically reduces the complexity of calculations. In this paper,
we show that this trick can be extrapolated to frames endowed with an arbitrary lattice structure, not necessarily a linear
order. This principle makes it possible to apply the Dempster-Shafer framework to very large frames such as the power set,
the set of partitions, or the set of preorders of a finite set. Applications to multi-label classification, ensemble clustering
and preference aggregation are demonstrated. 相似文献
90.
Kaonic hydrogen is studied with realistic potentials in an accurate numerical approach based on Sturmian functions. It is found that the ground-state wave function of the exotic atom with realistic strong interactions is considerably different from the hydrogen-like ones at small distances. The K ???p scattering length extracted from the 1s energy shift of the kaonic hydrogen by applying the Deser-Trueman formula is severely inconsistent with the one derived directly by solving the Schödinger equation. We pay special attention to the recent measurement of the energy shift and decay width of the 1s kaonic hydrogen state by the DEAR Collaboration. Our work strongly supports the argument that the DEAR data of the K ???p scattering length extracted with the Deser-Trueman formula from the measured 1s energy shift and decay width are not accurate, if not to say, unreliable. 相似文献