热塑性弹性体/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及性能

热塑性弹性体;蒙脱土;纳米复合材料;动态硫化     

Absolute measurements and certified reference material for iron isotopes using multiple-collector inductively coupled mass spectrometry

Two enriched isotopes, 99.94 at.% 56Fe and 99.90 at.% 54Fe, were blended under gravimetric control to prepare ten synthetic isotope samples whose 56Fe isotope abundances ranged from 95% to 20%. For multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) measurements typical polyatomic interferences were removed by using Ar and H2 as collision gas and operating the MC-ICP-MS system in soft mode. Thus high-precision measurements of the Fe isotope abundance ratios were accomplished. Based on the measurement of the synthetic isotope abundance ratios by MC-ICP-MS, the correction factor for mass discrimination was calculated and the results were in agreement with results from IRMM014. The precision of all ten correction factors was 0.044%, indicating a good linearity of the MC-ICP-MS method for different isotope abundance ratio values. An isotopic reference material was certified under the same conditions as the instrument was calibrated. The uncertainties of ten correction factors K were calculated and the final extended uncertainties of the isotopic certified Fe reference material were 5.8363(37) at.% 54Fe, 91.7621(51) at.% 56Fe, 2.1219(23) at.% 57Fe, and 0.2797(32) at.% 58Fe.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中残留的19种喹诺酮类药物

建立了高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱联用测定蜂蜜中恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、双氟沙星、恶喹酸、氟甲喹、沙拉沙星、司帕沙星、丹诺沙星、氟罗沙星、马波沙星、伊诺沙星、奥比沙星、吡哌酸、培氟沙星、洛美沙星、西诺沙星和萘啶酸等19种喹诺酮类药物残留的方法。比较酸性溶液阳离子固相萃取(PCX柱)、近中性缓冲溶液反相固相萃取（HLB柱）和碱性溶液阴离子固相萃取(PAX柱)3种不同提取净化方法的提取效果,最终选择使用碱性溶液溶解蜂蜜样品,强阴离子固相萃取柱一步富集净化。以甲醇和0.1%甲酸溶液作为流动相,C18作为分析色谱柱,采用梯度洗脱方式进行液相色谱分离,选择离子反应监测模式检测19种喹诺酮类药物,内标方法定量。在1～100 μg/L范围内,19种喹诺酮类药物的线性相关系数均大于0.991。通过实际样品的添加回收试验,方法的定量限（S/N=10）为1.0 μg/kg,3个添加水平的回收率为71%～118%,相对标准偏差为4.2%～6.7%。     

电化学方法检测DNA碳纳米管修饰电极

DNA;碳纳米管;修饰电极;硫堇;电化学指示剂     

一种微型FAIMS传感器芯片的研制

基于微机电系统(MEMS)技术,研制了一种微型高场非对称波形离子迁移谱(FAIMS)传感器芯片.芯片尺寸为18.8mm×12.4mm×1.2mm,由离子化区、迁移区、离子检测区组成.采用真空紫外灯离子源在大气压环境下对样品进行离子化,经过离子化区中聚焦电极的电场作用,实现离子在进入迁移区之前的聚焦,提高离子信号的强度.通过在上下玻璃上溅射Au/Cr(300nm/30nm)金属,并与厚度为200μm、采用感应耦合等离子体(ICP)工艺刻蚀的硅片键合,形成迁移区的矩形通道,尺寸为10mm×5mm×0.2mm.离子检测区为三排直径200μm、间距100μm交错排列的圆柱阵列式微法拉第筒,能同时检测正负离子.采用频率为2MHz,最大电压为364V,占空比为30%的高场非对称方波电压进行FAIMS芯片实验.以丙酮和甲苯为实验样品,载气流速80L·h-1,补偿电压从-10V到3V以0.1V的步长进行扫描,得到了丙酮和甲苯的FAIMS谱图,验证了FAIMS芯片的性能.丙酮和甲苯的FAIMS-MS实验进一步表明FAIMS系统实现了离子分离和过滤功能.     

阿德福韦双L-氨基酸酯与葫芦脲的主客体化学与抗乙型肝炎病毒活性研究

用1HNMR、荧光光谱和红外光谱方法研究阿德福韦双L-苯丙氨酸丙酯(FH-1)与改性六元葫芦脲(TMeQ[6])、七元葫芦脲(Q[7])以及八元葫芦脲(Q[8])的相互作用,探讨主客体作用位点及其识别机制.1HNMR图谱表明FH-1中苯丙氨酸残基部分进入葫芦脲的空腔内部受到屏蔽作用,而FH-1其它部分则位于葫芦脲端口外侧.荧光图谱表明FH-1与TMeQ[6],Q[7]与Q[8]分别形成1∶1或2∶1,1∶1或3∶1与2∶1的主客体包结配合物.红外光谱表明Q[7]与FH-1固体包合物发生了主客体相互作用,FH-1特征峰消失.吸湿性考察发现FH-1与Q[7]形成的固体包合物的吸湿稳定性明显提高,室温放置90d后仍然为白色固体.抗乙型肝炎病毒研究提示葫芦脲具有明显降低化合物细胞毒性,增加其抗病毒活性与作用选择性的效果.     

黄铁矿在维持高放废物处置库近场还原性环境中的作用

研究了黄铁矿受60Coγ射线辐照后对地下水还原性环境的影响.辐照剂量率为200Gy·min-1,总吸收剂量为5×106Gy.通过分析辐照前后以及与地下水共同辐照后黄铁矿的结构和组成,发现60Co的γ射线可使地下水发生辐解反应,从而将黄铁矿氧化;但无论是直接辐照还是与地下水共同辐照,60Co的γ辐射均不改变黄铁矿的结构.黄铁矿可以消耗地下水辐解产生的氧化性产物,有利于维持处置库近场的还原性环境,提高处置库的安全性.     

柔性不锈钢基底上一维TiO_2纳米线薄膜的制备及表征

采用直流磁控溅射的方法在柔性不锈钢基底(50μm)上沉积纯钛薄膜,后在NaOH碱溶液中经水热法制备了非钛基大长径比的一维TiO2纳米线薄膜,并通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及光电化学的方法对不锈钢基一维TiO2纳米线薄膜进行了表征.结果表明,纯钛薄膜的致密度、结晶性能以及与基底的结合强度均随衬底温度的升高而加强;在10mol·L-1NaOH浓度下,生长一维TiO2纳米线结构的适宜温度为130-150℃;TiO2纳米线长度达到几个微米,直径在10-30nm之间,并且相互交叉生长,构成一个三维网络结构.此外,在Na2SO4溶液中对TiO2纳米线薄膜进行了线性扫描和瞬态光电流测试,结果表明,一维TiO2纳米线薄膜电极较TiO2纳米颗粒电极表现出更优异的光电化学性能.这种磁控溅射与水热反应相结合的方法,为非钛异质基底上制备一维TiO2纳米线薄膜提供了新的思路.     

2-吡喃酮衍生物合成研究进展

2-吡喃酮存在于很多天然产物中,既具有多种生物性能,又是重要的有机合成中间体.综述了近年来2-吡喃酮衍生物的主要合成方法.     

Novel facile detection of persistent organic pollutants using highly sensitive gas sensor

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are greatly noxious chemicals in environment, and they can cumulate in organisms and transfer between different species. Therefore, it is significant to detect POPs for both environmental evaluation and further treatment. However, developing facile approach for the detection of POPs still remains a challenge so far. In this paper, we report an innovative method for facile detection of POPs using gas sensor for the first time. Porous SnO₂ nanostructures with a special tri-walled structure prepared via hydrothermal route and annealing process, were employed as gas-sensing materials. Through gas measurements, it was revealed that the as-fabricated gas sensor exhibited highly sensitive performance towards target POPs, including methoxychlor, mirex, p,p′-DDT, and aldrin. Moreover, we found that target POPs were distinguishable by extracting characteristics in kinetic curves of gas adsorption-desorption. As the presented detecting approach is facile without the requirements of complex operations, expensive and bulky instruments, it is expected that it would be developed as a promising method for the detection of POPs, and thereby showing its significance for environmental monitoring.