羟基锆及锆铝交联粘土的合成与表征

制备了锆交联粘土和锆铝交联粘土。锆交联粘土制备条件的研究表明，直接用ＺｒＯＣｌ２．８Ｈ２Ｏ水溶液作交联剂，延长老化时间和增大交联剂浓度有利于制备大比表面积高温有序的锆交联粘土。     

无溶剂研磨合成双核席夫碱配合物及多组分自分类行为

利用手动研磨法在无溶剂条件下通过1,4-二(咪唑-2-甲醛)丁烷(A)、2,4-二亚甲基-二(咪唑-2-甲醛)-三甲基苯(B)、2,5-二亚甲基-二(咪唑-2-甲醛)-对-二甲苯(C)中的任一组分与N-乙基乙二胺(D)和三氟甲磺酸亚铁组装合成3个Fe(Ⅱ)席夫碱配合物1、2和3。X射线单晶衍射表明,配合物1结晶于空间群Cmca,2和3结晶于空间群P21/c。1~3中每个Fe(Ⅱ)与配体中6个氮原子配位形成变形八面体FeN_6配位环境;每个双臂六齿配体螯合2个亚铁离子,而每个亚铁离子被2条配体包裹形成Fe_2L_2型双核配合物。基于以上配合物的合成,我们详细研究了混合多组分间的固态自分类行为。研究表明,多组分[D+A+B+Fe~(2+)]或[D+A+C+Fe~(2+)]发生自恋型自分类;而多组分[D+B+C+Fe~(2+)]发生群体型自分类,形成了一个由2个不同类型配体构筑的Fe2LL′杂配型配合物4,同时X射线单晶衍射确证了4的结构。此外,通过与溶液中自分类的对比,我们发现该体系固态自分类表现出更为高效的特点。     

硅烷改性纳米ZrO2对镁锂合金表面环氧树脂涂层耐蚀性能的影响

采用涂覆法在镁锂合金表面制备了含双-[3-(三乙氧基硅)丙基]四硫化物(KH-69硅烷)改性纳米ZrO₂的环氧树脂涂层. 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等手段表征了该涂层. 考察了KH-69硅烷改性纳米ZrO₂浓度对环氧树脂涂层耐蚀性能的影响. 结果表明, KH-69硅烷改性纳米ZrO₂能显著提高镁锂合金表面环氧树脂涂层的耐腐蚀性能, 其中1.0%(质量分数) KH-69硅烷改性纳米ZrO₂环氧树脂涂层具有较好的耐蚀性能. 在NaCl溶液中浸渍528 h后的低频阻抗值为1.6×10⁹ Ω·cm², 相比在NaCl溶液中浸渍240 h的纯环氧树脂涂层提高约5个数量级.     

一种新型的甲酸/铁离子燃料电池

以甲酸为燃料、 Fe³⁺为氧化剂组成了一种新型的甲酸/铁离子燃料电池, 阳极催化剂为多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)或β-环糊精修饰的MWCNT(β-CD-MWCNT)负载的金属钯或钯锡纳米颗粒: PdSn/MWCNT, Pd/β-CD-MWCNT和PdSn/β-CD-MWCNT. 运用循环伏安(CV)和计时电流(CA)等技术研究了各催化剂在碱性条件下对甲酸氧化反应的电催化活性. 结果表明, 加入适量的金属锡能促进钯对甲酸的电催化氧化, 甲酸氧化电位提前, 电流密度增加; 环糊精的改性对催化剂电催化活性有一定提升. 将上述催化剂制成电池阳极片, 碳粉制成电极阴极片, 组成甲酸/铁离子燃料电池并测试其放电性能. 结果表明, 电池的开路电压在0.981.20 V之间; 以PdSn/β-CD-MWCNT为阳极时, 其最大放电电流密度达50 mA/cm², 最大功率密度达12.6 mW/cm², 远优于以Pd/C为阳极的电池性能.     

Mg-MOF-74对CO2/H2O的吸附性能

以Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O和2,5-二羟基对苯二甲酸为原料, 采用溶剂热法制备了金属有机骨架材料Mg-MOF-74. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、 红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试手段对其结构、 形貌和性能进行了分析, 并利用自制穿透实验装置研究了产物吸附CO₂/H₂O的性能. 结果表明: 合成的样品纯度高, 结构完整, 形貌规则有序, 具有较高的CO₂吸附量. 双组分CO₂/H₂O穿透实验结果证实, 在水蒸气存在情况下, 与沸石13X相比, Mg-MOF-74仍具有较高的CO₂吸附能力, 可用于分离高湿烟道气中的CO₂.     

Cu2O/ZnO的形貌可控制备及光催化性能

以CuSO₄和ZnCl₂为原料, 采用温和的液相还原法制备得到Cu₂O/ZnO微米结构高效光催化剂. 研究了不同[Cu²⁺]/[Zn²⁺]比条件下所得Cu₂O/ZnO复合物的形貌和光催化活性. 通过5.5 h的光照, Cu₂O/ZnO光催化剂对甲基橙染料的降解率为(77.5±0.1)%. 将多形貌Cu₂O/ZnO复合物作为阳极, 铂片作为对电极, 中间注入甲基橙溶液, 组装“三明治”结构拟电池, 研究了复合物的光降解机制.     

Ag/Yb掺杂对Ca_3Co_(3.9)Cu_(0.1)O_(9-δ)热电性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶及冷压方法,通过在Ca_3Co_(3.9)Cu_(0.1)O_(9-δ)体系中引入不同量的Ag~+或Yb~(3+)离子来调控体系的热电性能,制备了可在300~880 K下稳定存在且热电性能优良的陶瓷材料Ca_(3-x)Ag_xCo_(3.9)Cu_(0.1)O_(9-δ)(x=0.1,0.15,0.2,0.3)和Ca_(3-y)Yb_yCo_(3.9)Cu_(0.1)O_(9-δ)(y=0.05,0.1,0.2,0.3).通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试手段对产物进行了表征,结果显示所制备的样品纯度较高,晶粒均匀,晶粒间较致密.适量的Ag~+,Yb~(3+)离子取代Ca~(2+)离子固溶到晶体中使制备的双掺杂材料晶胞体积发生了变化,但并未引起晶体对称结构的变化.电阻率和Seebeck系数的表征结果说明双掺杂优化了载流子的浓度,随着温度的升高电阻率不断减小,Seebeck系数不断增大.经过计算可知Seebeck系数的增大还有电子有效质量的贡献.热导率表征结果显示双掺杂体系的热导率随着温度的升高而减小,其中声子热导依然起主要作用,这与单掺杂体系的结果一致.随着温度的升高,双掺杂样品Ca_(2.7)Ag_(0.3)Co_(3.9)Cu_(0.1)O_(9-δ)在880 K下ZT值达到最大,为0.2.     

Geographic Characterization of Leccinum rugosiceps by Ultraviolet and Infrared Spectral Fusion

Leccinum rugosiceps is an edible mushroom belonging to genus Leccinum of Boletaceae. Its fruiting bodies are richer in nutrients than many vegetables and fruit. The model of support vector machine was established for the discrimination of L. rugosiceps from regions based on rapid and low-cost ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopies. The mid-level data fusion was performed by support vector machine. Compared to a single spectroscopic technique, mid-level data fusion provided higher accuracy by selecting the most significant variance from data matrixes based on partial least squares discriminant analysis. The accuracy of the classification of samples in the calibration and test sets were 85.00 and 94.74%, higher than separate measurements by ultraviolet or infrared spectroscopy. This approach has applications for authentication and quality assessment of L. rugosiceps.     

DNA binding,cleavage, and cytotoxicity of binuclear phenolate nickel(II) complexes

Three binuclear phenolate complexes, [Ni₂(L¹)₂(OAc)](BPh₄)·DMF (1), [Ni₂(L²)₂(OAc)](BPh₄) (2), and [Ni₂(L³)₂(OAc)](OH)·3H₂O (3), where L¹ = 2-{[bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amino]-methyl}-4-methyl-phenol, L² = 2-{[bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amino]-methyl}-4-methoxy-phenol, and L³ = 2-{[bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amino]-methyl}-4-tert-butyl-phenol), have been synthesized. Single-crystal diffraction reveals that all the metal atoms are in a distorted octahedral geometry. The interactions of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) have been investigated by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence emission, and circular dichroism spectroscopy and viscosity measurements. Furthermore, DNA cleavage mechanism shows that the complexes may be capable to promote DNA cleavage through oxidative DNA damage pathway, which is indicative of the involvement of hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, or singlet oxygen-like entity in the cleavage process. Cytotoxicity studies on the Hela and MCF-7 cancer cell lines show that complexes 1–3 exhibit excellent activity toward the tested tumor cell lines with respect to the standard drug carboplatin, revealing that they have the potential to act as effective metal-based anticancer drugs.