平飞模式双站SAR成像算法研究

双站SAR的成像技术是机载双站SAR的一个关键问题,该文首先建立了平飞模式的双站模型,然后在双站模型等效到单站的基础上,对双站SAR成像方法进行了研究,分别给出了平飞正侧视的CS双站成像算法和平飞斜侧视模式时的ECS双站成像算法,该等效方法能够解决平飞模式的双站SAR成像问题,最后通过计算机仿真,验证了该算法的有效性。     

Estimation of carrier frequency offsets for MIMO systems with distributed transmit antennas

The problem of estimating the carrier frequency offsets in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems with distributed transmit antennas is addressed. It is supposed that the transmit antennas are distributed while the receive antennas are still centralized, and the general case where both the time delays and the frequency offsets are possibly different for each transmit antenna is considered. The channel is supposed to be frequency flat, and the macroscopic fading is also taken into consideration. A carrier frequency offset estimator based on Maximum Likelihood (ML) is proposed, which can separately estimate the frequency offset for each transmit antenna and exploit the spatial diversity. The Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) for synchronous MIMO (i.e., the time delays for each transmit antenna are all equal) is also derived. Simulation results are given to illustrate the per- formance of the estimator and compare it with the CRB. It is shown that the estimator can provide satisfactory frequency offset estimates and its performance is close to the CRB for the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) below 20dB.     

一种高精度的压缩域视频目标分割算法

该文提出了一种工作于MPEG压缩域的快速视频目标分割算法。该算法以从MPEG1/2码流中部分解码提取的特征为输入,提取P帧中的运动目标。针对一般的压缩域算法目标边界精度不高的特点,算法采用I帧和P帧中每个块的直流DCT系数和3个交流DCT系数,以及运动补偿信息,重建出P帧的原图像1/16大小的子图像,采用快速平均移聚类得到具有较高边界精度的亮度一致的区域;针对运动向量的噪声容易造成错误检测的缺点,算法结合聚类分析结果和运动块的分布,采用基于马尔可夫随机场的统计标号方法对目标和背景区域进行分类,得到每个P帧的目标掩模。该算法可以得到44子块的边界精度,对于CIF格式的码流,在Pentium IV 2GHz平台上可以达到每秒40帧的处理速度。     

一种高线性宽带CMOS全差分放大器

设计了一种高线性度的宽带CMOS全差分放大器,输入级采用带有电阻共模负反馈的差分电路,输出级则由推挽跨导运算放大器及其反馈环路组成.采用输入级源退化电阻及输出级负反馈技术,使得差分输出峰峰值为1 V时三阶谐波失真达到-60 dB.同时利用反馈环路中反馈电容的欠阻尼滞后补偿作用,使放大器的带宽增大了15%.测试结果表明,在0.25 μmCMOS工艺下,该放大器-3 dB带宽达到150 MHz,噪声系数小于14 dB.     

一种基于萘酰亚胺的检测细胞内pH值的荧光探针及其生物成像应用

细胞内溶酶体的pH值对细胞自噬、吞噬、酶加工等各项生命活动有着重要影响.细胞核是真核细胞中最大的细胞器,控制着生物体内的遗传和代谢过程,参与代谢过程的酶对pH值的变化很敏感.因此,研究细胞体内的pH值变化至关重要.我们设计并以简单的两步反应合成了一种新型荧光探针NpH-1.该探针以萘酰亚胺作为荧光团,以吗啉基团作为对p...     

高效液相色谱法测定忍冬藤和叶中8种活性成分

建立了多波长分析忍冬藤和叶中化学成分含量的高效液相色谱分析方法,色谱柱为Aglient Zorbax80A,Extend-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相为0.3%甲酸-乙腈,梯度洗脱;流速为1.5mL/min;检测波长为240、330、360nm;柱温38℃。各指标成分的检出限均低于0.29mg/L;精密度RSD均低于2.29%;标准加入的回收率为91.2%～103.6%。应用新建立的方法测定了7个不同产地忍冬藤和叶中8种活性成分的含量。该方法简单、快速、准确,可用于忍冬藤和叶的质量控制。     

高效阴离子交换色谱分离-脉冲安培检测法测定烟草料液中的糖、糖醇和醇类化合物

建立了高效阴离子交换色谱分离-脉冲安培检测法测定烟草料液中的糖、糖醇以及醇类化合物的方法。以NaOH为淋洗液,在CarboPac MA1阴离子交换柱上等度分离了肌醇、甘油、丙二醇、半乳糖醇、木糖醇、山梨醇、甘露醇、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、甘露糖和半乳糖等12种化合物。对影响分离和检测的条件进行了优化,并在此优化条件下分析了烟草料液中的糖、糖醇以及醇类化合物。12种化合物的检出限为2.0~216μg/L(25.0μL进样,以3倍信噪比计算检出限)。12种化合物浓度为1~5mg/L的标准溶液连续7次进样的RSD为0.7%~4.3%。方法对烟草料液中12种化合物的加标回收率为80%~108%。方法灵敏、高效、简便、快捷。     

Lu-Eu共掺杂Ga2O3的光电性质的第一性原理计算

宽禁带半导体β-Ga₂O₃因为具有优良的物理化学性能而成为研究热点.本文基于DFT(Density Functional Theory)的第一性原理方法,先采用PBE(Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof)中的GGA(Generalized Gradient Approximation)和GGA+U(Generalized Gradient Approximation-Hubbard U)的方法计算了本征β-Ga₂O₃,Lu掺杂浓度为12.5%的β-Ga₂O₃及Lu-Eu共掺杂浓度为25%的β-Ga₂O₃结构的晶格常数、能带结构和体系总能量.发现采用GGA+U的方法计算的带隙值更接近实验值,于是采用GGA+U的方法计算了本征β-Ga₂O₃,Lu掺杂的β-Ga₂O₃以及Lu-Eu共掺杂的β-Ga₂O...     

一种宽带小型化相控阵单元的设计

设计了一种带自校准功能的宽带小型化的微带vivaldi相控阵天线单元,通过多层板压合的方式实现了天线辐射单元与自校准网络的一体化加工要求,采用在非辐射边增加曲流槽的方法提高了天线在低频段的增益,同时减小了低频驻波,通过增加两单元之间隔离的方式和馈电位置降低了天线宽角扫描的有源驻波,设计的单元在全频带内具有良好的驻波和辐射特性。     

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Cellulase Extraction from Nymphaea hybrid Flower and Biological Activities: Antioxidant Activity,Protective Effect against ROS Oxidative Damage in HaCaT Cells and Inhibition of Melanin Production in B16 Cells

In this study, ultrasonic-assisted cellulase extraction (UCE) was applied to extract flavonoids and polyphenols from the Nymphaea hybrid flower. The extraction conditions were optimized using the response surface method (RSM) coupled with a Box-Behnken design. The crude extract of Nymphaea hybrid (NHE) was further purified using AB-8 macroporous resins, and the purified extract (NHEP) was characterized by FTIR and HPLC. In vitro activity determination by chemical method showed that NHEP displayed strong free radical scavenging abilities against the DPPH and ABTS radicals, good reduction power, and hyaluronidase inhibition. The cell viability by CCK-8 assays showed that NHEP had no significant cytotoxicity for B16 and HaCaT cells when the concentration was below 100 μg/mL and 120 μg/mL, respectively. NHEP with a concentration of 20–160 μg/mL can more effectively reduce the ROS level in H₂O₂ damaged HaCaT cells compared with 10 μg/mL of VC. The 40 μg/mL of NHEP had similar activity against intracellular melanin production in the B16 melanoma cells compared with 20 μg/mL Kojic acid. Good activities of antioxidation, whitening and protective effect against H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage promote the potential for NHEP as a functional raw material in the field of cosmetics and medicine.