Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Oxazolidin‐2‐ones from Phenyl 2‐Hydroxyalkyl Selenides

A novel, convenient, efficient, three‐step, one‐pot synthesis of 2‐oxazolidinones from phenyl 2‐hydroxyalkyl selenides was developed. Using this methodology, 2‐oxazolidinones are obtained in good yields (76–85%) by reaction of phenyl 2‐hydroxyalkyl selenides with benzoyl isocyanate and subsequent oxidation/cyclization, followed by hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid solution.     

Clean,One‐Pot Synthesis of Naphthopyran Derivatives in Aqueous Media

A general and practical one‐pot synthesis of naphthopyran derivatives using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTMAB) as catalyst (10 mol%) is described. This method provides several advantages such as neutral conditions, high yields and simple workup procedure. The catalyst is low cost, facile, active, environmentally friendly, and reusable. In addition, water is chosen as a green solvent.     

A形体过量β沸石的晶化过程

以四乙基氢氧化铵(TEAOH)为结构导向剂,在超浓水热条件下合成了手性多形体A(简称A形体)过量的β沸石,对初始凝胶的性质及晶化过程进行了深入研究,测定了相应的晶化曲线.研究结果表明,与晶化出A形体含量低于50%的普通β沸石的合成体系相比,晶化出A形体过量的β沸石的合成体系中含水量极低,凝胶中过量的水必须在晶化之前通过加热去除,但过度去除初始凝胶中的水则会显著延长晶化时间.在晶化初期,产物中己出现A形体过量特征,随着晶化的进行,A形体的过量程度无显著变化.     

Preparation and Characterization of Al8.31Si1.91Mg3.78O20/Al4.8Si1.2O9.6/Mg2.0Al4.02Si4.98O18 Multiphase Material

A two-step sintering method was used to prepare Al8.31Si1.91Mg3.78O20 (corundum solid solution)/Al4.8Si1.2O9.6 (mullite solid solution)/Mg2.0Al4.02Si4.98O18 (cordierite solid solution) multiphase material, for the purposes of making these three crystal structures have point defects which could help the particles diffuse and transfer at high temperature, accelerate the sintering efficiently and enhance the material strength as well as the bulk density. The impacts of different formulas on the structure and properties of the multiphase material were investigated. With XRD and SEM analyses, for each sample, the crystal structure and microstructure were characterized, the crystalline phase content and cell parameters were determined with Rietveld Quantification software, and the properties were tested. The comparative optimal formula determined was calcinated chamotte of 80wt% and calcinated sludge of 20wt%; and its corresponding bending strength and retention rate of bending strength after a thermal shock were 29.74 MPa and 80.15%, respectively.     

Genotyping of exons 1 to 20 in Duchenne muscular dystrophy by universal multiplex PCR and short‐end capillary electrophoresis

One rapid CE method was established to diagnose Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). DMD is a severe recessive inherited disorder frequently caused by gene deletions. Among them, exons 1–20 account for nearly 30% of occurrences. In this study, the universal multiplex PCR was used to enhance the fluorescently labeling efficiency, which was performed only by one universal fluorescent primer. After PCR, a short‐end injection CE (short‐end CE) speeded up the genotyping of the DMD gene. This method involved no extra purification, and was completed within 9 min. The CE conditions contained a polymer solution of 1.5% hydroxylethylcellulose in 1× TBE buffer at 6 kV for separation. This method was applied to test six DMD patients and one healthy male person. The results showed good agreement with those of multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. This method can be applied for clinical diagnosis of DMD disease. Accurate diagnosis of the DMD gene is the best way to prevent the disease.     

Static headspace‐multicapillary column with gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry as a simple approach for the discrimination of crude and processed traditional Chinese medicines

The processing procedure can alter the nature and chemical transformation of traditional Chinese medicine to accommodate different clinical dispensing and preparation requirements. In this study, static headspace‐multicapillary column with gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry was developed for the rapid and sensitive discrimination of crude and processed traditional Chinese medicine. Using Radix Paeoniae Alba as a traditional Chinese medicine model, the combined power of this approach was illustrated by classifying the crude and processed Radix Paeoniae Alba samples into two main categories. The contents of the main components in Radix Paeoniae Alba varied significantly. The established method could promote the use of ion mobility spectrometry in intrinsic quality control and differentiation of herbal medicines from other processed products or preparations.     

引言北大核心CSCD

食品安全事关人民群众身体健康和生命安全,事关经济健康发展与社会和谐稳定。优异的分离分析技术是保障食品安全的重要手段,食品基质复杂,目标物种类繁多,且含量水平低,加之近年来食品安全有害物隐蔽性越来越强,通过化学性修饰等手段使目标物的形态多样等,给食品安全分离分析带来极大的挑战。     

大学生化学竞赛对实验教学改革与创新人才培养的促进作用*

大学生的化学竞赛是课内实验教学的有效延伸,也是从学生视角对实验教学效果的有效检验。通过分析和比较学生参加化学实验竞赛的过程和效果,能有效促进化学实验教学改革、课程建设及创新人才的培养。近年来吉林大学化学学院学生实验竞赛的成绩显著提高,一方面通过化学竞赛激发本科生喜爱化学和开展化学研究的热情,增加学习的主观能动性;另一方面通过竞赛发现问题,在解决问题的过程中促进实验教学改革和课程建设,学院“三阶段”模式的竞赛活动开展,更加有利于培养学生的创新意识和创新能力,促进了化学创新人才的培养。     

980nm半导体激光器输出光谱特性的改善

为了改善980nm半导体激光器的输出光谱特性,采用传输矩阵分析法推导了双布喇格光纤光栅谐振腔的传输表达式,对布喇格光纤光栅长度和谐振腔腔长对输出光谱的影响进行模拟仿真,结果表明布喇格光纤光栅长度对输出光谱的影响大于谐振腔腔长对输出光谱的影响,加长布喇格光纤光栅长度能压缩输出光谱线宽.在980nm半导体激光器尾纤上写入不同布喇格光纤光栅长度的双布喇格光纤光栅谐振腔,验证了引入双布喇格光纤光栅谐振腔在压缩980nm半导体激光器输出光谱线宽的同时改善了其输出光谱的稳定性.当环境温度在0~75℃范围内变化时,980nm半导体激光器输出中心波长仅变化0.06nm.